Incidence and Risk Factors of Delayed Intracranial Hemorrhage in Anticoagulated Head Trauma Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objectives: This study aims to provide a current and comprehensive analysis of the incidence of delayed intracerebral hemorrhage (dICH) in head trauma patients on oral anticoagulants (ACs) and to evaluate various potential risk factors.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology guidelines. PubMed and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched for studies on dICH in anticoagulated head trauma patients undergoing repeat computed tomography scans.

Triclosan administration to humanized UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1 neonatal mice induces UGT1A1 through a dependence on PPARα and ATF4.

Triclosan (TCS) is an antimicrobial toxicant found in a myriad of consumer products and has been detected in human tissues, including breastmilk. We have evaluated the impact of lactational TCS on UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 (UGT1A1) expression and bilirubin metabolism in humanized UGT1 (hUGT1) neonatal mice. In hUGT1 mice, expression of the hepatic UGT1A1 gene is developmentally delayed resulting in elevated total serum bilirubin (TSB) levels.

Establishment of a Human Immunocompetent 3D Tissue Model to Enable the Long-Term Examination of Biofilm-Tissue Interactions.

Different studies suggest an impact of biofilms on carcinogenic lesion formation in varying human tissues. However, the mechanisms of cancer formation are difficult to examine in vivo as well as in vitro. Cell culture approaches, in most cases, are unable to keep a bacterial steady state without any overgrowth.

Effects of Early Life Oral Arsenic Exposure on Intestinal Tract Development and Lipid Homeostasis in Neonatal Mice: Implications for NAFLD Development.

Background: Newborns can be exposed to inorganic arsenic (iAs) through contaminated drinking water, formula, and other infant foods. Epidemiological studies have demonstrated a positive association between urinary iAs levels and the risk of developing nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) among U.S.

Oral arsenic administration to humanizedUDP-glucuronosyltransferase1 neonatal mice induces UGT1A1 through a dependence on Nrf2 and PXR.

Inorganic arsenic (iAs) is an environmental toxicant that can lead to severe health consequences, which can be exacerbated if exposure occurs early in development. Here, we evaluated the impact of oral iAs treatment on UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 (UGT1A1) expression and bilirubin metabolism in humanized UGT1 (hUGT1) mice. We found that oral administration of iAs to neonatal hUGT1 mice that display severe neonatal hyperbilirubinemia leads to induction of intestinal UGT1A1 and a reduction in total serum bilirubin values.

Technological Pathways to Produce Compressed and Highly Pure Hydrogen from Solar Power.

Hydrogen (H ) produced from renewables will have a growing impact on the global energy dynamics towards sustainable and carbon-neutral standards. The share of green H is still too low to meet the net-zero target, while the demand for high-quality hydrogen continues to rise. These factors amplify the need for economically viable H generation technologies.

Chronic estrone exposure affects spermatogenesis and sperm quality in zebrafish (Danio rerio).

Estrone (E1) is a common environmental contaminant found in rivers and streams due to the farming of animals, such as swine and cattle. Our study evaluated the effects of chronic E1 exposure at environmentally relevant concentrations on spermatogenesis and the semen quality of zebrafish (Danio rerio). We exposed the fish to E1 at concentrations of 20, 200, and 2000 ng/L diluted in 0.

Intersexual Twins due to Tetragametic Chimerism.

Disorders of or differences in sexual development (DSD) are defined by congenital conditions in which development of chromosomal, gonadal, or anatomic sex are atypical. Here, we report on monochorionic diamniotic twins delivered by caesarean section in the 36th week of pregnancy. Monochorionic twins are usually monozygous and thus should have the same sexual differentiation.

Comparative reproductive biology of two sympatric Hypostomus in a Neotropical river.

Congeneric species often coexist in sympatry using behavioral and morphological adaptations to reduce competition and interspecific interference, but reproductive patterns behind coexistence remain unknown. We analyzed the gonadal morphology and development, reproductive cycle, and population structure of two sympatric congeneric fishes to evaluate the degree of overlap and differentiation of the reproductive biology between species in a Neotropical river. Development of testes and ovaries were similar between species, both showing asynchronous gonadal development, large diameter of gametes and synthesis of mucosubstances by follicle cells to form adhesive eggs.

Effects of temperature manipulation on gamete development and reproductive activity in the farmed catfish Lophiosilurus alexandri.

Temperature is a critical factor for fish management, especially during breeding season. This study evaluated gametogenesis and gonadal maturation in the catfish Lophiosilurus alexandri under farming conditions in two temperatures. The fish were divided in the following experimental groups: (S0) control group, before starting the experiment, (S1) 30 days at 23 °C, (S2) 70 days at 23 °C, (S3) 30 days at 27 °C, and (S4) 70 days at 27 °C.

Adverse effects of herbicides in freshwater Neotropical fish: A review.

Although herbicides have been developed to act on the physiological processes of plants, they are responsible for causing deleterious effects on animals. These chemical compounds are widely used throughout the world, but especially in countries that export agricultural products such as Central and South America, their use has increased in recent years. Aquatic environments are natural reservoirs of herbicides, which after being applied on crops, run off through the soil reaching rivers, lakes, and oceans.

Lactational delivery of Triclosan promotes non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in newborn mice.

Here we show that Triclosan (TCS), a high-volume antimicrobial additive that has been detected in human breastmilk, can be efficiently transferred by lactation to newborn mice, causing significant fatty liver (FL) during the suckling period. These findings are relevant since pediatric non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is escalating in the United States, with a limited mechanistic understanding. Lactational delivery stimulated hepatosteatosis, triglyceride accumulation, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, signs of inflammation, and liver fibrosis.

