A Comparison of Remote vs In-Person Proctored In-Training Examination Administration for Internal Medicine.

Purpose: In response to COVID-19, the American College of Physicians provided residents the option to complete the 2020 Internal Medicine In-Training Examination (IM-ITE) via in-person and remote proctoring. This study evaluated the extent to which scores obtained from both testing modalities were comparable.

Method: Data were analyzed from residents from all U.

The Bowel-Associated Arthritis-Dermatosis Syndrome (BADAS): A Systematic Review.

Bowel-associated arthritis-dermatosis syndrome (BADAS) is a rare neutrophilic dermatosis that was first described in 1971 in patients who underwent bypass surgery for obesity. Over the years, the number of reported cases associated with medical gastroenterological conditions, particularly inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), has progressively increased. To date, there are no systematic reviews in the literature on BADAS.

CCR4 Skin-Tropic Phenotype as a Feature of Central Memory CD8 T Cells in Healthy Subjects and Psoriasis Patients.

The chemokine receptor CCR4 has emerged as a skin-homing molecule important for the migration of T cells from the blood to the dermis. From our previous data on psoriasis patients, CCR4 memory T cells emerged as a putative recirculating population between skin and blood. Here we focused our attention on the expression of CCR4 and skin-tropic molecules in the different stages of memory T cell differentiation.

Increased frequency of activated CD8 T cell effectors in patients with psoriatic arthritis.

The aim of this study is to identify subsets of T cells differentially represented in the circulation of patients with psoriatic arthritis and to evaluate the possibility that they can recirculate between peripheral blood and the inflamed joints. We analyzed the phenotype and cytokine expression in circulating CD8 and CD4 T cells in 69 subjects: 28 with cutaneous psoriasis, 15 patients with psoriatic arthritis, and 26 healthy subjects. In the circulation, the percentage of each subset was compared among the groups and correlation was calculated with the serum concentration of C-reactive protein.

Outcomes assessment of hepatitis C virus-positive psoriatic patients treated using pegylated interferon in combination with ribavirin compared to new Direct-Acting Antiviral agents.

Aim: To evaluate the outcomes in biological treatment and quality of life of psoriatic patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) treated with new Direct-Acting Antiviral agents (DAAs) compared to pegylated interferon-2α plus ribavirin (P/R) therapy.

Methods: This is a retrospective study involving psoriatic patients in biological therapy who underwent anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment at the Department of Dermatology Galeazzi Orthopaedic Institute Milan, Italy from January 2010 to November 2017. The patients were divided into two groups: patients that underwent therapy with DAAs and patients that underwent HCV treatment with P/R.

Blood to skin recirculation of CD4 memory T cells associates with cutaneous and systemic manifestations of psoriatic disease.

Blood to skin recirculation could play a role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. To investigate this possibility we dissected the phenotype of circulating T cells in psoriasis patients, calculated the correlation the clinical parameters of the disease and performed a parallel bioinformatics analysis of gene expression data in psoriatic skin. We found that circulating CCR6 CD4 T and T cells significantly correlated with systemic inflammation.

A role for CCR5(+)CD4 T cells in cutaneous psoriasis and for CD103(+) CCR4(+) CD8 Teff cells in the associated systemic inflammation.

Recent results have identified critical components of the T cell response involved in the initiation and amplification phases of psoriasis. However the link between T cell responses arising in the skin and the systemic inflammation associated with severe psoriasis is largely unknown. We hypothesized that specific subsets of memory T cells recirculating from the skin could play a role.

Inhibition of CCR7/CCL19 axis in lesional skin is a critical event for clinical remission induced by TNF blockade in patients with psoriasis.

Despite the evidence that tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors block TNF and the downstream inflammatory cascade, their primary mechanism of action in inhibiting the self-sustaining pathogenic cycle in psoriasis is not completely understood. This study has the aim to identify early critical events for the resolution of inflammation in skin lesions using anti-TNF therapy. We used a translational approach that correlates gene expression fold change in lesional skin with the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index score decrease induced by TNF blockade after 4 weeks of treatment.

Traditional systemic treatment of psoriasis.

Psoriasis is an inflammatory skin disease with a chronic relapsing course. In about 20%-30% of psoriatic patients, disease severity requires systemic treatment, which carries a huge economic and management burden for the healthcare system. The decision to employ systemic treatment, reserved for severe or extensive forms, needs to be weighed carefully and is influenced by factors from the host.