Physical activity and sedentary behavior levels among individuals with mental illness: A cross-sectional study from 23 countries.

People with mental illness tend to present low levels of physical activity and high levels of sedentary behavior. The study aims to compare these levels in mental illness patients, exploring the role of socioeconomic development and treatment setting. This cross-sectional study used accelerometers and the Simple Physical Activity Questionnaire (SIMPAQ) to assess physical activity and sedentary behavior in mental illness individuals living in 23 countries.

Floor Maze Test is capable of differentiating spatial navigation between frail and pre-frail institutionalized older persons.

Unlabelled: Investigation of the association between physical frailty and cognitive performance through spatial navigation is important to enable the identification of individuals with cognitive impairment and physical comorbidity.

Objective: To analyze the association between spatial navigation and frailty in frail and pre-frail institutionalized older adults.

Methods: Forty older people of both sexes, aged 60 years or over, residing in four Brazilian Long-Term Care Facilities (LTCFs) participated in this study.

Association among race/color, gender, and intrinsic capacity: results from the ELSI-Brazil study.

Objective: To investigate associations among race/color, gender, and intrinsic capacity (IC) (total and by domains) in middle-aged and older adults from a Brazilian cohort. As a secondary objective, we investigate these associations across Brazilian regions.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted with baseline data from the 2015-2016 Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSI-Brazil).

Online physical exercise and the neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with dementia: a cross-sectional study during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Unlabelled: Social isolation is necessary during the COVID-19 pandemic but can be harmful to mental health, especially in people with neurocognitive disorders. Although physical exercise can alleviate neuropsychiatric symptoms and improve quality of life (QoL), sedentary behavior increased during the pandemic. Online interventions can contribute to improving physical activity and mental health.

Alzheimer's disease genes and proteins associated with resistance and aerobic training: An in silico analysis.

Background: Exercise appears to be a viable intervention for maintaining cognitive function and regaining functional autonomy, and perhaps even contributing to a slower progression of Alzheimer's Disease (AD).

Objective: To explore different neuroplasticity pathways modulated by aerobic and strength training, determine whether signaling pathways overlapped for each specific training method (aerobic and strength training), and evaluate whether there is a functional relationship between APOE and APP gene expression with aerobic training modulated by BDNF; and strength training modulated by IGF-1.

Methods: An in silico analysis was performed to analyze the connection between exercise types and neuroplasticity as a protective factor in AD.

Spatial navigation in older adults with mild cognitive impairment and dementia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we compared the spatial navigation performance of older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), Alzheimer's Disease (AD), and other dementias, using healthy older adults as controls. In addition, we evaluated the possible influence of the environment type (virtual and real), protocol (object- or environment-based), and the navigation mode (active and passive navigation) on spatial navigation task performance. In total, 1372 articles were identified and 24 studies were included in the meta-analysis.

Clinician guidelines for the treatment of psychiatric disorders with nutraceuticals and phytoceuticals: The World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry (WFSBP) and Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments (CANMAT) Taskforce.

Objectives: The therapeutic use of nutrient-based 'nutraceuticals' and plant-based 'phytoceuticals' for the treatment of mental disorders is common; however, despite recent research progress, there have not been any updated global clinical guidelines since 2015. To address this, the World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry (WFSBP) and the Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Disorders (CANMAT) convened an international taskforce involving 31 leading academics and clinicians from 15 countries, between 2019 and 2021. These guidelines are aimed at providing a definitive evidence-informed approach to assist clinicians in making decisions around the use of such agents for major psychiatric disorders.

Aerobic Training and Circulating Neurotrophins in Alzheimer's Disease Patients: A Controlled Trial.

Objective: to verify the effects of aerobic exercise training in circulating BDNF, VEGF and IGF-1 plasma levels and cognitive function in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) patients.

Methods: 34 AD patients participated in the study, divided in two groups: Control Group (CG; n = 16) and Training Group (TG; n = 18 - Moderate aerobic training on the treadmill, three times a week, for 12 weeks). BDNF, VEGF and IGF-1 plasma levels were considered as a primary outcome.

Relationship Between Aerobic Capacity, Mobility, and Spatial Navigation in Healthy Individuals and Older Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Cross-Sectional Study.

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between physical ability and spatial navigation in older adults with mild cognitive impairment and healthy controls, using the floor maze test. Study participants (n = 58) were subjected to the following tests: floor maze test, sit-to-stand, 8-foot up-and-go, and aerobic steps. Factorial analyses showed that performance of the physical tests combined explained approximately 87% of the sample variability.

Acute affective responses to high-intensity interval exercise: Implications on the use of different stimulus-recovery amplitudes.

The effect of high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) on affective responses is unclear due to the several variables of HIIE, which may be minimized by using derived variables (e.g. amplitude).

