Posterior-Medial Meniscal Root Repair Through Lateral Tibial Tunnel Combined With Medial Opening Osteotomy and Homologous Graft.

When there is a rupture in the meniscal roots or close to them, the menisci suddenly and considerably reduce their capacity to absorb the axial mechanical load that passes through the knee, quickly leading to the development of a process of chondral degeneration. The varus deformity of the lower limb (when the mechanical axis crosses the medial compartment of the knee) favors this type of injury owing to the overload in the medial compartment. When the patient has both varus deformity and medial meniscal posterior root injury, there is a clear indication for surgical realignment of the affected lower limb.

Periprosthetic Knee Infection - Part 1: Risk Factors, Classification and Diagnosis.

Infection is one of the most feared complications in the postoperative period of knee arthroplasties. With the progressive aging of the population and the increased incidence of degenerative joint diseases, there is an exponential increase in the number of arthroplasties performed and, consequently, in the number of postoperative infections. The diagnosis of these should follow a hierarchical protocol, with well-defined criteria, which lead to diagnostic conclusion, thus guiding the most appropriate treatment.

Periprosthetic Knee Infection - Part 2: Treatment.

Several treatment modalities are proposed for periprosthetic infections, with variable success rates. However, efficacy is related to the appropriate selection of cases for each type of treatment. Debridement with implant retention is indicated in acute infections with fixed implant, and its success depends on the type of infection, comorbidities of the host, and virulence of the etiological agent.

Meniscal Root Repair Alone or Combined with Different Procedures After at Least 6 Months of Follow-Up: A Series of Cases.

Purpose: To analyze clinical and functional outcomes of patients submitted to posterior meniscal root repair of the medial or lateral meniscus in different settings, with at least 6 months of follow-up.

Patients And Methods: Retrospective multicentric study assessing epidemiological characteristics and clinical-functional results of 22 patients who underwent meniscal root reinsertion (MRR) by transtibial technique. This study addressed different settings: isolated medial root repair, medial root repair associated with high tibial osteotomy (HTO) and lateral root repair associated with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction.

Pre-operative templating for knee arthroplasty shows low accuracy with standard X-rays.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy and reliability of pre-operative templating in predicting the size of femoral and tibial components and the effect of coronal deformity on templating accuracy.

Methods: This was a retrospective study of 39 pre-operative templates prepared by three different surgeons with different levels of training. The accuracy and reliability measures were evaluated by alpha and kappa coefficients of agreement.

Viscosupplementation in patients with severe osteoarthritis of the knee: six month follow-up of a randomized, double-blind clinical trial.

Purpose: To analyze the early outcomes of viscosupplementation in patients with severe knee osteoarthritis.

Method: A randomized, double-blind clinical trial of 143 knees divided into three groups: Group 1 - intra-articular injection of triamcinolone; Group 2 - hylan GF20; and Group 3 - triamcinolone + hylan GF20. Outcomes were evaluated using Lysholm and KSS scores before treatment and after one, three and six months.

Radiographic analysis of factors predisposing toward tendon tears in the knee extensor mechanism.

Objectives: to review radiographs of patients who suffered tendon tears of the knee extensor apparatus and observe alterations that might be factors predisposing toward this type of injury.

Methods: we retrospectively analyzed 60 cases of injury to the knee extensor mechanism that were treated surgically at the Miguel Couto Municipal Hospital between March 2004 and March 2011. Four patients were excluded due to poor quality of the examination.