"Hit the missing stimulus". A simultaneous EEG-fMRI study to localize the generators of endogenous ERPs in an omitted target paradigm.

Event-Related Potentials (ERPs) occurring independently from any stimulus are purely endogenous (emitted potentials) and their neural generators can be unequivocally linked with cognitive processes. In the present study, the subjects performed two similar visual counting tasks: a standard two-stimulus oddball, and an omitted-target oddball task, characterized by the physical absence of the target stimulus. Our investigation aimed at localizing the neural sources of the scalp-recorded endogenous/emitted ERPs.

Spinal Direct Current Stimulation Modulates Short Intracortical Inhibition.

Objective: Transcutaneous spinal direct current stimulation (tsDCS) is a new and safe technique for modulating spinal cord excitability. We assessed changes in intracortical excitability following tsDCS by evaluating changes in cortical silent period (cSP), paired-pulse short intracortical inhibition (SICI), and intracortical facilitation (ICF).

Materials And Methods: Healthy subjects were studied before (T0) and at different intervals (T1 and T2) after anodal, cathodal, and sham tsDCS (20', 2.

Phantom limb pain: low frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in unaffected hemisphere.

Phantom limb pain is very common after limb amputation and is often difficult to treat. The motor cortex stimulation is a valid treatment for deafferentation pain that does not respond to conventional pain treatment, with relief for 50% to 70% of patients. This treatment is invasive as it uses implanted epidural electrodes.

Donepezil versus vitamin E in Alzheimer's disease: Part 2: mild versus moderate-severe Alzheimer's disease.

Early studies showed that the latency of P300 (P3) event related potential increases or diminishes when anticholinergic or cholinergic drugs are administered. We tested the hypothesis that new cholinesterase inhibitors like Donepezil (DPZ) may have an effect on the often abnormal P300 of patients with Alzheimer's Disease (AD), and therefore, that P300 recordings might simplify the evaluation of responses to cholinesterase inhibitor in patients with mild and moderate-severe AD. We evaluated 60 patients with AD: 30 patients with "mild" (Mini Mental State Examination 26-19) and 30 patients with "moderate-severe" (Mini Mental State Examination 18-10), according to the National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association criteria in comparison with 40 age-matched controls.