Astrocyte Regulation of Neuronal Function and Survival in Stroke Pathophysiology.

The interactions between astrocytes and neurons in the context of stroke play crucial roles in the disease's progression and eventual outcomes. After a stroke, astrocytes undergo significant changes in their morphology, molecular profile, and function, together termed reactive astrogliosis. Many of these changes modulate how astrocytes relate to neurons, inducing mechanisms both beneficial and detrimental to stroke recovery.

IUPHAR-review: The integration of classic psychedelics into current substance use disorder treatment models.

Substance use disorders (SUDs) have an enormous impact on public health. With classic psychedelic-assisted therapies showing initial promise in treating multiple SUDs, it is possible that these treatments will become legally available options for patients with SUDs in the future. This article highlights how classic psychedelic-assisted therapies might be integrated into current clinical practice.

Classic psychedelics in the treatment of substance use disorder: Potential synergies with twelve-step programs.

Several pilot studies have provided evidence supporting the potential of classic psychedelics like psilocybin in the treatment of substance use disorders (SUDs). If larger trials confirm efficacy, classic psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy may eventually be integrated into existing addiction treatments such as cognitive behavioral therapy, contingency management, and medication-assisted therapies. Many individuals seeking treatment for SUDs also join twelve-step facilitation (TSF) programs like Alcoholics Anonymous (AA), which are among the most widely available and accessed treatments for alcohol use disorder worldwide.

Role of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in neurodevelopmental deficits and experience-dependent plasticity in .

Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is a secreted endopeptidase targeting extracellular matrix proteins, creating permissive environments for neuronal development and plasticity. Developmental dysregulation of MMP-9 may also lead to neurodevelopmental disorders (ND). Here, we test the hypothesis that chronically elevated MMP-9 activity during early neurodevelopment is responsible for neural circuit hyperconnectivity observed in tadpoles after early exposure to valproic acid (VPA), a known teratogen associated with ND in humans.

Optimism during pregnancy and obstetrical outcomes: A systematic review.

Objective: To ascertain the strength of association between dispositional optimism, assessed with the Revised Life Orientation Test (LOT-R), and obstetrical outcomes, and to evaluate women's social characteristics that may lead to low dispositional optimism during pregnancy.

Study Design: The research was conducted using MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Sciences, Cochrane Database, and ClinicalTrial.gov as electronic databases.

Stroke recurrence in pregnancy: Experience at a regional referral center.

Background: Although stroke is more common with advancing age, especially in the elderly, women of reproductive age may still suffer from stroke, and from its deleterious consequences. Women of reproductive age who suffer a stroke may do so either due to a specific predisposition, or due to pregnancy-related hypertensive emergencies.

Objective: To assess the risk of stroke recurrence in pregnancy and the postpartum period in women who have suffered a stroke before pregnancy.