German centralization strategy during COVID-19: Continuing or interrupting a trend?

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, many countries applied centralization strategies to the distribution of power between national government and regional/local governments over responsibility for regulatory tasks. As a result, health-policy decision-making competences were shifted from the regional level to the national level (vertical shift of decision-making competences). This centralization trend for the purpose of infection control is evident in Germany.

Digital ergonomics and digital work planning in university education: experiences from Germany and Austria.

The publication presents an overview of the use of digital human models (DHM) in academic education at five exemplary universities in Germany and Austria. In addition to the presentation of different human models, the integration of them into the respective lectures is discussed. The teaching concepts of the individual courses of the universities, exercise examples and scenarios are presented.

Unsymmetrical N-Aryl-1-(pyridin-2-yl)methanimine Ligands in Organonickel(II) Complexes: More Than a Blend of 2,2'-Bipyridine and N,N-Diaryl-α-diimines?

The new organonickel complexes [(R-PyMA)Ni(Mes)X] [R-PyMA = N-aryl-1-(pyridin-2-yl)methanimine; aryl = phenyl, 2,6-Me-, 3,5-Me-, 2,4,6-Me-, 2,6-Pr-, 3,5-(OMe)-, 2-NO-4-Me-, 4-NO-, 2-CF-, and 2-CF-6-F-phenyl; Mes = 2,4,6-trimethylphenyl; X = F, Cl, Br, or I] were obtained as approximate 1/1 cis and trans isomeric mixtures or pure cis isomers depending on the PyMA ligand and X. The [(R-PyMA)Ni(Mes)X] complexes with X = Br or Cl were directly synthesized from the precursors trans-[(PPh)Ni(Mes)X], while [(PyMA)Ni(Mes)X] derivatives with X = F or I were obtained from [(PyMA)Ni(Mes)Br] through X exchange reactions. Although density functional theory (DFT) calculations show a preference for the sterically favored cis isomers, both isomers could be observed in many cases; in three cases, even single crystals for X-ray diffraction could be obtained for the trans isomers.

Cr/Ni-catalyzed vinylation of aldehydes: a mechanistic study on the catalytic roles of nickel and chromium.

The roles of nickel and chromium catalysts in the coupling reaction of vinyl halides and aldehydes, the so-called Nozaki-Hiyama-Kishi (NHK) reaction, have been studied by UV/Vis spectroscopy, electrochemical, and spectroelectrochemical methods. Electrochemical studies revealed that nickel plays the central role in activating the vinyl halide by reductive cleavage, to form a rapidly decomposing vinyl-Ni species. The latter can, however, be stabilized in the presence of the Cr complex.

Electrochemistry and spectroscopy of organometallic terpyridine nickel complexes.

Organonickel complexes [(R'terpy)Ni(aryl)]X (R'terpy = derivatives of 2,2';6',2''-terpyridine; aryl = 2,6-dimethylphenyl = Xyl or 2,4,6-trimethylphenyl = Mes; X = Br or PF(6)) have been investigated by multiple electrochemical methods as well as combined electrochemical/spectroscopic techniques (spectroelectrochemistry). Reversible electrochemical reduction fills successively pi* orbitals in the terpy ligand. Some of the occurring species were characterized spectroscopically (EPR and UV/vis/NIR spectroelectrochemistry).

Halide ligand-more than just sigma-donors? A structural and spectroscopic study of homologous organonickel complexes.

The isoleptic organonickel complexes [(bpy)Ni(Mes)X] (bpy ) 2,2'-bipyridine; Mes ) 2,4,6-trimethylphenyl; X ) F,Cl, Br, or I, and for comparison X ) OMe and SCN) have been investigated by multiple spectroscopic means.Their structures have been determined in part by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, the full series by extended X-ray absorption fine structure. The long-wavelength charge transfer absorptions (mainly metal-to-ligand charge transfer)obtain contributions from the mesityl coligand but are almost invariable upon variation of X.