Olfactory genes affect major depression in highly educated, emotionally stable, lean women: a bridge between animal models and precision medicine.

Most current approaches to establish subgroups of depressed patients for precision medicine aim to rely on biomarkers that require highly specialized assessment. Our present aim was to stratify participants of the UK Biobank cohort based on three readily measurable common independent risk factors, and to investigate depression genomics in each group to discover common and separate biological etiology. Two-step cluster analysis was run separately in males (n = 149,879) and females (n = 174,572), with neuroticism (a tendency to experience negative emotions), body fat percentage, and years spent in education as input variables.

Genetic risk of depression is different in subgroups of dietary ratio of tryptophan to large neutral amino acids.

Manipulation of intake of serotonin precursor tryptophan has been exploited to rapidly induce and alleviate depression symptoms. While studies show that this latter effect is dependent on genetic vulnerability to depression, the effect of habitual tryptophan intake in the context of predisposing genetic factors has not been explored. Our aim was to investigate the effect of habitual tryptophan intake on mood symptoms and to determine the effect of risk variants on depression in those with high and low tryptophan intake in the whole genome and specifically in serotonin and kynurenine pathways.

A replication study separates polymorphisms behind migraine with and without depression.

The largest migraine genome-wide association study identified 38 candidate loci. In this study we assessed whether these results replicate on a gene level in our European cohort and whether effects are altered by lifetime depression. We tested SNPs of the loci and their vicinity with or without interaction with depression in regression models.

Biology of Perseverative Negative Thinking: The Role of Timing and Folate Intake.

Past-oriented rumination and future-oriented worry are two aspects of perseverative negative thinking related to the neuroticism endophenotype and associated with depression and anxiety. Our present aim was to investigate the genomic background of these two aspects of perseverative negative thinking within separate groups of individuals with suboptimal versus optimal folate intake. We conducted a genome-wide association study in the UK Biobank database ( = 72,621) on the "rumination" and "worry" items of the Eysenck Personality Inventory Neuroticism scale in these separate groups.

Genetic effects on educational attainment in Hungary.

Introduction: Educational attainment is a substantially heritable trait, and it has recently been linked to specific genetic variants by genome-wide association studies (GWASs). However, the effects of such genetic variants are expected to vary across environments, including countries and historical eras.

Methods: We used polygenic scores (PGSs) to assess molecular genetic effects on educational attainment in Hungary, a country in the Central Eastern European region where behavioral genetic studies are in general scarce and molecular genetic studies of educational attainment have not been previously published.

Catenin Alpha 2 May Be a Biomarker or Potential Drug Target in Psychiatric Disorders with Perseverative Negative Thinking.

AlphaN-catenin gene has been implicated in intrauterine brain development, as well as in several psychiatric disorders and cardiovascular diseases. Our present aim was to investigate gene-wide associations of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with psychiatric and cardiovascular risk factors to test the potential mediating role of rumination, a perseverative negative thinking phenotype in these associations. Linear mixed regression models were run by FaST-LMM within a sample of 795 individuals from the Budakalasz Health Examination Survey.

Genetic underpinnings of affective temperaments: a pilot GWAS investigation identifies a new genome-wide significant SNP for anxious temperament in ADGRB3 gene.

Although recently a large-sample GWASs identified significant loci in the background of depression, the heterogeneity of the depressive phenotype and the lack of accurate phenotyping hinders applicability of findings. We carried out a pilot GWAS with in-depth phenotyping of affective temperaments, considered as subclinical manifestations and high-risk states for affective disorders, in a general population sample of European origin. Affective temperaments were measured by TEMPS-A.

Genome-wide association analysis reveals KCTD12 and miR-383-binding genes in the background of rumination.

Ruminative response style is a passive and repetitive way of responding to stress, associated with several disorders. Although twin and candidate gene studies have proven the genetic underpinnings of rumination, no genome-wide association study (GWAS) has been conducted yet. We performed a GWAS on ruminative response style and its two subtypes, brooding and reflection, among 1758 European adults recruited in the general population of Budapest, Hungary, and Manchester, United Kingdom.

From genomes to diaries: a 3-year prospective, real-life study of ragweed-specific sublingual immunotherapy.

During the last decades, the prevalence of allergy has dramatically increased. Allergen-specific immunotherapy is the only currently available medical intervention that has the potential to affect the natural course of the disease, but there are still many questions and unmet needs hindering its widespread use to fulfill its treatment potential and maximize its benefits for the society. To provide a comprehensive phenome-wide overview in sublingual immunotherapy, using ragweed allergy as a target, we planned and carried out a longitudinal, prospective, observational, open-label study (DesensIT).

Bayesian systems-based genetic association analysis with effect strength estimation and omic wide interpretation: a case study in rheumatoid arthritis.

Rich dependency structures are often formed in genetic association studies between the phenotypic, clinical, and environmental descriptors. These descriptors may not be standardized, and may encompass various disease definitions and clinical endpoints which are only weakly influenced by various (e.g.

Evaluation of a partial genome screening of two asthma susceptibility regions using bayesian network based bayesian multilevel analysis of relevance.

Genetic studies indicate high number of potential factors related to asthma. Based on earlier linkage analyses we selected the 11q13 and 14q22 asthma susceptibility regions, for which we designed a partial genome screening study using 145 SNPs in 1201 individuals (436 asthmatic children and 765 controls). The results were evaluated with traditional frequentist methods and we applied a new statistical method, called bayesian network based bayesian multilevel analysis of relevance (BN-BMLA).

A novel galectin-1 and interleukin 2 receptor β haplotype is associated with autoimmune myasthenia gravis.

Galectin-1 (LGALS1) and interleukin receptor 2β (IL2Rβ) are regulators of T-cell activation. Here we evaluated the association of regulatory region polymorphisms of the LGALS1 (rs4820293, rs4820294) and IL2Rβ (rs743777, rs228941) genes in 146 Caucasian myasthenia gravis patients compared to 291 ethnically matched controls. A significant difference was found in the distribution of the rs4820293/rs743777 polymorphism haplotypes (p<0.