Perception of midline deviations in smile esthetics by laypersons.

Objective:: To evaluate the esthetic perception of upper dental midline deviation by laypersons and if adjacent structures influence their judgment.

Methods:: An album with 12 randomly distributed frontal view photographs of the smile of a woman with the midline digitally deviated was evaluated by 95 laypersons. The frontal view smiling photograph was modified to create from 1 mm to 5 mm deviations in the upper midline to the left side.

Morphological Simulation of Different Incisal Embrasures: Perception of Laypersons, Orthodontic Patients, General Dentists and Orthodontists.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate how different forms of incisal embrasures influence the esthetic perception of the smile, the preferences of each group of evaluators, and the influence of gingival display.

Material And Methods: Two photographs of a broad male and female smiles were digitally manipulated to remove imperfections and asymmetries. A second manipulation was performed on the four maxillary incisors, creating 3 different forms of incisal embrasures: rounded, semi-rounded and squared.

Variations between maxillary central and lateral incisal edges and smile attractiveness.

Introduction: In this study, we aimed to verify whether different levels of maxillary incisal edges influence the perception of smile attractiveness and whether gingival display affects this perception according to groups of orthodontists, dentists, orthodontic patients, and laypersons.

Methods: Photographs of the smiles of 1 man and 1 woman showing the gingival contours of the incisors and the canines were digitally altered, creating steps from 0 to 2.0 mm in 0.

Reliability and reproducibility of three-dimensional cephalometric landmarks using CBCT: a systematic review.

Objective: The aim of this study was to review the reliability and reproducibility of 3D-CBCT (cone beam computed tomography) cephalometric landmark identification.

Methods: Electronic databases (Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science) were searched for papers published from 1998 to October 2014. Specific strategies were developed for each database, with the guidance of a librarian.

Comparison of two scales for evaluation of smile and dental attractiveness.

Objective: To compare the visual analogue scale (VAS) and the simplified Q-sort method used to investigate the highest level of agreement among dentists, orthodontists and laypeople when assessing smile and dental attractiveness.

Material And Methods: An album containing 258 photos of 86 individuals with their lips at rest, a slight and broad smile, was assessed by 25 dentists (general clinicians and various specialties), 23 orthodontists and 27 laypeople with regard to smile and dental attractiveness. To this end, both VAS and simplified Q-sort method were used.

Display of the incisors as functions of age and gender.

Background: Older subjects usually show less of their upper incisors and more of their lower incisors than younger subjects.

Objectives: To determine how much of the upper and lower central incisor crowns are visible in Brazilian subjects with their lips at rest.

Methods: The subjects were 240 white Brazilian subjects divided into four age groups: Group 1, 12 to 15 years of age; Group 2, 20 to 30 years of age; Group 3, 31 to 50 years of age and Group 4, 51 years of age and older.

In vitro evaluation of frictional forces between archwires and ceramic brackets.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the frictional force between orthodontic brackets and archwires. The differences in magnitude of the frictional forces generated by ceramic brackets, ceramic brackets with metal reinforced slot, and stainless steel brackets in combination with stainless steel, nickel-titanium, and beta-titanium orthodontic archwires were investigated. Brackets and wire were tested with tip angulations of 0 degrees and 10 degrees.