Refining the gut colonization Zophobas morio larvae model using an oral administration of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli.

Background: The darkling beetle Zophobas morio can be implemented as an alternative in vivo model to study different intestinal colonization aspects. Recently, we showed that its larvae can be colonized by multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli strains administered via contaminated food (for 7 d) for a total experimental duration of 28 d.

Method: In the present work, we aimed to shorten the model to 14 d (T14) by administering the previously used CTX-M-15 extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing ST131 E.

Nanopore R10.4 metagenomic detection of bla/bla antimicrobial resistance genes and their genetic environments in stool.

The increasing prevalence of gut colonization with CTX-M extended-spectrum β-lactamase- and/or DHA plasmid-mediated AmpC-producing Escherichia coli is a concern. Here, we evaluate Nanopore-shotgun metagenomic sequencing (Nanopore-SMS) latest V14 chemistry to detect bla and bla genes from healthy stools. We test 25 paired samples characterized with culture-based methods (native and pre-enriched).

Genomic insights into Leminorella grimontii and its chromosomal class A GRI β-lactamase.

Leminorella grimontii strain LG-KP-E1-2-T0 was isolated from Zophobas morio larvae. It showed a susceptibility phenotype compatible with the expression of an inducible extended-spectrum β-lactamase. The presence of a chromosomal bla gene encoding for the class A GRI-1 β-lactamase was revealed by whole-genome sequencing.

Complete genome sequence of strain Pcan-CK-23 isolated from larvae.

We present the complete genome sequence of . The strain (Pcan-CK-23) was isolated from (superworm) larvae. The genome consisted of a 6,424,469 bp chromosome with a GC content of 60.

A new model of intestinal colonization using larvae: testing hyperepidemic ESBL- and carbapenemase-producing clones.

Finding strategies for decolonizing gut carriers of multidrug-resistant (MDR-) is a public-health priority. In this context, novel approaches should be validated in preclinical gut colonization models before being translated to humans. However, the use of mice presents limitations.

A new OCH β-lactamase from a Brucella pseudintermedia (Ochrobactrum pseudintermedium) strain isolated from Zophobas morio larvae.

Objectives: OCH class C β-lactamases have been reported in several species belonging to the Brucella genus that were formerly known as Ochrobactrum. Moreover, only one complete genome of Brucella pseudintermedia has been published. In this work, we describe the genome of a B.

Detection of and genes in stool samples of healthy people: comparison of culture- and shotgun metagenomic-based approaches.

We implemented culture- and shotgun metagenomic sequencing (SMS)-based methods to assess the gut colonization with extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant (ESC-R-) in 42 volunteers. Both methods were performed using native and pre-enriched (broth supplemented with cefuroxime) stools. Native culture screening on CHROMID ESBL plates resulted in 17 positive samples, whereas the pre-enriched culture (gold-standard) identified 23 carriers.

Do quantitative levels of antispike-IgG antibodies aid in predicting protection from SARS-CoV-2 infection? Results from a longitudinal study in a police cohort.

In a COVID-19 sero-surveillance cohort study with predominantly healthy and vaccinated individuals, the objectives were (i) to investigate longitudinally the factors associated with the quantitative dynamics of antispike (anti-S1) IgG antibody levels, (ii) to evaluate whether the levels were associated with protection from SARS-CoV-2 infection, and (iii) to assess whether the association was different in the pre-Omicron compared with the Omicron period. The QuantiVac Euroimmun ELISA test was used to quantify anti-S1 IgG levels. The entire study period (16 months), the 11-month pre-Omicron period and the cross-sectional analysis before the Omicron surge included 3219, 2310, and 895 reactive serum samples from 949, 919, and 895 individuals, respectively.

Escherichia ruysiae May Serve as a Reservoir of Antibiotic Resistance Genes across Multiple Settings and Regions.

Gut colonization with multidrug-resistant s (MDR-) has reached worrisome levels worldwide. In this context, Escherichia ruysiae is a recently described species mostly found in animals. However, its spread and impact on humans is poorly understood.

Penicillin-Susceptible Meningitis in Adults: Does the Ceftriaxone Dosing Matter?

The recommended empiric ceftriaxone dosing regimen for acute bacterial meningitis in adults is 2 g every 12 h. After penicillin-susceptible is isolated as a causative microorganism, the ceftriaxone dose may be continued or reduced to a single dose of 2 g every 24 h, per institutional preference. There is no clear guidance that indicates the superiority of one regimen over the other.

Complete Genome Sequence of the First Colistin-Resistant Raoultella electrica Strain.

We present the full genome sequence of a colistin-resistant Raoultella electrica strain (MIC, >4 μg/mL) that was isolated from the stool of a healthy person living in India. The sequence consists of a chromosome and three plasmids (5,455,992-bp and 98,913-bp, 4,232-bp, and 3,961-bp, respectively). No previously described colistin resistance mechanisms were detected.

Evaluation of Phenotypic Tests to Detect Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL)-Producing Klebsiella oxytoca Complex Strains.

Klebsiella oxytoca complex (C) species may overproduce their chromosomal class A OXY β-lactamases, conferring reduced susceptibility to piperacillin-tazobactam, expanded-spectrum cephalosporins and aztreonam. Moreover, since clavulanate maintains its ability to inhibit these enzymes, the resulting resistance phenotype may falsely resemble the production of acquired extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs). In this work, a collection of 44 C strains of human and animal origin was characterized with whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and broth microdilution (BMD) susceptibility testing.

