TiO-Catalyzed Direct Diazenylation of Active Methylene Compounds with Diazonium Salts.

Herein, we report a direct diazenylation of active methylene compounds that is environmentally friendly, cost-effective, and scalable, utilizing a heterogeneous TiO catalyst that is both accessible and recyclable. The scope of this transformation shows excellent compatibility with both electron-rich and electron-poor diazonium salts, yielding the desired products in very good yields at room temperature.

Recognition memory decline is associated with the progression to prodromal Alzheimer's disease in asymptomatic at-risk individuals.

Episodic memory (EM) alterations are a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We assessed EM longitudinally in cognitively normal elders at-risk for AD (with subjective memory complaints), as a function of amyloid-β (Aβ) burden, neurodegeneration (N), and progression to prodromal AD. We stratified 264 INSIGHT-preAD study subjects in controls (Aβ-/N-), stable/N- or N + (Aβ +), and progressors/N- or N + (Aβ +) groups (progressors were included only until AD-diagnosis).

Cardiovascular effects of early maternal separation and escitalopram treatment in rats with depressive-like behaviour.

Depression and cardiovascular diseases are two of the world's major health problems. Escitalopram (ESC) is widely used because of its safety in relation to other drugs in that class; however, it can affect the cardiovascular system. The present study evaluated the cardiovascular parameters of depressive-like male rats and the cardiovascular effects of ESC treatment on that condition.

Enalapril induces muscle epigenetic changes and contributes to prevent a decline in running capacity in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Drugs such as angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers can improve muscle function and exercise capacity, as well as preventing, attenuating or reversing age-related losses in muscle mass, however, the exact mechanisms by which these drugs affect muscle cells, are not yet fully elucidated. Moreover, the potential epigenetic alterations induced in skeletal muscle tissue are also largely unexplored. The aim of this study was to evaluate if enalapril or losartan can change the physical performance and epigenetic profile of skeletal muscle in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs).

Chalcogen Bond-Driven Alkylations: Selenoxide-Pillar[5]arene as a Recyclable Catalyst for Displacement Reactions in Water.

A novel strategy to catalyze alkylation reactions through chalcogen bond interaction using a supramolecular structure is presented herein. Utilizing just 1.0 mol % of selenoxide-pillar[5]arene (P[5]SeO) as the catalyst we achieved efficient catalysis in the cyanation of benzyl bromide in water.

The unique role of anosognosia in the clinical progression of Alzheimer's disease: a disorder-network perspective.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) encompasses a long continuum from a preclinical phase, characterized by neuropathological alterations albeit normal cognition, to a symptomatic phase, marked by its clinical manifestations. Yet, the neural mechanisms responsible for cognitive decline in AD patients remain poorly understood. Here, we posit that anosognosia, emerging from an error-monitoring failure due to early amyloid-β deposits in the posterior cingulate cortex, plays a causal role in the clinical progression of AD by preventing patients from being aware of their deficits and implementing strategies to cope with their difficulties, thus fostering a vicious circle of cognitive decline.

Resveratrol attenuates doxorubicin-induced toxicity during culture of mouse-isolated preantral follicles.

The aims of this study were to evaluate the doxorubicin concentration that induces toxic effects on culture of isolated mouse secondary follicles and to investigate whether resveratrol can inhibit or reduce this toxicity. Secondary follicles were isolated and cultured for 12 days in control medium (α-MEM) or in α-MEM supplemented with doxorubicin (0.1 µg/ml) or different concentrations of resveratrol (0.

Total cost of care of Medicare Advantage beneficiaries participating in an appointment-based model in a national pharmacy chain.

Background: The appointment-based model (ABM) is a pharmacy service to improve medication-related health outcomes. ABM involves medication synchronization and medication review, plus other services such as medication reconciliation, medication therapy management, vaccine administration, and multimedication packaging. ABM can improve medication adherence, but the economic impact is unknown.

Accelerometer approach for anticipatory postural adjustments assessment during step initiation in patients with leprosy.

Anticipatory postural adjustments (APAs) involve a complex coordination of sensorimotor information that can be impaired in diseases that affect nerve conduction. Assessing APAs typically requires costly video recording technology, posing a challenge to the study of postural changes. This hurdle is compounded in impoverished communities affected by diseases such as leprosy, which often receive limited government support.

Sequential nucleophilic aromatic substitutions on cyanuric chloride: synthesis of BODIPY derivatives and mechanistic insights.

Herein we report a study on the sequential substitution of different nucleophiles on cyanuric chloride to obtain potential candidates for metal sensors (5a-c). The set of nucleophiles on the 1,3,5-triazine ring includes a phenolic BODIPY, an aminoalkyl pyridine and aminoalkyl phosphoramidates, each one designed to play a specific role in the final fluoroionophore. Three new triazine triads were synthesized in similar yields: 5a (45%), 5b (43%) and 5c (52%) after a methodical sequential combination of the nucleophiles thermodependent nucleophilic aromatic substitution of the three chlorine atoms of cyanuric chloride.

Pelvic floor muscle training vs radiofrequency for women with vaginal laxity: randomized clinical trial.

Background: Vaginal laxity (VL) is a complaint of excessive vaginal looseness with a prevalence ranging from 24% to 38% across studies.

Aim: The study sought to compare the effect of radiofrequency (RF) and pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) on the treatment of women with VL.