Single-Molecule Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Using Wide-Field and Confocal-Laser Scanning Microscopy: A Comparative Analysis.

A recent addition to the toolbox of super-resolution microscopy methods is fluorescence-lifetime single-molecule localization microscopy (FL-SMLM). The synergy of SMLM and fluorescence-lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) combines superior image resolution with lifetime information and can be realized using two complementary experimental approaches: confocal-laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) or wide-field microscopy. Here, we systematically and comprehensively compare these two novel FL-SMLM approaches in different spectral regions.

The First Neocentric, Discontinuous, and Complex Small Supernumerary Marker Chromosome Composed of 7 Euchromatic Blocks Derived from 5 Different Chromosomes.

Background: The majority of small supernumerary marker chromosomes (sSMCs) are derived from one single chromosome. Complex sSMCs instead consist of two to three genomic segments, originating from different chromosomes. Additionally, discontinuous sSMCs have been seen; however, all of them are derived from one single chromosome.

Reducing Impedance at a Li-Metal Anode/Garnet-Type Electrolyte Interface Implementing Chemically Resolvable In Layers.

Garnet-type LiLaZrO (LLZO) is a potential electrolyte material for all-solid-state Li-ion batteries mainly because of its reported excellent chemical stability in contact with Li metal. But good wettability of LLZO and 100% surface coverage of lithium are still a challenge. This study elucidated the suitability of magnetron-sputtered indium in Li(In)/LLZO/Li(In) symmetrical model cells as one of the promising interfacial modifications reported in the literature.

The metabolite p-cresol impairs dendritic development, synaptogenesis, and synapse function in hippocampal neurons: Implications for autism spectrum disorder.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous neurodevelopment disorder resulting from different etiological factors, both genetic and/or environmental. These factors can lead to abnormal neuronal development on dendrite and synaptic function at the central nervous system. Recent studies have shown that a subset of ASD patients display increased circulation levels of the tyrosine metabolite, p-cresol, related to chronic intestinal disorders because of dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota.

Angular stable locking in a novel intramedullary nail improves construct stability in a distal tibia fracture model.

Introduction: Intramedullary nails are frequently used for treatment of unstable distal tibia fractures. However, insufficient fixation of the distal fragment could result in delayed healing, malunion or nonunion. Recently, a novel concept for angular stable nailing was developed that maintains the principle of relative stability and introduces improvements expected to reduce nail toggling, screw migration and secondary loss of reduction.

Intestinal UDP-Glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 and Protection against Irinotecan-Induced Toxicity in a Novel UDP-Glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 Tissue-Specific Humanized Mouse Model.

The human UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) represent an important family of drug-metabolizing enzymes, with UGT1A1 targeting the conjugation and detoxification of many exogenous substances, including pharmaceutical drugs. In this study we generated humanized UGT1A1 mice expressing the human gene in either liver ( ) or intestine ( ), enabling experiments to examine tissue-specific properties of UGT1A1-specific glucuronidation. Hepatic and intestinal tissue-specific expression and function of UGT1A1 were demonstrated.

Impact of Bone Cement Augmentation on the Fixation Strength of TFNA Blades and Screws.

Hip fractures constitute the most debilitating complication of osteoporosis with steadily increasing incidences in the aging population. Their intramedullary nailing can be challenging because of poor anchorage in the osteoporotic femoral head. Cement augmentation of Proximal Femoral Nail Antirotation (PFNA) blades demonstrated promising results by enhancing cut-out resistance in proximal femoral fractures.

Biomarker responses induced by bisphenol A on spermatogenesis in a Neotropical teleost fish are temperature-dependent.

Bisphenol A (BPA) is an organic synthetic compound used in the plastic industry with endocrine disrupting activity. Although it is frequently found in surface waters, few studies have investigated its impact on fish gametogenesis, particularly when associated with natural stressors. In this regard, the present study evaluated BPA toxicity on spermatogenesis in the lambari Astyanax bimaculatus under controlled conditions and its interactive effects with water temperature.

Potential of therapeutic bile acids in the treatment of neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia.

Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia or jaundice is associated with kernicterus, resulting in permanent neurological damage or even death. Conventional phototherapy does not prevent hyperbilirubinemia or eliminate the need for exchange transfusion. Here we investigated the potential of therapeutic bile acids ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) and obeticholic acid (OCA, 6-α-ethyl-CDCA), a farnesoid-X-receptor (FXR) agonist, as preventive treatment options for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia using the hUGT1*1 humanized mice and Ugt1a-deficient Gunn rats.

Scale up of Transmembrane NADH Oxidation in Synthetic Giant Vesicles.

The transfer of electrons across and along biological membranes drives the cellular energetics. In the context of artificial cells, it can be mimicked by minimal means, while using synthetic alternatives of the phospholipid bilayer and the electron-transducing proteins. Furthermore, the scaling up to biologically relevant and optically accessible dimensions may provide further insight and allow assessment of individual events but has been rarely attempted so far.

Evaluation of the oestrogenic potential of oestrone and bisphenol-A on the reproduction of Astyanax bimaculatus males after subacute exposure.

In the last decades, oestrogenic compounds have often been reported in environmentally relevant concentrations in aquatic environments around the world. Most laboratory studies of oestrogens try to understand the effects of a single contaminant, but in natural environments, the effects may be quite different due to interactions with other compounds. The present study aimed to compare the action of oestrone (E1) and bisphenol-A (BPA), acting singularly and in combination, on the spermatogenesis of Astyanax bimaculatus.