Factors associated with adherence to sports and exercise among outpatients with major depressive disorder.

Introduction: Individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD) face more barriers to engagement in sports and exercise interventions. Evaluating clinical and demographic factors associated with adherence to sports and exercise among MDD outpatients could support development of new options and strategies to increase their participation.

Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 268 depressed outpatients were evaluated (83.

Beyond the Mini-Mental State Examination: The Use of Physical and Spatial Navigation Tests to Help to Screen for Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease.

Background: Spatial navigation and dual-task (DT) performance may represent a low-cost approach to the identification of the cognitive decline in older adults and may support the clinical diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Objective: To assess the accuracy of different types of motor tasks in differentiating older persons with MCI and AD from healthy peers.

Methods: Older adults aged 60 years or over (n = 105; healthy = 39; MCI = 23; AD = 43) were evaluated by the floor maze test (FMT), the senior fitness test, and DT performance.

The comorbidity conditions and polypharmacy in elderly patients with mental illness in a middle income country: a cross-sectional study⋆.

Background: Mental disorders increase the risk factor for developing physical comorbidity conditions, such as cardiometabolic diseases. There is a high prevalence of multimorbidity and polypharmacy in the elderly population which hampers clinical response. Studies have shown that this positive correlation between the aging process and enhancement of physical comorbidities is especially high among older adults who live in low or middle income countries.

Spatial navigation and dual-task performance in patients with Dementia that present partial dependence in instrumental activity of daily living.

Background: Instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) ability impairments are clearly related to cognitive and motor decline, as well as to the progression of Dementia. However, more low-cost assessments are necessary to better understand the process of IADL in patients with Dementia.

Objective: To compare cognitive, motor and cognitive-motor performance at different stages of dependence on IADL in patients with Dementia.

Perceived barriers, benefits and correlates of physical activity in outpatients with Major Depressive Disorder: A study from Brazil.

Objectives: To evaluate the barriers, benefits and correlates of physical activity (PA) in outpatients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD).

Methods: Data were collected from outpatients under treatment for MDD at Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre. Barriers and benefits were assessed with the Exercise Barriers/Benefits Scale (EBBS).

Gait analysis with videogrammetry can differentiate healthy elderly, mild cognitive impairment, and Alzheimer's disease: A cross-sectional study.

Gait parameters have been investigated as an additional tool for differential diagnosis in neurocognitive disorders, especially among healthy elderly (HE), those with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. A videogrammetry system could be used as a low-cost and clinically practical equipment to capture and analyze gait in older adults. The aim of this study was to select the better gait parameter to differentiate these groups among different motor test conditions with videogrammetry analyses.

Test-retest reliability of the simon task: a short version proposal.

The standard version of the Simon task (an instrument for assessing attentional demands, inhibitory control and the perception-action cycle) comprises a total of 168 trials. Different versions of this task are used in the literature, but it is not clear whether the Simon effect can be found using brief versions of the test. This study aims to investigate the presence of the Simon effect and its test-retest reliability in a brief version of 28 trials of the Simon task.

Stages of mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease can be differentiated by declines in timed up and go test: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Motor dysfunction increases in the moderate and severe stages of dementia. However, there is still no consensus on changes in mobility during its early stages. This meta-analysis aimed to measure the level of single-task functional mobility in older subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and/or Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Motor-cognitive dual-task performance of older women evaluated using Wii Balance Board.

Background: Single- and dual-tasks are influenced by age-related impaired postural balance. Aim of this study was to analyze the Center of Pressure (CoP) oscillation during static balance in the presence or absence of cognitive task on older women.

Methods: Thirty-one healthy older women were assessed in a stand quiet position with open/closed eyes (single-task, OE and CE) and with cognitive task (dual-task, DT) through Wii Balance Board.

Posturographic analysis of older adults without dementia and patients with Alzheimer's disease: A cross-sectional study.

Unlabelled: Additional clinical tools should be investigated to facilitate and aid the early diagnosis of cognitive decline. Postural control worsens with aging and this may be related to pathological cognitive impairment.

Objective: to compare the balance of older adults without dementia in a control group (CG) and with Alzheimer's disease (AD), to observe the possible association with the independent variables (diagnosis, age, gender, and global cognition) and to verify the best posturographic analyses to determine the difference between the groups.

Three months of multimodal training contributes to mobility and executive function in elderly individuals with mild cognitive impairment, but not in those with Alzheimer's disease: A randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To investigate the effects of a 12-week multimodal physical exercise program on global cognition, executive function and mobility in elderly people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Design: Randomized controlled trial (RCT) of two groups in parallel; single-blind.

Method: Patients were allocated to a control group (CG; n = 28 comprising MCI = 14 and AD = 14) and an exercise group (EG; n = 28 comprising MCI = 14 and AD = 14).