An experimental and clinical study on the initial experiences of Brazilian vitreoretinal surgeons with heads-up surgery.

Purpose: To evaluate the initial experiences of several vitreoretinal surgeons in Brazil, both experienced and beginners, with a three-dimensional (3D) system, and to report the advantages and disadvantages of this technology. We also report surgical manipulations performed using the heads-up method in porcine eyes. For full-thickness idiopathic macular holes (MHs), we analyzed the times required for pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and internal limiting membrane (ILM) rhexis by using traditional microscopy and 3D system, and to evaluate anatomical surgical results.

Comparison of 3 different anesthetic approaches for intravitreal injections: a prospective randomized trial.

Purpose: To compare the anesthetic effectiveness of topical proparacaine drops, subconjunctival lidocaine, and 2% lidocaine gel.

Methods: Ninety-two patients undergoing intravitreal injections were randomized to 1 of 3 groups: proparacaine 0.5% drops (Group Drops), proparacaine 0.