New data on the distribution and microphotographs of radiolarians in the bottom surface sediments of the North Pacific and Bering Sea obtained within the KALMAR II and INOPEX projects.

We present an extensive dataset on the modern radiolarian distribution in new samples of the surface sediments from the North Pacific and Bering Sea north of 38°N. Samples came from the RV Sonne cruises SO201-2 and SO202-1 in 2009 within the KALMAR II and INOPEX projects (Dullo et al., 2009, Gersonde, 2012).

The seasonal sea-ice zone in the glacial Southern Ocean as a carbon sink.

Reduced surface-deep ocean exchange and enhanced nutrient consumption by phytoplankton in the Southern Ocean have been linked to lower glacial atmospheric CO2. However, identification of the biological and physical conditions involved and the related processes remains incomplete. Here we specify Southern Ocean surface-subsurface contrasts using a new tool, the combined oxygen and silicon isotope measurement of diatom and radiolarian opal, in combination with numerical simulations.