Effectiveness and Costs of Molecular Screening and Treatment for Bacterial Vaginosis to Prevent Preterm Birth: The AuTop Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a well-known risk factor for preterm birth. Molecular diagnosis of BV is now available. Its impact in the screening and treatment of BV during pregnancy on preterm births has not been evaluated to date.

Two cases of male patients followed for a classical form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), presenting an azoospermia: analysis and review of the literature.

Background: Congenital hyperplasia of the adrenal glands is a rare pathology, which can have an impact on male fertility. We report 2 cases of azoospermia in patients followed for a classical form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

Cases Presentation: 1st case: After 18 months of infertility of the couple, explorations showed a high level of ACTH on the hormonal biological analysis.

Enterobacteria vaginal colonization among patients with preterm premature rupture of membranes from 24 to 34 weeks of gestation and neonatal infection risk.

Aim: Premature rupture of membranes (PROM) increases the neonatal morbidity and mortality, because of its association with a high risk of prematurity and infection. The group B streptococcus (GBS) prophylaxis using amoxicillin doesn't seem to be adapted to the emergence of new bacteria found in vaginal samples (VS). Our study aim was to assess, for PROM occurring at 23-34 weeks' gestation (WG), if the presence of ampicillin-resistant enterobacteria in the vaginal microbiome is predictive of an increased risk of early-onset neonatal infection.

The Pubic Diastasis Measurement, a Key Element for the Diagnosis, Management, and Prognosis of the Bladder Exstrophy.

Objective: To demonstrate the feasibility of measuring the fetal pubic diastasis (PD) distance on antenatal ultrasound in normal fetuses and to compare it to fetuses with bladder exstrophy.

Methods: Firstly, a prospective multicentric study was conducted to determine the feasibility of the PD ultrasound measurement during the second half of pregnancy. Secondly, data from a single center were used to develop a nomogram for PD values in normal fetuses.

Association Between Planned Cesarean Delivery and Neonatal Mortality and Morbidity in Twin Pregnancies.

Objective: To evaluate the association between the planned mode of delivery and neonatal mortality and morbidity in an unselected population of women with twin pregnancies.

Methods: The JUmeaux MODe d'Accouchement (JUMODA) study was a national prospective population-based cohort study. All women with twin pregnancies and their neonates born at or after 32 weeks of gestation with a cephalic first twin were recruited in 176 maternity units in France from February 2014 to March 2015.

Developmental epigenetic programming of adult germ cell death disease: Polycomb protein EZH2-miR-101 pathway.

Aim: The Developmental Origin of Health and Disease refers to the concept that early exposure to toxicants or nutritional imbalances during perinatal life induces changes that enhance the risk of developing noncommunicable diseases in adulthood. Patients/materials & methods: An experimental model with an adult chronic germ cell death phenotype resulting from exposure to a xenoestrogen was used.

Results: A reciprocal negative feedback loop involving decreased EZH2 protein level and increased miR-101 expression was identified.

A prospective study into the benefits of simulation training in teaching obstetric vaginal examination.

Objective: To assess the benefits of incorporating simulations in obstetric vaginal-examination training.

Methods: A single-center, randomized, prospective study was conducted in a French University Hospital. Medical students without obstetric experience were assigned, by simple random sampling, to perform either 10 or 30 vaginal-examination training procedures using a simulator.

Development and validation of an objective structured assessment of technical skill tool for the practice of breech presentation delivery.

Objective: To develop and test the validity of an Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skills (OSATS) tool for breech presentation delivery.

Materials And Methods: Monocentric prospective study conducted in the Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics, Fetal Medicine and Reproductive Medicine at the University Hospital of Nice. The study consisted of two parts, the development of the OSATS scoring system and its objective validation.

Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy for the treatment of recurrent ovarian cancer in elderly women.

Our aim was to evaluate the morbidity and survival associated with combined cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) in the treatment of recurrent ovarian cancer for patients aged 70 years and older. We conducted a monocentric study in a French university hospital and collected data on 15 women aged ≥ 70 years, treated by cytoreduction and HIPEC for ovarian cancer relapse. The median overall survival was 35 months, with a median disease-free survival of 15.

In vitro fertilization versus conversion to intrauterine insemination in Bologna-criteria poor responders: how to decide which option?

Objective: To compare the continuation of in vitro fertilization (IVF) with the conversion to intrauterine insemination (IUI) in cases of suboptimal ovarian response in Bologna-criteria poor responders.

Design: Retrospective and multicenter comparative study.

Setting: Three academic fertility centers and a fertility private clinic.

Development and validation of an objective structured assessment of technical skill tool for the practice of vertex presentation delivery.

Objective: To develop and test the validity of an objective structured assessment of technical skill (OSATS) tool for vertex presentation delivery simulations.

