Association of Protein Energy Wasting and Oxidative Stress Markers in Peritoneal Dialysis.

Introduction: Protein-energy wasting (PEW) is highly prevalent among patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD), and it has been proposed that oxidative stress (OS) may contribute to its pathogenesis. This study was an attempt to determine the association between the presence of PEW and OS levels in PD patients.

Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study involved 62 clinically stable PD patients aged ≥ 18 years, between September 2017 and July 2018.

Kidney transplant recipient with history of HIV, HBV, and past HCV infection.

Chronic viral infections caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis C (HCV), and hepatitis B (HBV) are common among patients with end-stage renal disease (ESKD). These infections were once considered contraindications to kidney transplantation due to potential risks associated with long-term immunosuppression. Improved management and antiviral therapies have changed the prognosis and survival of this group of patients, along with an increased experience in transplanting people with these viral infections.

The Expression of Toll-like Receptors (TLR7 and TLR9) in Class III and Class IV of Recently Diagnosed Lupus Nephritis with 12-Month Follow-Up.

Renal involvement is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The present study included patients with recently diagnosed Class III and Class IV lupus nephritis (LN) treated by Rheumatology who, upon the detection of alterations in their kidney function, were referred to Nephrology for the joint management of both medical specialties. The purpose of this study was to compare the plasma expression of Toll-Like Receptor 7 (TLR7) and TLR9 in healthy control (HC) subjects and newly diagnosed Class III and Class IV LN patients with 12-month follow-ups.

Phenotypes of Mineral Bone Disorder in Chronic Kidney Disease in a Dialysis Population.

Background: Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder (CKD-MBD) is associated with clinical outcomes. It is necessary to identify the phenotype to make clinical decisions that optimize resources and follow-up.

Objective: To determine the frequency of the CKD-MBD phenotype in dialysis patients and the associated factors.

The Inflammatory and Oxidative Status of Newly Diagnosed Class III and Class IV Lupus Nephritis, with Six-Month Follow-Up.

Lupus nephritis (LN) is the most frequent and severe complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). A prospective cohort with a six-month follow-up was performed. Twelve SLE patients diagnosed with LN Class III, twelve NL Class IV patients, and twelve healthy control subjects (HC) were included.

Clinical impact using low-dose mycophenolate mofetil with tacrolimus on infectious, noninfectious complications and acute rejection, in renal transplant: A single hospital experience in Mexico.

Evidence supporting a starting dose of 2 g/day of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) in combination with tacrolimus (TAC) for renal transplantation (RT) is still limited, but maintaining a dose of <2 g could result in worse clinical outcomes in terms of acute rejection (AR). This study aimed to determine the association between AR and infectious and noninfectious complications after RT with a dose of 1.5 g vs 2 g of MMF.

The Role of the Oxidative State and Innate Immunity Mediated by TLR7 and TLR9 in Lupus Nephritis.

Lupus nephritis (LN) is a severe complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and is considered one of the leading causes of mortality. Multiple immunological pathways are involved in the pathogenesis of SLE, which makes it imperative to deepen our knowledge about this disease's immune-pathological complexity and explore new therapeutic targets. Since an altered redox state contributes to immune system dysregulation, this document briefly addresses the roles of oxidative stress (OS), oxidative DNA damage, antioxidant enzymes, mitochondrial function, and mitophagy in SLE and LN.

Procalcitonin and High APACHE (Acute Physiological and Chronic Health Evaluation) Level Are Associated with the Course of Acute Kidney Injury in Patients with SARS-CoV-2.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with poor outcomes in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. Sepsis, direct injury to kidney cells by the virus, and severe systemic inflammation are mechanisms implicated in its development. We investigated the association between inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, D-dimer, lactate dehydrogenase, and ferritin) in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 and the development of AKI.

The Influence of the Severity of Early Chronic Kidney Disease on Oxidative Stress in Patients with and without Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Early Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a condition that tends to progress to End-Stage Kidney Disease (ESKD). Early diagnosis of kidney disease in the early stages can reduce complications. Alterations in renal function represent a complication of diabetes mellitus (DM).

Disseminated Histoplasmosis, Pulmonary Tuberculosis, and Cytomegalovirus Disease in a Renal Transplant Recipient after Infection with SARS-CoV-2.

Introduction: Infection with SARS-CoV-2 increases the risk of acute graft dysfunction (AGD) in renal transplant recipients (RTR), and the risk of concurrently presenting with opportunistic infections is also increased. There is no current consensus on the management of immunosuppression during SARS-CoV-2 infection in RTR. .

Mycetoma by Actinomadura madurae in the central nervous system: Renal transplant receptor disease.

The mycetoma is a granulomatous chronic disease, subcutaneous disease is the common presentation, very few cases are reported affecting central nervous system, but there are not cases in Renal Transplant (RT).

The Effect of Enalapril, Losartan, or Not Antihypertensive on the Oxidative Status in Renal Transplant Recipients.

