A novel adapted MRI-based scheme for Dejour classification of trochlear dysplasia.

Purpose: To elaborate an optimized scheme for the Dejour classification of trochlear dysplasia based on axial and sagittal MR images and to evaluate its intra- and inter-reader reliability.

Material And Methods: Over a period of 20 months patients with a knee MRI and the diagnosis of trochlear dysplasia were retrospectively included. Exclusion criteria were incomplete examination, qualitatively non-diagnostic examination, post trochlear surgery, missing informed consent for research purposes.

Standardized reporting of spine and sacroiliac joints in axial spondyloarthritis MRI: from the ESSR-Arthritis Subcommittee.

Objectives: Apply a modified Delphi-based approach and produce a practical, radiology-specific set of definitions for interpretation and standardization of the multiple MRI findings in axial spondyloarthritis (ax-SpA), specifically to aid the general radiologist with a musculoskeletal interest, working with gold standard basic MRI protocols.

Materials And Methods: We report the results of a modified Delphi-based consensus of 35 experts from 13 countries in the Arthritis Subcommittee of the European Society of Musculoskeletal Radiology (ESSR). Seventeen definitions were created (i.

Morphological and Quantitative Parametric MRI Follow-up of Cartilage Changes Before and After Intra-articular Injection Therapy in Patients With Mild to Moderate Knee Osteoarthritis: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Background: Intra-articular injections are routinely used for conservative treatment of knee osteoarthritis (OA). The detailed comparative therapeutic effects of these injections on cartilage tissue are still unclear.

Objective: The aim of this study was to detect and compare knee cartilage changes after intra-articular injection of glucocorticoid, hyaluronic acid, or platelet-rich plasma (PRP) to placebo using quantitative (T2 and T2* mapping) and morphological magnetic resonance imaging parameters in patients with mild or moderate osteoarthritis.

Superior metal artifact reduction of tin-filtered low-dose CT in imaging of lumbar spinal instrumentation compared to conventional computed tomography.

Objective: To compare the image quality of low-dose CT (LD-CT) with tin filtration of the lumbar spine after metal implants to standard clinical CT, and to evaluate the potential for metal artifact and dose reduction.

Materials And Methods: CT protocols were optimized in a cadaver torso. Seventy-four prospectively included patients with metallic lumbar implants were scanned with both standard CT (120 kV) and tin-filtered LD-CT (Sn140kV).

Prognostic value of clinical and MRI features in the screening of lipomatous lesions.

Background And Objectives: Differentiation of lipomatous tumors mostly requires diagnostic biopsy but is essential to decide for the most adequate therapy. This study aims to investigate the prognostic value of available clinical and radiological features with regard to malignancy of the lesion, recurrence and survival.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, 104 patients with a biopsy-proven lipomatous tumor between 2010 and 2015 and a minimum clinical follow-up of two years were enrolled.

Muscle atrophy in diabetic patients with Charcot foot: a case-control study.

Purpose: To evaluate the distribution and severity of muscle atrophy in diabetic patients with active Charcot foot (CF) compared to diabetic patients without CF. Furthermore, to correlate the muscle atrophy with severity of CF disease.

Material/methods: In this retrospective study, MR images of 35 diabetic patients (21 male, median:62.

A Randomized Trial of Intra-articular Injection Therapy for Knee Osteoarthritis.

Background: Intra-articular injections are widely used for conservative treatment of knee osteoarthritis (OA). However, rigorous data are lacking regarding the comparative therapeutic effectiveness of these injections.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare clinical outcomes after intra-articular injections of glucocorticoid, hyaluronic acid, platelet-rich plasma (PRP), or placebo in patients with mild or moderate OA of the knee.

Can pre-operative intraarticular injection predict pain relief after total hip arthroplasty?

