Sporotrichosis during pregnancy: A retrospective study of 58 cases in a reference center from 1998 to 2023.

Background: Pregnant women constitute a vulnerable population occasionally affected by zoonotic sporotrichosis. Treatment is challenging due to potentially teratogenic oral medications (itraconazole and saturated potassium iodide solution) or lack of clinical experience during pregnancy (terbinafine). Literature is scarce on sporotrichosis and pregnancy, mainly consisting of case reports.

Clinical-Laboratory Outcome of . Multifocal Choroiditis in Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Patients.

Purpose: This study aims to describe the clinical and laboratory outcomes of patients with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) presenting multifocal choroiditis secondary to . infection.

Methods: We reviewed the clinical records of AIDS patients diagnosed with cryptococcal multifocal choroiditis at the Laboratory of Infectious Disease in Ophthalmology, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, from January 2022 to March 2024.

Cutting-edge issues in sympathetic ophthalmia approach and six case reports: a T cell-mediated autoimmune response.

Sympathetic ophthalmia is a rare and potentially devastating bilateral diffuse granulomatous panuveitis. It is caused by surgical or non-surgical eye injuries and is an uncommon and serious complication of trauma. It is diagnosed clinically and supported by imaging examinations such as ocular ultrasonography and optical coherence tomography.

Bilateral acute depigmentation of the iris (BADI) and bilateral acute iris transillumination (BAIT): A case series from a center in Brazil.

Bilateral acute depigmentation of the iris and bilateral acute iris transillumination (BAIT) are similar clinical entities. The former causes acute-onset depigmentation of the iris stroma without transillumination, whereas the latter causes depigmentation of the iris pigment epithelium with transillumination. The etiopathogenesis of these conditions is not yet fully understood, but the proposed causes include the use of systemic antibiotics (especially moxifloxacin) and viral triggers.

Pediatric Posterior Infectious Uveitis.

Purpose: To describe the most important cause of infectious posterior uveitis in pediatric patients.

Methods: Review of the literature.

Results: The most important causes of infectious uveitis in pediatric patients are: cat-scratch disease, toxocariasis, tuberculosis, viral diseases and toxoplasmosis.

Vitreoretinal Surgery in Uveitis: From Old to New Concepts - A Review.

Purpose: The aim of this article is to do a comprehensive literature review about the current role of pars plana vitrectomy in uveitis and in its different structural complications such as cystoid macular edema, epiretinal membrane, macular hole, and retinal detachment.

Methods: This comprehensive literature review was performed based on a search on PubMed, BioMed Central, Science Open, and CORE databases, of relevant articles abording pars plana vitrectomy in uveitis.

Discussion: Uveitis is a complex disease with multiple etiologies and pathogenic mechanisms.

Optical coherence tomography findings in fungal uveitis.

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to describe the vitreal, retinal, and choroidal features of eyes affected by endogenous endophthalmitis (EE) and evaluate the effects of systemic antifungal drug treatment and pars plana vitrectomy by using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).

Methods: Medical records and SD-OCT images of eyes diagnosed with EE at a single uveitis tertiary referral center in Brazil were acquired at the time of diagnosis, after 7 days of high-dose antifungal drug treatment, and at follow-up assessments performed 30 days after resolution.

Results: Thirteen eyes were enrolled in the study.

Ophthalmic Manifestations of Monkeypox Virus Infection: A Cases Series.

This retrospective case series aims to describe the ophthalmic manifestations of the Monkeypox virus infection in seven patients evaluated in two countries of South America (Colombia and Brazil). Two had skin lesions in the eyelid, and five had conjunctivitis. None had intraocular involvement.

Monkeypox Infection Causing Conjunctival Vesicles and Anterior Uveitis.

Human monkeypox is a zoonosis caused by an and the clinical presentation resembles that of smallpox and chickenpox. The disease may start with a prodrome that includes lymphadenopathy, headache, fatigue, and fever, followed by a vesiculo-pustular rash. Ocular manifestations such as conjunctivitis and edema are present in approximately 20% of affected people, with a greater incidence among unvaccinated patients.

Ocular Toxoplasmosis.

Introduction: Ocular toxoplasmosis is the leading cause of posterior uveitis worldwide, affecting individuals acrossdifferent age groups. The key to reducing vision loss includes prompt diagnosis and treatment. However, despite the prevalence of ocular toxoplasmosis, there has been little consensus regarding its pathophysiology,clinical features, diagnosis, and especially management.

Severe Sporotrichosis Treated with Amphotericin B: A 20-Year Cohort Study in an Endemic Area of Zoonotic Transmission.

Although rare, disseminated sporotrichosis is increasing in several countries. Despite its limiting toxic potential, amphotericin B is the only intravenous antifungal available to treat severe sporotrichosis. We aimed to describe the effectiveness and safety of amphotericin B treatment for severe sporotrichosis.

Bilateral Ampiginous Choroiditis following Confirmed SARS-CoV-2 Infection.

Introduction: Ampiginous Choroiditis is a rare posterior uveitis that combines clinical features of Acute Multifocal Posterior Placoid Pigment Epitheliopathy and Serpiginous Chorioretinitis. Its pathophysiology is poorly understood and further studies are necessary to understand which mechanisms start the immunologic reaction.

Case Report: The purpose of this article is to report a well-documented case of Ampiginous Choroiditis following in seven days a RT-PCR confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, suggesting that the infection might have contributed as a trigger.

Optical Coherence Tomography Findings in Infectious Posterior Uveitis.

Purpose: To describe and illustrate the main optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings of infectious uveitis.

Methods: Narrative review.

Results: Posterior segment OCT in patients with infectious uveitis reveals posterior hyaloid face precipitates, superficial retinal precipitates and infiltrates, foveolitis, retinitis, neuro-retinitis, choroidal granulomas, and choroiditis as main imaging biomarkers.

Ocular Manifestations of Sporotrichosis in a Hyperendemic Region in Brazil: Description of a Series of 120 Cases.

Purpose: To describe 120 cases of ocular sporotrichosis.

Methods: Review of medical records of patients with culture-proven (from eye specimen) ocular sporotrichosis, in Rio de Janeiro, from 2007 to 2017.

Results: Women were more affected (61.

Ophthalmological Findings in Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infection Examined at the National Institute of Infectious Diseases - INI/Fiocruz.

Purpose: To describe the clinical characteristics, severity, and ophthalmological changes in SARS-CoV-2 patients through ophthalmological examinations performed at the reference center of the National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Brazil.

Methods: This cross-sectional study assessed the examination results of SARS-CoV-2 patients from July 2020 to November 2020. In total, 150 patients were included and allocated into three groups of 50 patients depending on the disease severity.

PCR-based diagnosis is not always useful in the acute acquired toxoplasmosis in immunocompetent individuals.

Toxoplasmosis is the most prevalent zoonosis in the world and is associated with a large spectrum of diseases. Acute acquired toxoplasmosis (AAT) is considered a benign and self-limiting disease but severe postnatal infections have been reported, particularly in South America. Laboratory diagnosis is based on the detection of anti-Toxoplasma gondii IgM, IgG, and presence of low IgG avidity.