School-based interventions modestly increase physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness but are least effective for youth who need them most: an individual participant pooled analysis of 20 controlled trials.

Objectives: To determine if subpopulations of students benefit equally from school-based physical activity interventions in terms of cardiorespiratory fitness and physical activity. To examine if physical activity intensity mediates improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness.

Design: Pooled analysis of individual participant data from controlled trials that assessed the impact of school-based physical activity interventions on cardiorespiratory fitness and device-measured physical activity.

Predicting lupus flares: epidemiological and disease related risk factors.

: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disorder, characterized by a relapsing and remitting pattern of disease activity in majority of the patients. : This narrative review provides an overview of flare definition, major flare mimics, and the burden of flares in SLE. The authors highlight epidemiology and disease-related risk factor for flares and discuss strategies to reduce flares in SLE.

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation and Mirror Therapy for Neuropathic Pain After Brachial Plexus Avulsion: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Pilot Study.

Although transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and mirror therapy (MT) have benefits in combating chronic pain, there is still no evidence of the effects of the simultaneous application of these techniques in patients with neuropathic pain. This study aims to assess the efficacy of tDCS paired with MT in neuropathic pain after brachial plexus injury. In a sham controlled, double-blind, parallel-group design, 16 patients were randomized to receive active or sham tDCS administered during mirror therapy.

GPR43 regulates sodium butyrate-induced angiogenesis and matrix remodeling.

Butyrate is a short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) derived from microbiota and is involved in a range of cell processes in a concentration-dependent manner. Low concentrations of sodium butyrate (NaBu) were shown to be proangiogenic. However, the mechanisms associated with these effects are not yet fully known.

Loss of functional capacity in elderly individuals with Alzheimer disease.

Background: The functional capacity of elderly individuals with Alzheimer disease (AD) progressively declines.

Objective: To verify the influence of sociodemographic, clinical, staging, mobility, and postural and cognitive balance data on the impairment of the functional capacity of elderly individuals with AD.

Methods: This observational, analytical, cross-sectional study was performed at the Physiotherapy Department of the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.

Reproducibility of the alcoholic beverages and illicit drug modules of the 2015 National Survey of School Health.

Objective: To evaluate the reproducibility of the modules of use of alcoholic beverages and illicit drugs of the 2015 National Survey of School Health.

Method: Cross-sectional epidemiological study aimed at evaluating the reproducibility of collection instruments, conducted in the city of Divinópolis, Minas Gerais. The sample consisted of students attending the 9th grade of public and private primary schools in 2017.

Rapid and long-lasting antidepressant-like effects of ketamine and their relationship with the expression of brain enzymes, BDNF, and astrocytes.

Ketamine (KET) is an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist with rapid and long-lasting antidepressant effects, but how the drug shows its sustained effects is still a matter of controversy. The objectives were to evaluate the mechanisms for KET rapid (30 min) and long-lasting (15 and 30 days after) antidepressant effects in mice. A single dose of KET (2, 5, or 10 mg/kg, po) was administered to male Swiss mice and the forced swim test (FST) was performed 30 min, 15, or 30 days later.

The role of phospho-tyrosine signaling in platelet biology and hemostasis.

Platelets are small enucleated cell fragments specialized in the control of hemostasis, but also playing a role in angiogenesis, inflammation and immunity. This plasticity demands a broad range of physiological processes. Platelet functions are mediated through a variety of receptors, the concerted action of which must be tightly regulated, in order to allow specific and timely responses to different stimuli.

study of anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities of Benth oleoresin.

Benth oleoresin (CPO) is used as an anti-inflammatory, wound healing, and antimicrobial. This paper reports the cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory, and antinociceptive activities of CPO. CPO (10 mg/kg) did not affect locomotor capacity in the open-field and rotarod tests and was not cytotoxic to CHO-k1, THP-1, and L929 cell lines.

The gastroprotective effect of red propolis extract from Northeastern Brazil and the role of its isolated compounds.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Propolis has been used in folk medicine to treat gastric disorders for centuries. However, although studies have been conducted to validate the gastroprotective and anti-ulcer activity of some types of propolis, red propolis activity remains unknown.

Aim Of The Study: The present study aimed to evaluate the gastroprotective effect of the hydroalcoholic extract of red propolis (HERP), its mode of action, and the main compounds involved in its activity, therefore contributing to validate the chemical and pharmacological potential of this product.

Sesquiterpene Polygodial from (Winteraceae) Down-Regulates Implant-Induced Inflammation and Fibrogenesis in Mice.

(Winteraceae) has been investigated in traditional medicine for its anti-inflammatory properties to treat gastric ulcers and allergic and respiratory system diseases as well as for cancer treatment. In this work, we investigate the ability of the sesquiterpene polygodial, isolated from stem barks, to modulate the chronic inflammatory response induced by polyester-polyurethane sponge implants in C57BL/6J mice. Daily treatment with polygodial inhibited the macrophage content in the implants as determined by the activity of the -acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase enzyme as well as decreased the levels of CXCL1/KC and CCL2/JE/MCP-1 pro-inflammatory chemokines and the presence of mast cells along the formed fibrovascular tissue.

Multifaceted roles of nitric oxide in tomato fruit ripening: NO-induced metabolic rewiring and consequences for fruit quality traits.