Intestinal colonization with multidrug-resistant Enterobacterales: screening, epidemiology, clinical impact, and strategies to decolonize carriers.

The clinical impact of infections due to extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)- and/or carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (Ent) has reached dramatic levels worldwide. Infections due to these multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens-especially Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae-may originate from a prior asymptomatic intestinal colonization that could also favor transmission to other subjects. It is therefore desirable that gut carriers are rapidly identified to try preventing both the occurrence of serious endogenous infections and potential transmission.

Complete Genome Sequence of sp. Strain E2T0, Isolated from the Darkling Beetle Zophobas morio Larvae.

Here, we present the complete genome sequence of sp. E2T0, a strain isolated from larvae of the darkling beetle Zophobas morio. The isolate was fully resistant to aztreonam and possessed a novel class D β-lactamase gene.

Intra- and Interspecies Spread of a Novel Conjugative Multidrug Resistance IncC Plasmid Coharboring and in a Cystic Fibrosis Patient.

A novel multidrug resistance conjugative 177,859-bp IncC plasmid pJEF1-OXA-181 coharboring the carbapenemase-coding and the aminoglycoside resistance 16S rRNA methyltransferase-coding genes was detected in two unrelated Escherichia coli gut isolates of ST196 and ST648, as well as two ST35 Klebsiella pneumoniae gut and sputum isolates of a cystic fibrosis patient. The gene was located within the antimicrobial resistance island ARI-A and the gene, which was preceded by IS and IS was inserted within the transfer genes region without affecting conjugation ability. Comparative plasmid analysis with other related IncC plasmids showed the presence of , as well as its integration site, are thus far unique for these types of plasmids.

Genome stability during serial subculturing in hyperepidemic multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli.

Objectives: Core-genome single nucleotide variant (cgSNV) analysis represents a powerful tool for epidemiological investigations of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. However, cgSNV thresholds to confirm whether isolates are the same clone are not formally defined.

Methods: We implemented hybrid whole-genome sequencing to study the genomic changes of four MDR isolates belonging to hyperepidemic sequence types (STs) during 20 propagation steps (T20) on MacConkey and CHROMID ESBL plates.

Serosurveillance after a COVID-19 vaccine campaign in a Swiss police cohort.

Introduction: To assess the risk for COVID-19 of police officers, we are studying the seroprevalence in a cohort. The baseline cross-sectional investigation was performed before a vaccination campaign in January/February 2021, and demonstrated a seroprevalence of 12.9%.

Simultaneous gut colonization by Klebsiella grimontii and Escherichia coli co-possessing the bla-carrying pQil plasmid.

Only two plasmid-mediated carbapenemases (KPC-2 and VIM-1) are reported in Klebsiella grimontii. Here, we report two bla-positive isolates that were identified as K. oxytoca and E.

Carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in Switzerland: human and non-human settings may share high-risk clones.

Background: The spread of carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (CP-Kp) strains belonging to high-risk sequence types (STs) is a concern. For Switzerland, national data about the molecular features (especially the STs) of CP-Kp of human origin is not available. In veterinary clinics, ST11 and ST307 bla-possessing K.

A Patient With Multiple Carbapenemase Producers Including an Unusual Hosting an IncC - and -carrying Plasmid.

Background: Patients colonized with multiple species of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) are increasingly observed. This phenomenon can be due to the high local prevalence of these pathogens, the presence of important host risk factors, and the great genetic promiscuity of some carbapenemase genes.

Methods: We analyzed 4 CPE (), 1 extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant (ESC-R-), and 1 carbapenemase-producing simultaneously isolated from a patient transferred from Macedonia.

Repatriation of a patient with COVID-19 contributed to the importation of an emerging carbapenemase producer.

Objectives: Patients hospitalised abroad can become colonised with multidrug-resistant bacteria and import them to their home countries. In this study, we characterised an OXA-484 carbapenemase-producing Escherichia coli strain from a Swiss patient infected by SARS-CoV-2 and repatriated from India.

Methods: At admission to Switzerland (April 2021), the patient undertook a nasopharyngeal swab to search for SARS-CoV-2 and a rectal swab to detect multidrug-resistant bacteria.

Duration of carriage of multidrug-resistant bacteria in dogs and cats in veterinary care and co-carriage with their owners.

Background: The emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) represent a threat to human and animal health.

Objectives: To assess duration of carriage of MDROs in dogs and cats presented to veterinary clinics/hospitals in Switzerland. To estimate prevalence, duration of and risk factors for MDRO carriage in their owners and the occurrence of co-carriage in owner-pet pairs.

Antimicrobial-Resistant Strains and Their Plasmids in People, Poultry, and Chicken Meat in Laos.

Antimicrobial resistant (AMR) Enterobacterales are widely distributed among the healthy population of the Indochinese peninsula, including Laos. However, the local reservoir of these pathogens are currently not known and possible sources such as agricultural settings and food have rarely been analyzed. In this work, we investigated the extended-spectrum cephalosporin- (ESC-) and colistin-resistant strains (CST-R-) isolated from the gut of local people, feces of poultry, and from chicken meat (60 samples each group) in Laos.