Kinetics and 28-day test-retest repeatability and reproducibility of [C]UCB-J PET brain imaging.

[C]UCB-J is a novel radioligand that binds to synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2A (SV2A). The main objective of this study was to determine the 28-day test-retest repeatability (TRT) of quantitative [C]UCB-J brain positron emission tomography (PET) imaging in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients and healthy controls (HCs). Nine HCs and eight AD patients underwent two 60 min dynamic [C]UCB-J PET scans with arterial sampling with an interval of 28 days.

Visual and semiquantitative assessment of cranial artery inflammation with FDG-PET/CT in giant cell arteritis.

Background And Aim: Assessing cranial artery inflammation plays an important role in the diagnosis of cranial giant cell arteritis (C-GCA). However, current diagnostic tests are limited. The use of fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/CT imaging is an established tool for assessing large vessel inflammation but is currently not used for assessment of the cranial arteries.

Radiological and nuclear medicine imaging of sarcoidosis.

Sarcoidosis is a multisystem chronic inflammatory disease of unknown etiology characterized by widespread growth of non-caseating granulomas. The diagnosis of sarcoidosis is based on clinical and imaging presentation, histologic confirmation and the absence of alternative diseases. Radiology and Nuclear Medicine play an essential role in the diagnostic work-up of patients with sarcoidosis to assess disease extent and activity.

Hybrid imaging of musculoskeletal infections.

This review article highlights the role of radiological and nuclear medicine techniques in diagnosis of musculoskeletal infections with particular regard to hybrid imaging of osteomyelitis, prosthetic joint infections, sternal infections and spine infections. Authors conclude on the complementary role of the several techniques with indications for an appropriate diagnostic flow chart, in the light of the recent European Association of Nuclear Medicine guidelines on infection.

Textural features of F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography scanning in diagnosing aortic prosthetic graft infection.

Background: The clinical problem in suspected aortoiliac graft infection (AGI) is to obtain proof of infection. Although F-fluorodeoxyglucose (F-FDG) positron emission tomography scanning (PET) has been suggested to play a pivotal role, an evidence-based interpretation is lacking. The objective of this retrospective study was to examine the feasibility and utility of F-FDG uptake heterogeneity characterized by textural features to diagnose AGI.

Pancreatic Uptake by 18F-FDOPA PET/CT in Patients With Hypoglycemia After Gastric Bypass Surgery Compared With Controls With or Without Carbidopa Pretreatment.

Purpose: The use of Fluorine-labeled dihydroxy-phenyl-alanine (F-FDOPA) PET/CT in patients with hypoglycemia suspected to be caused by pancreatic disease can be helpful to localize the source of excess insulin production. In this setting, carbidopa pretreatment is not recommended. However, quantitative comparisons of pancreatic tracer uptake in patients with or without carbidopa pretreatment and in diffuse pancreatic disease are lacking.

ESMO / ASCO Recommendations for a Global Curriculum in Medical Oncology Edition 2016.

The European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) and the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) are publishing a new edition of the ESMO/ASCO Global Curriculum (GC) thanks to contribution of 64 ESMO-appointed and 32 ASCO-appointed authors. First published in 2004 and updated in 2010, the GC edition 2016 answers to the need for updated recommendations for the training of physicians in medical oncology by defining the standard to be fulfilled to qualify as medical oncologists. At times of internationalisation of healthcare and increased mobility of patients and physicians, the GC aims to provide state-of-the-art cancer care to all patients wherever they live.

Recommendations and Technical Aspects of 16α-[18F]Fluoro-17β-Estradiol PET to Image the Estrogen Receptor In Vivo: The Groningen Experience.

The estrogen derivative 16α-F-fluoro-17β-estradiol (FES) is a PET tracer that has been used in a variety of preclinical and clinical studies to detect estrogen receptor (ER) expression, mainly in breast cancer, but also for other oncological indications. As a result of the success of these studies and the potential applications of the tracer, FES starts to be implemented in routine clinical practice. However, the number of centers using this tracer is still limited and many nuclear medicine physicians and medical oncologists are still unaware of the possibilities FES PET imaging offers.