Materials And Methods: Monocentric prospective study conducted in the Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics, Fetal Medicine and Reproductive Biology at the University Hospital of Nice. The study consisted of two parts, the development of the scoring system and then its validation.

Cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy for the treatment of endometrial cancer with peritoneal carcinomatosis.

Objective: To investigate the benefit of cytoreductive surgery combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) for the treatment of endometrial peritoneal carcinomatosis.

Study Design: Preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative data were collected prospectively for 13 patients treated in our University hospital.

Results: Of the thirteen patients treated, one patient was lost to follow up.

Obstetric management does not influence vertical transmission of HCV infection: results of the ALHICE group study.

Objective: To investigate the impact of variation in obstetric practice during labor and childbirth upon the rate of neonatal transmission of HCV.

Methods: Pregnant mothers were included in this prospective study from six hospitals in Southern France on the basis of positive HCV serology. Data recorded for the study included maternal factors, delivery details and laboratory data concerning mother and child.

Relative impact of iodine supplementation and maternal smoking on cord blood thyroglobulin in pregnant women with normal thyroid function.

Objective: To assess the impact on cord blood (CB) thyroglobulin (Tg) of early iodine supplementation during pregnancy.

Methods: A total of 111 healthy pregnant women with normal thyroid function were included in a prospective randomized study and divided into two groups with (150 μg/day) or without iodine supplementation started during the first trimester. Maternal smoking was assessed qualitatively by self-reported statements and quantitatively by cotininuria.

Thirteen cases of isolated tubal torsions associated with hydrosalpinx in children and adolescents, proposal for conservative management: retrospective review and literature survey.

Background/purpose: Isolated tubal torsion associated with hydrosalpinx is a rare pathology. Our goal was to analyze the clinical and imaging features and discuss the different treatment options available.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed all the cases of adnexal torsion treated in our department of pediatric surgery over a 10-year period.

Exposure to selected endocrine disruptors and neonatal outcome of 86 healthy boys from Nice area (France).

In utero and lactational exposure to endocrine disruptors is thought to be potentially harmful on fetal and infant development. Data of exposure in France is scarce. This is a prospective study with (1) collection of 84 cord bloods (CB) and 69 milks from 86 mothers delivering healthy boys (gestational age >or= 34 weeks) at two maternity wards in Southern France, between 2002 and 2005 and (2) screening for 15 xenobiotics with anti-androgenic and/or estrogenic effects: DDE, 7 PCBs, dibutylphthalate and its metabolite mBP, HCB, lindane, linuron, procymidone and vinclozoline.

Spatula-assisted deliveries: a large cohort of 1065 cases.

Objective: To analyze neonatal and maternal complications of operative vaginal delivery using spatulas.

Study Design: We conducted a retrospective observational study of 1065 consecutive spatula-assisted deliveries at Nice University Hospital from 2003 through 2006, excluding stillbirths and breech deliveries. After univariate analysis, we performed logistic regression analysis to assess risk factors for severe perineal injuries and vaginal lacerations.

MR features of the levator ani muscle in the immediate postpartum following cesarean delivery.

Introduction And Hypothesis: We wanted to show that at the time of cesarean delivery, the active process of labor itself was sufficient to create early alterations of the pelvic floor musculature as detectable via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods: Thirty primipara patients underwent pelvic MRI between the second and third day after cesarean delivery. Ten patients had a cesarean without labor while 20 patients underwent urgent cesarean delivery after the onset of labor.

Does placenta position modify the risk of placental abruption in car crashes?

The goal of this paper is to study the influence of placenta position on the risk of placenta abruption following a car crash involving a full term pregnant woman in the driver's seat. We developed an anatomically precise finite element numerical model of a pregnant woman. This numerical model was validated using experimental data from crash tests using cadavers given to science.

Obstetrical prognosis and pregnancy outcome following pelvic arterial embolisation for post-partum hemorrhage.

Post-partum hemorrhage is an obstetrical emergency. Pelvic artery embolisation offers an alternative to surgical intervention and increases the rate of conservative treatment. The objective of this review was to study the scientific literature on obstetrical outcomes following uterine-sparing arterial embolisation performed for post-partum hemorrhage in a prior pregnancy.

Amniocentesis and mother-to-child human immunodeficiency virus transmission in the Agence Nationale de Recherches sur le SIDA et les Hépatites Virales French Perinatal Cohort.

Objective: The objective of the study was to investigate whether performing an amniocentesis increased mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 (MTCT).

Study Design: We studied HIV -1 infected mothers and their children enrolled in the multicenter French Perinatal HIV Cohort from 1985 to 2006.

Results: One hundred sixty-six amniocenteses were performed among 9302 singleton pregnancies, the proportion increasing from 1.