Nitric oxide (NO) has been implicated as part of the ripening regulatory network in fleshy fruits. However, very little is known about the simultaneous action of NO on the network of regulatory events and metabolic reactions behind ripening-related changes in fruit color, taste, aroma and nutritional value. Here, we performed an in-depth characterization of the concomitant changes in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fruit transcriptome and metabolome associated with the delayed-ripening phenotype caused by NO supplementation at the pre-climacteric stage.

Transcriptional profiling of embryo cryotolerance.

The cryosurvival of embryos is a complex process involving dynamic and integrated morphological, functional, and molecular changes. Here, we evaluated the transcriptional profiling of bovine embryos possessing high and low cryotolerance (HC and LC, respectively) by assessing the resumption of development. Embryos were produced in vitro (N = 1137) and cryopreserved (N = 894).

Unsatisfactory long-term virological suppression in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children in the Amazonas State, Brazil.

Introduction: Achieving viral suppression (VS) in children is challenging despite the exponential increase in access to antiretroviral therapy (ART). We evaluated VS in children >1 year of age and adolescents 5 years after they had begun ART, in Manaus, Amazonas state, Brazil.

Methods: HIV-infected, ART-naive children >1 year of age between 1999 and 2016 were eligible.

Unlicensed and off-label prescription of drugs to children in primary health care: A systematic review.

Objective: To evaluate unlicensed and off-label prescription and use of drugs to children in primary health care.

Methods: This is a systematic review that was written based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA). The studies were extracted from the databases: LILACS, PubMed/MEDLINE, and Scopus.

Amitriptyline Downregulates Chronic Inflammatory Response to Biomaterial in Mice.

Recent data has signaled that in addition to its therapeutic indications as antidepressant and analgesic, amitriptyline (AM) exerts anti-inflammatory effects in humans and experimental animal models of acute inflammation. We tested the hypothesis that this compound could also modulate the chronic inflammatory process induced by synthetic matrix in mice. Polyether-polyurethane sponge disks were implanted subcutaneously in 9-week-old male C57BL/6 mice.

Antiarthritic and Antihyperalgesic Properties of Ethanolic Extract from Mart. (Amaranthaceae) Aerial Parts.

Mart. (Amaranthaceae) is used in folk medicine as a natural analgesic, and in Brazil, the species of genus is used for rheumatism. However, scientific evidence which supports its popular use as an analgesic is scarce.

Genome-wide association study reveals genes associated with the absence of intermuscular bones in tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum).

The presence of intermuscular bones in fisheries products limits the consumption and commercialization potential of many fish species, including tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum). These bones have caused medical emergencies and are an undesirable characteristic for fish farming because their removal is labor-intensive during fish processing. Despite the difficulty in identifying genes related to the lack of intermuscular bone in diverse species of fish, the discovery of individuals lacking intermuscular bones in a Neotropical freshwater characiform fish has provided a unique opportunity to delve into the genetic mechanisms underlying the pathways of intermuscular bone formation.

Green tea extract-biomembrane interaction study: The role of its two major components, (-)-epigallocatechin gallate and (-)-epigallocatechin.

The interaction of antioxidants with biological membranes is closely related with their efficacy to inhibit the lipid peroxidation, the cause of several pathologies including cancer, neurodegenerative and cardiovascular disorders. Despite being pointed as a promising antioxidant agent by some authors, the anti-lipid peroxidation of green tea extract (GTE) has not aroused consensus among the scientific community. Since the interaction of drugs with biological membranes plays a key role on their therapeutic activity, this study aims to evaluate the interaction of GTE with liposomes as in vitro biomembrane models composed of 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine phospholipids in the absence and presence of cholesterol (CHOL) (15 mol%).

Validity of diagnosis and procedure codes for identifying neural tube defects in infants.

Purpose: The use of validated criteria to identify birth defects in electronic healthcare databases can avoid the cost and time-intensive efforts required to conduct chart reviews to confirm outcomes. This study evaluated the validity of various case-finding methodologies to identify neural tube defects (NTDs) in infants using an electronic healthcare database.

Methods: This analysis used data generated from a study whose primary aim was to evaluate the association between first-trimester maternal prescription opioid use and NTDs.

Flexible ZnO-mAb nanoplatforms for selective peripheral blood mononuclear cell immobilization.

Cancer is the second cause of death worldwide. This devastating disease requires specific, fast, and affordable solutions to mitigate and reverse this trend. A step towards cancer-fighting lies in the isolation of natural killer (NK) cells, a set of innate immune cells, that can either be used as biomarkers of tumorigenesis or, after autologous transplantation, to fight aggressive metastatic cells.

Training and work process in Multiprofessional Residency in Health as innovative strategy.

Objectives: reflect about education in health and work process on three programs of multiprofessional residency in Florianópolis/SC.

Method: Reflexive study about Multiprofessional Residency Health Programs of Florianópolis.

Results: Multiprofessional Residency characterizes training health professionals through service education.

Platelets in aging and cancer-"double-edged sword".

Platelets control hemostasis and play a key role in inflammation and immunity. However, platelet function may change during aging, and a role for these versatile cells in many age-related pathological processes is emerging. In addition to a well-known role in cardiovascular disease, platelet activity is now thought to contribute to cancer cell metastasis and tumor-associated venous thromboembolism (VTE) development.