The clinical and biochemical improvement observed in kidney transplant (RT) recipients is remarkable. The correct functioning of the allograft depends on various factors such as the donor's age, the alloimmune response, the ischemia-reperfusion injury, arterial hypertension, and the interstitial fibrosis of the allograft, among others. Antihypertensive drugs are necessary for arterial hypertension patients to avoid or reduce the probability of affecting graft function in RT recipients.

The Influence of Sevelamer Hydrochloride and Calcium Carbonate on Markers of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Hemodialysis at Six Months of Follow-Up.

Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) present alterations in mineral and bone metabolism. Hyperphosphatemia in ESRD is considered an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), increasing morbidity, and mortality. Sevelamer hydrochloride is a calcium-free, non-absorbable phosphate-chelating polymer.

Impact of transplantation on neutrophil extracellular trap formation in patients with end-stage renal disease: A single-center, prospective cohort study.

Increased neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation associates with high cardiovascular risk and mortality in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). However, the effect of transplantation on NETs and its associated markers remains unclear. This study aimed to characterize circulating citrullinated Histone H3 (H3cit) and Peptidyl Arginase Deiminase 4 (PAD4) in ESRD patients undergoing transplantation and evaluate the ability of their neutrophils to release NETs.

Humoral Acute Rejection in a Kidney Transplant Recipient with Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura.

A 47-year-old male was diagnosed with chronic kidney disease (CKD) in 2011; idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) was also diagnosed in 2011 refractory to medical treatment and finally treated with splenectomy (2017) without relapses since that date, 5 blood transfusions, and 4 platelet apheresis in 2017. Renal transplant from a living related donor (brother), ABO compatible, crossmatch were negative, sharing 1 haplotype. Donor-specific anti-HLA antibody was negative.

Cytomegalovirus in renal transplant recipients from living donors with and without valganciclovir prophylaxis and with immunosuppression based on anti-thymocyte globulin or basiliximab.

Background: In our population, anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) of 1 mg/Kg/day for 4 days is used; which permits not using valgancyclovir (VGC) prophylaxis in some renal transplant recipients (RTR) with moderate risk (R+), to reduce costs. This study aimed to determine the incidence and risk of developing cytomegalovirus (CMV), with or without prophylaxis, when exposed to low doses of ATG or basiliximab (BSL).

Patients And Methods: A retrospective cohort included 265 RTR with follow-up of 12 months.

Donor-specific antibodies development in renal living-donor receptors: Effect of a single cohort.

Minimization in immunosuppression could contribute to the appearance the donor-specific HLA antibodies (DSA) and graft failure. The objective was to compare the incidence of DSA in renal transplantation (RT) in recipients with immunosuppression with and without steroids. A prospective cohort from March 1st, 2013 to March 1st, 2014 and follow-up (1 year), ended in March 2015, was performed in living donor renal transplant (LDRT) recipients with immunosuppression and early steroid withdrawal (ESW) and compared with a control cohort (CC) of patients with steroid-sustained immunosuppression.

The Alteration of Pro-inflammatory Cytokines and Oxidative Stress Markers at Six-Month Post-living Kidney Donation.

Donors have a higher risk of developing chronic kidney disease than the general population. Some mechanisms mediated by pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress may be involved as risk factors. The objective of the study was to evaluate the behavior of pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress markers in living renal donors with a 6-month follow-up.

The Role of Dietary Antioxidants on Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Nephropathy.

Diabetic nephropathy (ND) is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease and oxidative stress (OS) has been recognized as a key factor in the pathogenesis and progression. Hyperglycemia, reactive oxygen species, advanced glycation end products, arterial pressure, insulin resistance, decrease in nitric oxide, inflammatory markers, and cytokines, among others; are involved in the presence of OS on ND. This revision focus on diverse studies in experimental and human models with diabetes and DN that has been demonstrated beneficial effects of different dietary antioxidant as resveratrol, curcumin, selenium, soy, catechins, α-lipoic acid, coenzyme Q10, omega-3 fatty acids, zinc, vitamins E and C, on OS and the capacity for antioxidant response.

Occult hepatitis B in kidney transplants recipients and donors from Western Mexico.

Background: Occult hepatitis B virus infection (OBI) is defined as the presence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA in serum and/or liver from HBsAg-negative subjects. Our aim was to determine OBI frequency in serum and genomic DNA in patients undergoing renal transplant and their cognate donors in a selected population from Western Mexico.

Methods: Blood samples were obtained from 94 donors and their cognate recipients (188 participants) before kidney transplantation.

Toxoplasma infection in kidney donors and transplant recipients from Western Mexico: A one-year follow-up.

Purpose: Solid organ transplant recipients are highly susceptible to Toxoplasma gondii infection. We aimed to describe the 12-month follow-up risk of seroconversion in renal transplant recipients.

Methodology: Anti-T gondii antibodies were investigated in donors and recipients of renal transplants.

Renal Handling of Uric Acid.

Hyperuricemia occurs in 21.4% of the adult population and is associated with several conditions that increase oxidative stress and contributes to the pathogenesis of inflammatory mechanisms for the development and progression of diseases. Serum blood or urine samples of uric acid levels were used to mainly identify clinical problems, depending on the uric acid pathway alterations, which include synthesis, reabsorption or its excretion.