Methods: From February 2020 to December 2021, a prospective, parallel, noninferiority, randomized clinical trial was carried out in women ≥18 years of age and complaining of VL in a tertiary hospital.

Compounds from Natural Products Candidates to Drug for Chikungunya Virus Infection: A Systematic Review.

Introduction: Chikungunya fever is a disease caused by infection with the Chikungunya virus, transmitted by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes. Despite its self-limited character, more than 60% of patients have chronic recurrent arthralgia with debilitating pain that lasts for years.

Aim: The objective of this review was to gather and analyze evidence from the literature on potential therapeutic strategies with molecules from natural products for the treatment of Chikungunya fever.

A Structural In Silico Analysis of the Immunogenicity of L-Asparaginase from .

L-asparaginase is an essential drug used to treat acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL), a cancer of high prevalence in children. Several adverse reactions associated with L-asparaginase have been observed, mainly caused by immunogenicity and allergenicity. Some strategies have been adopted, such as searching for new microorganisms that produce the enzyme and applying protein engineering.

Periodontitis and systemic parameters in chronic kidney disease: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To perform a systematic review with meta-analysis to assess recent scientific evidence on the association between periodontitis and systemic parameters/conditions in individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Materials And Methods: The search for studies was performed in MedLine/PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and BIREME databases. Reference lists of selected articles were also searched.

Evidence syntheses to support decision-making related to the Covid-19 pandemic.

The COVID-19 pandemic generated a large volume of scientific productions with different quality levels. The speed with which knowledge was produced and shared worldwide imposed on health management the challenge of seeking ways to identify the best available evidence to support its decisions. In response to this challenge, the Department of Science and Technology of the Brazilian Ministry of Health started offering a service to produce and provide scientific knowledge addressing priority public health issues in the pandemic scenario.

Cost of disease progression among US patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive metastatic breast cancer.

The objectives were to investigate the differences in per patient per month (PPPM) healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) and costs among commercially insured and Medicare Advantage patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive (HER2+) metastatic breast cancer (mBC) who experience disease progression in 12 months compared with those who don't investigate the impact of progression timing on cumulative healthcare costs. This claims-based study included patients diagnosed with mBC between 1 January 2013 and 30 April 2020 and received HER2-targeted therapy. Patients were categorized as progressed or nonprogressed.

Self-Modulation of Gamma-Band Synchronization through EEG-Neurofeedback Training in the Elderly.

Background: Electroencephalography (EEG) stands as a pivotal non-invasive tool, capturing brain signals with millisecond precision and enabling real-time monitoring of individuals' mental states. Using appropriate biomarkers extracted from these EEG signals and presenting them back in a neurofeedback loop offers a unique avenue for promoting neural compensation mechanisms. This approach empowers individuals to skillfully modulate their brain activity.

Virtual Reality in Improving Anticipatory Postural Adjustments to Step Initiation in Individuals with Knee Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Virtual reality (VR) has been suggested as a new therapeutic approach in various sectors of rehabilitation, including the treatment of patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA), and one of its treatment goals is to improve the gait pattern and walking ability of patients. This study aimed to evaluate if VR, along with conventional physiotherapy treatment (CT), has superior effects to kinesiotherapy alone on pain, physical capacity, balance, and the parameters of anticipatory postural adjustments (APAs) in patients with knee OA. This study is a single-blind randomized controlled trial.

Rehabilitation interventions targeting the activity and participation of patient with neuromuscular diseases: what do we know? A systematic review.

Background:  To be objective and achievable, the rehabilitation goals must be focused on the functional expectations of patients with neuromuscular disease (NMD).

Objective:  Investigate rehabilitation programs that are able to modify the activity/participation of patients with NMD. Data search: Embase, BVS/Lilacs, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), CINAHL/EBSCO, and Medline were searched in June 2021.

Centering Equity in the Nation's Weather, Water, and Climate Services.

Water, weather, and climate affect everyone. However, their impacts on various communities can be very different based on who has access to essential services and environmental knowledge. Structural discrimination, including racism and other forms of privileging and exclusion, affects people's lives and health, with ripples across all sectors of society.

The Effect of Simultaneous Contralateral White Noise Masking on Cortical Auditory Evoked Potentials Elicited by Speech Stimuli.

 Noise obscures speech signal, causing auditory masking. The effects of this masking can be observed through the cortical auditory evoked potentials (CAEPs). White noise, in turn, has an effect on the auditory cortex, interfering, for example, with lexical decision making.

Exploring borderline S1-S2 mechanisms: the role of explicit solvation protocols in the DFT investigation of isopropyl chloride.

Nucleophilic substitution at saturated carbon is a crucial class of organic reactions, playing a pivotal role in various chemical transformations that yield valuable compounds for society. Despite the well-established S1 and S2 mechanisms, secondary substrates, particularly in solvolysis reactions, often exhibit a borderline pathway. A molecular-level understanding of these processes is fundamental for developing more efficient chemical transformations.

Translation and validation of the audiovisual version of the Montreal cognitive assessment in older adults in Brazil.

Background: The use of a reliable remote cognitive screening test for older adults is crucial for the diagnosis of cognitive impairment. This study aimed to translate and validate the audiovisual Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)for older adults in Brazil.

Methods: One hundred and fourteen older adults were recruited from the community and demographic, functional, mood, and cognitive data were collected.