Background: To study if pain relief after injection and arthroplasty correlate.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study included consecutive patients (n = 88; median age 64 (interquartile range (IQR) 22) years, 49 (56%) females) that received fluoroscopic-guided intra-articular hip injection with contrast agent, anaesthetic (diagnostic), and corticosteroid (therapeutic) before implantation of primary total hip arthroplasty. Pain scores were assessed pre-injection, post-injection after 15 min (diagnostic phase) at first clinical follow up (therapeutic phase; median 2 (IQR 2) months), and postoperatively (last follow up (median 15 (IQR 5) months)).

Inadvertent Placement of an Infraclavicular Catheter in the Interscalene Region With an Unusual Complication: A Case Report.

An infraclavicular catheter is a very efficient technique to provide excellent perioperative anesthesia/analgesia for upper limb surgery. However, complications can occur and are dependent on the technique used. We report the inadvertent placement of an infraclavicular catheter in the interscalene region when an ultrasound-guided infraclavicular catheter was threaded cranially.

Virtual non-contrast images calculated from dual-energy CT shoulder arthrography improve the detection of intraarticular loose bodies.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the image quality of virtual non-contrast (VNC) images calculated from dual-energy CT shoulder arthrography (DECT-A) and their ability to detect periosteal calcifications and intraarticular loose bodies.

Materials And Methods: In 129 shoulders of 123 patients, DECT arthrography (80 kV/140 kV) was performed with diluted iodinated contrast material (80 mg/ml). VNC images were calculated with image postprocessing.

Sonography of tendon pathology in the hand and wrist.

Traumatic and non-traumatic tendon lesions are common at the wrist and hand. For the diagnosis, therapy management, and long-term prognosis of tendon lesions, a detailed understanding of the complex anatomy and knowledge of typical injury patterns is crucial for both radiologists and clinicians. Improvements in high-resolution ultrasound are producing high-quality images of the superficial tendinous and peritendinous structures.

Clinical, radiological and patient-rated outcome comparison between total and partial ulnar head implants.

This study aimed to analyse the clinical and radiological outcomes after ulnar head replacement and to compare partial and total ulnar head implants. Twenty-two patients with 23 implants were available with a mean follow-up time of 7 years (range 1.3 to 17) after distal radioulnar joint arthroplasty.

Dual energy CT arthrography in shoulder instability: successful iodine removal with virtual non-contrast images and accurate 3D reformats of the glenoid for assessment of bone loss.

Objective: To evaluate the image quality of dual energy CT (DECT) of the shoulder after arthrography and of virtual non-contrast (VNC) 3D reformats of the glenoid and to compare glenoid measurements on VNC 3D reformats and on 2D CTs.

Materials And Methods: DECT arthrography (80 kV/140 kV) was performed in 42 shoulders of 41 patients with instability using diluted iodinated contrast media (80 mg/ml). VNC images and VNC 3D reformats of the glenoid were calculated using image postprocessing.

Ligaments of the scapho-trapezial-trapezoidal joint: MR anatomy in asymptomatic and symptomatic individuals.

Purpose: To evaluate the MRI anatomy of the scapho-trapezial-trapezoidal (STT) ligament complex in asymptomatic and symptomatic individuals.

Material And Methods: In this retrospective study, STT ligament complex of 42 (male 69%, median age 37.5 years) asymptomatic (n = 25) and symptomatic (n = 17) (defined as pain described over the STT joint) individuals was examined using a high-resolution 3D proton density-weighted isovoxel sequence (MR arthrogram) with multiplanar reconstructions.

Pulley, Flexor, and Extensor Tendon Injuries of the Hand.

Tendon injuries represent the second most common injury of the hand (after fractures) and are a common scanning indication in radiology. Pulley injuries are very frequent in rock climbers with the A2 pulley the most commonly affected. Tendon and pulley injuries can be reliably evaluated using ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Diurnal T2-changes of the intervertebral discs of the entire spine and the influence of weightlifting.

The purpose was to study if (1) diurnal changes occur in the entire spine and if (2) intervertebral discs (IVDs) of weightlifters (WL) have decreased baseline T2-values in the morning as well as (3) increased diurnal changes throughout the day. This prospective cohort study investigated healthy volunteers between 2015 and 2017. WL were required to have participated in weightlifting ≥ 4×/week for ≥ 5 years, while non-weightlifters (NWL) were limited to < 2×/week for ≥ 5 years.

