Plasmatic Klotho and FGF23 Levels as Biomarkers of CKD-Associated Cardiac Disease in Type 2 Diabetic Patients.

Background: Research over the past decade has focused on the role of Klotho as a cardio protective agent that prevents the effects of aging on the heart and reduces the burden of cardiovascular disease CVD. The role of the interaction between fibroblast growth factor 23-(FGF-23)/Klotho in Klotho-mediated actions is still under debate. The main objective was to ascertain the potential use of plasmatic Klotho and FGF23 as markers for CKD-associated cardiac disease and mortality.

Klotho levels: association with insulin resistance and albumin-to-creatinine ratio in type 2 diabetic patients.

Purpose: The present study aimed at evaluating the relationship between Klotho levels and insulin resistance and albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) in type 2 diabetic patients with CKD.

Methods: We conducted an observational, cross-sectional study in our outpatient diabetic nephropathy clinic from 2014 to 2016, enrolling a total of 107 type 2 diabetic patients with stage 2-3 CKD, with a mean age of 59 years. Several clinical and laboratorial parameters were evaluated, including those related to mineral and carbohydrate metabolism.

Altered serum levels of FGF-23 and magnesium are independent risk factors for an increased albumin-to-creatinine ratio in type 2 diabetics with chronic kidney disease.

Aims: To investigate the role of FGF-23 and magnesium in relation to the albumin-to-creatinine ratio in type 2 diabetics with chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages 2-4.

Methods: In a cross-sectional study we included all eligible type 2 diabetic patients with CKD stages 2-4, followed in our outpatient Diabetic Kidney clinic. We used descriptive statistics, the Student'st-test, ANOVA and the chi-square tests.

Low Magnesium Levels and FGF-23 Dysregulation Predict Mitral Valve Calcification as well as Intima Media Thickness in Predialysis Diabetic Patients.

Background. Mitral valve calcification and intima media thickness (IMT) are common complications of chronic kidney disease (CKD) implicated with high cardiovascular mortality. Objective.

Insulin resistance as a predictor of cardiovascular morbidity and end-stage renal disease.

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the main risk factor of morbidity and mortality in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Insulin resistance (IR) has been reported to be a strong risk factor for CVD. The purpose of this study was to examine the usefulness of IR as a predictor of cardiovascular morbidity and end-stage renal disease (ESRD).

Magnesium and FGF-23 are independent predictors of pulse pressure in pre-dialysis diabetic chronic kidney disease patients.

Background: The aim of our study was to evaluate the relevance of magnesium and FGF-23 in terms of cardiovascular disease in a population of type 2 diabetic patients with nephropathy.

Methods: In a cross-sectional study, we included 80 type 2 diabetic patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages 2, 3 and 4. We analysed mineral metabolism, inflammation, oxidative stress and insulin resistance.

What is the role of apelin regarding cardiovascular risk and progression of renal disease in type 2 diabetic patients with diabetic nephropathy?

Aims: To evaluate the association of different apelin levels with cardiovascular mortality, hospitalization, renal function, and cardiovascular risk factors in type 2 diabetic patients with mild to moderate CKD.

Methods: An observational, prospective study involving 150 patients divided into groups according to baseline apelin levels: 1 ≤ 98 pg/mL, 2 = 98-328 pg/mL, and 3 ≥ 329 pg/mL. Baseline characteristics were analyzed and compared.

Phosphorus as an early marker of morbidity and mortality in type 2 chronic kidney disease diabetic patients.

Aims: To evaluate the association of different phosphorus levels with cardiovascular mortality and hospitalizations risk in type-2 diabetic patients in phase 3/4 of CKD.

Methods: An observational, prospective study involving 119 patients divided into groups according to baseline phosphorus levels: 1, ≤3.60 mg/dL; 2, 3.

Long-term risk of mortality for acute kidney injury in HIV-infected patients: a cohort analysis.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in hospitalized human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients and is associated with hospital mortality. We aimed to evaluate the impact of AKI on long-term mortality of hospitalized HIV-infected patients.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of a cohort of 433 hospitalized HIV-infected patients who were discharged alive from the hospital.