Oxidized Regenerated Cellulose Mimicking a Retained Laparotomy Sponge.

Oxidized regenerated cellulose (ORC) is an absorbable hemostat commonly used during gynecologic surgery. We present a case in which ORC was used in a patient undergoing posterior pelvic exenteration with ureteroneocystostomy for excision of a malignant pelvic mass. At the conclusion of these procedures, the laparotomy pad count was reported as incomplete likely due to the large number of laparotomy pads used and changes in nursing staff.

Prospective Analyses of Sedentary Behavior in Relation to Risk of Ovarian Cancer.

We examined the association of sedentary behavior with risk of ovarian cancer overall, by tumor subtype, and by participant characteristics in the Nurses' Health Study (NHS) and Nurses' Health Study II (NHS II). A total of 69,558 NHS participants (1992-2016) and 104,130 NHS II participants (1991-2015) who reported on time spent sitting at home, at work, and while watching television were included in the analysis, which included 884 histologically confirmed ovarian cancer cases. Multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for ovarian cancer by sitting time (no mutual adjustment for individual sitting types in primary analyses).

Major vascular injury during gynecologic cancer surgery.

Objective: Vascular injury during major gynecologic cancer surgery is a rare but potentially fatal complication. The purpose of this study was to review our experience with major vascular injury during gynecologic cancer surgery.

Methods: This was a retrospective chart review of women undergoing surgery by our gynecologic oncology department from 7/1/99 to 6/30/20 who had a major vascular injury.

Stage IIIC endometrial cancer review: Current controversies in adjuvant therapy.

Stage IIIC is the most common stage of locally advanced sub-stage of endometrial cancer, nevertheless, the optimal management for these patients remains controversial. Adjuvant chemotherapy alone more effectively suppressed distant metastases but resulted in a higher rate of pelvic failure, while adjuvant radiation more effectively controlled pelvic recurrences but was associated with more frequent distant metastases. Two recent randomized trials, PORTEC3 and GOG 258, each have attempted to integrate multimodal therapy.

The association of resistance training with risk of ovarian cancer.

Background: Increasing evidence, including multiple putative inflammatory risk factors (e.g., c-reactive protein, and adiposity), supports that inflammation plays an important role in ovarian carcinogenesis.

IgA transcytosis and antigen recognition govern ovarian cancer immunity.

Most ovarian cancers are infiltrated by prognostically relevant activated T cells, yet exhibit low response rates to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Memory B cell and plasma cell infiltrates have previously been associated with better outcomes in ovarian cancer, but the nature and functional relevance of these responses are controversial. Here, using 3 independent cohorts that in total comprise 534 patients with high-grade serous ovarian cancer, we show that robust, protective humoral responses are dominated by the production of polyclonal IgA, which binds to polymeric IgA receptors that are universally expressed on ovarian cancer cells.

BTN3A1 governs antitumor responses by coordinating αβ and γδ T cells.

Gamma delta (γδ) T cells infiltrate most human tumors, but current immunotherapies fail to exploit their in situ major histocompatibility complex-independent tumoricidal potential. Activation of γδ T cells can be elicited by butyrophilin and butyrophilin-like molecules that are structurally similar to the immunosuppressive B7 family members, yet how they regulate and coordinate αβ and γδ T cell responses remains unknown. Here, we report that the butyrophilin BTN3A1 inhibits tumor-reactive αβ T cell receptor activation by preventing segregation of N-glycosylated CD45 from the immune synapse.

Ornithine decarboxylase as a therapeutic target for endometrial cancer.

Ornithine Decarboxylase (ODC) a key enzyme in polyamine biosynthesis is often overexpressed in cancers and contributes to polyamine-induced cell proliferation. We noted ubiquitous expression of ODC1 in our published endometrial cancer gene array data and confirmed this in the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) with highest expression in non-endometrioid, high grade, and copy number high cancers, which have the worst clinical outcomes. ODC1 expression was associated with worse overall survival and increased recurrence in three endometrial cancer gene expression datasets.

Intrauterine cleaning after placental delivery at cesarean section: a randomized controlled trial.

Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate whether omission of intrauterine cleaning increases intraoperative and postoperative complications among women who deliver via cesarean section.

Methods: We randomized 206 women undergoing primary elective cesarean deliveries to intrauterine cleaning or omission of cleaning. Postpartum endomyometritis rates across groups were the primary outcome.