Arterial Stiffness Is Positively Associated With 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography-Assessed Subclinical Vascular Inflammation in People With Early Type 2 Diabetes.

Objective: Type 2 diabetes is accompanied by premature atherosclerosis and arterial stiffness. The underlying association remains incompletely understood. The possible relationship between subclinical arterial inflammation assessed by (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) and arterial stiffness was investigated in patients with early type 2 diabetes.

Nonbiopsy Diagnosis of Cardiac Transthyretin Amyloidosis.

Background: Cardiac transthyretin (ATTR) amyloidosis is a progressive and fatal cardiomyopathy for which several promising therapies are in development. The diagnosis is frequently delayed or missed because of the limited specificity of echocardiography and the traditional requirement for histological confirmation. It has long been recognized that technetium-labeled bone scintigraphy tracers can localize to myocardial amyloid deposits, and use of this imaging modality for the diagnosis of cardiac ATTR amyloidosis has lately been revisited.

PET/CT imaging of infection.

Tuberculosis has a high morbidity and mortality worldwide. () has a complex pathophysiology; it is an aerobic bacillus capable of surviving in anaerobic conditions in a latent state for a very long time before reactivation to active disease. In the latent tuberculosis infection, the individual has no clinical evidence of active disease, but exhibits a hypersensitive response to proteins of .

Imaging fungal infections in children.

Fungal infections in children rarely occur, but continue to have a high morbidity and mortality despite the development of newer antifungal agents. It is essential for these infections to be diagnosed at the earliest possible stage so appropriate treatment can be initiated promptly. The addition of high-resolution computer tomography (HR CT) has helped in early diagnosis making; however, it lacks both sensitivity and specificity.

Translation of New Molecular Imaging Approaches to the Clinical Setting: Bridging the Gap to Implementation.

Molecular imaging with PET is a rapidly emerging technique. In breast cancer patients, more than 45 different PET tracers have been or are presently being tested. With a good rationale, after development of the tracer and proven feasibility, it is of interest to evaluate whether there is a potential meaningful role for the tracer in the clinical setting-such as in staging, in the (early) prediction of a treatment response, or in supporting drug choices.

Vessel involvement in giant cell arteritis: an imaging approach.

Vasculitis is classified based on the size of the involved vessels. The two major forms are small vessel vasculitis and large vessel vasculitis (LVV). Main forms of LVV are Takayasu arteritis, giant cell arteritis (GCA), isolated aortitis and chronic periaortitis.

ImmunoPET with Anti-Mesothelin Antibody in Patients with Pancreatic and Ovarian Cancer before Anti-Mesothelin Antibody-Drug Conjugate Treatment.

Purpose: Mesothelin (MSLN) is frequently overexpressed in pancreatic and ovarian cancers, making it a potential drug target. We performed an (89)Zr-PET imaging study with MMOT0530A, a MSLN antibody, in conjunction with a phase I study with the antibody-drug conjugate DMOT4039A, containing MMOT0530A bound to MMAE. The aim was to study antibody tumor uptake, whole-body distribution, and relation between uptake, response to treatment, and MSLN expression.

Pitfalls and Limitations of Radionuclide and Hybrid Imaging in Infection and Inflammation.

Both the referring clinician and the nuclear medicine specialist must be aware of the main known or potential pitfalls that can occur in infection and inflammation imaging. They must decide in consensus which tracer and which imaging protocol should be used for a specific indication. This article provides an overview of all the pitfalls and limitations of nuclear medicine techniques to image infections and inflammation.

TGF-β Antibody Uptake in Recurrent High-Grade Glioma Imaged with 89Zr-Fresolimumab PET.

Unlabelled: Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling is involved in glioma development. The monoclonal antibody fresolimumab (GC1008) can neutralize all mammalian isoforms of TGF-β, and tumor uptake can be visualized and quantified with (89)Zr-fresolimumab PET in mice. The aim of this study was to investigate the fresolimumab uptake in recurrent high-grade gliomas using (89)Zr-fresolimumab PET and to assess treatment outcome in patients with recurrent high-grade glioma treated with fresolimumab.