The "Balgrist Score" for evaluation of Charcot foot: a predictive value for duration of off-loading treatment.

Objective: To develop a new magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) scoring system for evaluation of active Charcot foot and to correlate the score with a duration of off-loading treatment ≥ 90 days.

Methods: An outpatient clinic database was searched retrospectively for MRIs of patients with active Charcot foot who completed off-loading treatment. Images were assessed by two radiologists (readers 1 and 2) and an orthopedic surgeon (reader 3).

Ultrasound-guided interventions with augmented reality in situ visualisation: a proof-of-mechanism phantom study.

Background: Ultrasound (US) images are currently displayed on monitors, and their understanding needs good orientation skills. Direct overlay of US images onto the according anatomy is possible with augmented reality (AR) technologies. Our purpose was to explore the performance of US-guided needle placement with and without AR in situ US viewing.

The Charcot foot: a pictorial review.

Charcot foot refers to an inflammatory pedal disease based on polyneuropathy; the detailed pathomechanism of the disease is still unclear. Since the most common cause of polyneuropathy in industrialized countries is diabetes mellitus, the prevalence in this risk group is very high, up to 35%. Patients with Charcot foot typically present in their fifties or sixties and most of them have had diabetes mellitus for at least 10 years.

Early Recognition of a Transient Ischemic Attack Utilizing Cerebral Oxygenation Monitoring During Shoulder Surgery in the Beach Chair Position: A Case Report.

Shoulder surgery in the beach chair position is routinely performed, and central neurological events are rare but potentially devastating. We present a patient with transient neurological deficits after a sudden blood pressure drop with a simultaneous decrease of regional cerebral saturation values registered by cerebral oximetry. We reviewed published cases and proposed possible strategies to prevent the occurrence of similar complications in this context.

Guided growth with tension band plate or definitive epiphysiodesis for treatment of limb length discrepancy?

Background: It is not exactly known whether guided growth or definitive epiphysiodesis techniques are superior in treating limb length discrepancy (LLD). The purpose of the present study was therefore to find out if definitive epiphysiodesis is associated with more powerful LLD correction than tension band plate epiphysiodesis.

Methods: Pediatric patients with LLD treated either with tension band plating as a guided growth technique (temporary epiphysiodesis) or a percutaneous drilling technique (definitive epiphysiodesis) around the knee and a minimum follow-up of 12 months were included in this retrospective study.

MR imaging of pubic symphysis after uncomplicated vaginal delivery and planned caesarean delivery in the first postpartum week.

Purpose: To compare changes in the pubic symphysis between women with vaginal delivery and women with caesarean sections within the first postpartum week.

Materials And Methods: After institutional review board approval 30 healthy women were prospectively examined with MRI (transverse STIR-sequence) three days after delivery. 17 women with vaginal delivery (mean age 33.

T1- and T2*-Mapping for Assessment of Tendon Tissue Biophysical Properties: A Phantom MRI Study.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to quantitatively assess changes in collagen structure using MR T1- and T2*-mapping in a novel controlled ex vivo tendon model setup.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-four cadaveric bovine flexor tendons underwent MRI at 3 T before and after chemical modifications, representing mechanical degeneration and augmentation. Collagen degradation (COL), augmenting collagen fiber cross-linking (CXL), and a control (phosphate-buffered saline [PBS]) were examined in experimental groups, using histopathology as standard of reference.

Inhibition of calpain delays early muscle atrophy after rotator cuff tendon release in sheep.

Chronic rotator cuff (RC) tears are characterized by retraction, fat accumulation, and atrophy of the affected muscle. These features pose an intractable problem for surgical repair and subsequent recovery, and their prevention may be easier than reversal. Using an established ovine model, we tested the hypothesis that inhibition of the protease calpain mitigates m.