Melanoma is currently the most prevalent malignant neoplasm among adults and represents the second most common cancer in both sexes among individuals aged 0 to 39 years. This retrospective multicenter study delves into the distinctive clinical, anamnestic, histopathologic, and prognostic attributes of melanoma in Adolescent and Young Adults (AYA), defined as patients diagnosed at ≤40 years, across four Italian centers. Through a computer-based review of clinical records from 1 January 2010 to 30 September 2023, AYA melanomas were contrasted with non-AYA melanomas (>40 years) among 1452 patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe most common cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, mycosis fungoides (MF), is clinically characterized by erythematous-violaceous nodules and erythematous-scaly patches. In the early stages of MF, phototherapy is currently the first line of treatment and plays a significant role. This study aims to review and analyze the various phototherapy options for cutaneous lymphoma.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAging is a natural intrinsic process associated with the loss of fibrous tissue, a slower cell turnover, and a reduction in immune system competence. In the skin, the continuous exposition of environmental factors superimposes extrinsic damage, mainly due to ultraviolet radiation causing photoaging. Although not usually considered a pathogenic event, photoaging affects cutaneous biology, increasing the risk of skin carcinogenesis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVitiligo is a complex disease wherein derangements in multiple pathways determine the loss of functional melanocytes. Since its pathogenesis is not yet completely understood, vitiligo lacks a definitive safe and efficacious treatment. At present, different therapies are available; however, each modality has its baggage of disadvantages and side effects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVitiligo is an acquired skin depigmentation disease involving multiple pathogenetic mechanisms, which ultimately direct cytotoxic CD8 cells to destroy melanocytes. Abnormalities have been described in several cells even in pigmented skin as an expression of a functional inherited defect. Keratinocytes regulate skin homeostasis by the assembly of a proper skin barrier and releasing and responding to cytokines and growth factors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAmong disorders of pigmentation, vitiligo is the most common, with an estimated prevalence between 0.5% and 1%. The disease has gathered increased attention in the most recent years, leading to a better understanding of the disease's pathophysiology and its implications and to the development of newer therapeutic strategies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVitiligo, the most common depigmenting disorder of the skin, is undergoing a period of intense advances in both disease understanding and therapeutic possibilities leading the way to the beginning of a new era for the disorder. Its pathophysiology has gathered the attention of researchers for years, and many advances have been made in the clarification of the interaction between different factors that result in depigmented macule formation. The complex interplay between non-immunological and immunological factors in vitiligo is key for the development of the disease, and the participation of cells other than melanocytes, such as keratinocytes, fibroblasts, natural killer cells, and innate lymphoid cells, has been shown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Chemotherapy-induced alopecia (CIA) is one of the most dramatic side effects of chemotherapy. Currently no guidelines are available for its prevention and treatment. Several devices and drugs are used, but results are often disappointing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSince the introduction of the first chemotherapeutic regimens for the treatment of oncological disease, hundreds of drugs have been approved for cancer treatment and many more are under investigation. The development of newer drugs such as target therapies, immuno-oncotherapies, and hormonal therapies has increased in specificity with the development of smaller molecules and more selective targets. Cutaneous side effects are now well known for both standard chemotherapy and targeted therapies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Objectives: Female pattern hair loss (FPHL) is a common form of scalp hair loss that occurs in 38% of females. Currently, minoxidil solution is the only therapy approved by the US Food and Drug Administration, but many other treatments are used, including cyproterone acetate, spironolactone, topical 17α-estradiol, and prostaglandin analogs. Systemic finasteride has been considered a treatment option in women even though its teratogenic effects tend to limit its prescription.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRadiotherapy is frequently associated with a great number of collateral effects, which can affect the skin and its appendages. In addition to more common side effects, like radiodermatitis, other cutaneous conditions are less known and often they are underdiagnosed. Among these, isoradiotopic response is one of the rare radiotherapy-associated phenomena.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFG Ital Dermatol Venereol
December 2019
Alopecia areata (AA) is an organ-specific autoimmune disorder that targets anagen phase hair follicles. The course is unpredictable and current available treatments have variable efficacy. Nowadays, there is relatively little evidence on treatment of AA from well-designed clinical trials.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCandida is a large genus of yeast, consisting of about 150 species, among which C.albicans is the most prevalent fungal species of the human microbiota. C.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBromoderma is a rare skin disease caused by the ingestion, inhalation, or contact with products containing bromides. We report a case of bromoderma in a 36-year-old farmer, characterized by remission during the spring and exacerbation during the winter. The recognition of the use of products containing bromides during the winter helped us to understand the cause of the clinical condition.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF