Publications by authors named "Ando W"
Background: The effects of surgical treatment on the quality of life (QOL) of patients who have osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) have been rarely reported. This multicenter study aimed to elucidate the longitudinal QOL in patients who have ONFH undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA).
Methods: Self-assessment QOL questionnaires, including the Japanese Orthopaedic Association Hip Disease Evaluation Questionnaire (JHEQ), Oxford Hip Score (OHS), and 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey Version 2 (SF-12v2), were administered to 124 patients at six months, one year, two and five years postoperatively.
Developing novel nonribosomal peptides (NRPs) requires a comprehensive understanding of the enzymes involved in their biosynthesis, particularly the substrate amino acid recognition mechanisms in the adenylation (A) domain. This study focused on the A domain responsible for adenylating l-2,4-diaminobutyric acid (l-Dab) within the synthetase of polymyxin, an NRP produced by NBRC3020. To date, investigations into recombinant proteins that selectively adenylate l-Dab─exploring substrate specificity and enzymatic activity parameters─have been limited to reports on A domains found in enzymes synthesizing l-Dab homopolymers (pldA from USE31 and pddA from NBRC15115), which remain exceedingly rare.
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- A nationwide study examined factors leading to reoperation in hip replacement surgeries for nontraumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH), analyzing 7,393 procedures from various types of hip arthroplasties.
- The study found that combined systemic steroid use, excessive alcohol consumption, and the lateral surgical approach increased reoperation risks, while certain modifications in bipolar hemiarthroplasties (BPs) did not improve durability, with alumina ceramic outer heads being the least durable.
- Overall, despite various improvements in BP designs, the study concluded that these changes did not enhance performance, highlighting that factors like patient habits and surgical technique significantly impact surgical outcomes.
Article Synopsis
- Treatments for articular cartilage injuries are difficult due to the lack of blood vessels and nerves in the area.
- Research has focused on cell-based therapies, particularly using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), because they are easier to collect and work with compared to other cell types.
- The authors have developed a scaffold-free tissue-engineered construct using MSCs, demonstrating its effectiveness for cartilage repair in human clinical trials and outlining the transition from basic research to clinical application.
Article Synopsis
- * A case is presented where a patient with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) experienced ongoing hiccups linked to an enlarging liver cyst.
- * The report highlights the need to explore potential causes of prolonged hiccups, especially in patients with ADPKD, and suggests careful evaluation for possible therapeutic options.
Background: Periprosthetic femoral fractures (PFFs) are serious complications in hip arthroplasty for femoral neck fractures. The rates of intraoperative (iPFFs) and postoperative PFFs (pPFFs) are higher in cementless stem cases than in cemented cases. This study aimed to investigate the effects of cerclage cabling on PFF prevention in cementless arthroplasty for femoral neck fractures.
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- Diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis are crucial for successful hip surgery outcomes, and measuring bone mineral density (BMD) via DXA is the established method, but access can be limited.* -
- The study analyzed 1378 female patients undergoing hip surgery, assessing the correlation between BMD and the Osteoporosis Self-assessment Tool for Asians (OSTA) score, finding a strong correlation and establishing a cut-off score that effectively predicts osteoporosis.* -
- Results indicate that the OSTA tool can help screen for osteoporosis in at-risk patients before surgery, enabling targeted investigations and potentially improving patient outcomes.*
Article Synopsis
- This study investigates the time from diagnosis to surgery for osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) and factors affecting its severity among 2074 cases in Japan from 1997 to 2018.
- The median time to surgery was found to be 9 months, influenced by whether the patient used alcohol or corticosteroids, and the stage of joint destruction at diagnosis.
- The study highlights that a large proportion of patients remain untreated for extended periods, but surgery was performed within 9 months for more than half of the patients, indicating the disease's serious impact.
Article Synopsis
- - The study introduces a new molecular-genetic method for detecting lung cancer using exosomes isolated from urine samples of 35 lung cancer patients and 40 healthy controls, measuring the expression ratio of MMP-1/CD63 and levels of two specific microRNAs (miRNA-21 and miRNA-486-5p).
- - Results showed that the MMP-1/CD63 ratio was significantly higher in lung cancer patients compared to healthy individuals, and the sensitivity and specificity of MMP-1/CD63 and miRNA-486-5p varied by gender, with an impressive overall sensitivity and specificity when both markers were combined in a logistic regression model.
- - The combination of these markers could potentially be used for early lung
Article Synopsis
- This study focused on the prevalence of lower and whole leg length asymmetries (≥ 5 mm) in patients with unilateral osteoarthritis caused by developmental dysplasia of the hip and primary hip osteoarthritis.
- A total of 116 patients, including 93 with developmental dysplasia of the hip osteoarthritis and 23 with primary hip osteoarthritis, were analyzed using preoperative CT scans to evaluate leg and tibial length.
- The results indicated that asymmetries varied significantly among patient groups, with 43% of those without femoral length asymmetry still showing whole leg length asymmetry, highlighting the importance of measuring both femur and whole leg lengths for accurate assessment.
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- This study investigates whether using titanium-coated polyetheretherketone (TP) cages can improve fusion rates in patients undergoing posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) with cortical bone trajectory (CBT) screw fixation compared to carbon fiber-reinforced cages (CP).
- A total of 157 patients were analyzed, with 68 receiving TP cages and 89 receiving CP cages, and their fusion outcomes were assessed through imaging at 1 and 2 years after surgery.
- Results showed no significant difference in fusion rates between the TP and CP groups over time; however, the CP group demonstrated a noteworthy increase in fusion rates from the first to the second year, while the TP group's rates peaked at
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- The study investigates the relationship between internal rotation (IR) angles and implant impingement during activities after total hip arthroplasty to ensure patient safety during daily tasks.
- It highlights that traditional simulation studies, typically conducted at lower IR angles, might not accurately reflect the impingement that occurs during activities requiring greater IR.
- Findings suggest that the optimal stem anteversion should be adjusted based on the patient's lifestyle needs, implant design, and femoral head size to maximize the impingement-free safe zone.
Article Synopsis
- Both mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) can help repair damaged connective tissues.
- A study showed that hybrid implants combining human MSC and iPSC effectively filled and integrated osteochondral defects in rats.
- The MSC component is crucial for success, promoting repair, adhesion, and blood vessel growth at the injury site, suggesting these hybrid implants could be a promising treatment for complex injuries in the future.
Article Synopsis
- * 41 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 were interviewed about hip pain, and MRI scans were conducted to check for ONFH.
- * Results showed that 1 out of 26 scanned patients had asymptomatic ONFH detected one month after their COVID-19 treatment, highlighting the need for doctors to monitor for this condition.
Article Synopsis
- A new hip stem made of carbon fiber-reinforced polyetheretherketone (CFR/PEEK) is being developed to help treat periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs) through an antibiotic release mechanism.
- In an experimental study with sheep, researchers tested how well the antibiotic vancomycin eluted from the implants and assessed their effectiveness in treating induced PJIs caused by Staphylococcus aureus.
- Results showed that the implant released about 70% of vancomycin over 21 days, and all successfully infected joints exhibited negative cultures and no signs of infection three weeks after surgery, demonstrating the efficacy of the therapeutic stem.
Article Synopsis
- A scaffold-free tissue-engineered construct (TEC) from autologous synovial membrane mesenchymal stromal cells was previously shown to be safe and effective for cartilage repair 2 years post-surgery.
- This study evaluated the clinical outcomes and MRI findings in 5 patients with knee chondral lesions, showing significant improvement in pain and function scores from before surgery up to 5 years later.
- MRI results showed well-integrated repair tissue with stable cartilage thickness and smoothness at the 5-year mark, confirming the promise of using autologous TEC for cartilage repair.
Article Synopsis
- This study investigated risk factors for severe COVID-19 and their association with medication use among over 171,000 patients in the U.S., using health record data from early 2020 to late 2021.
- Key risk factors for hospitalization included being older than 65, male, and having conditions like type 2 diabetes and hypertension, while hyperlipidemia reduced risk unless statins weren’t used.
- Certain medications, such as sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors and statins, were found to lower the risk of hospitalization and critical care for COVID-19 patients.
Freeze-dried noncoagulating platelet-derived factor concentrate is a safe and effective treatment for early knee osteoarthritis.
Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc
November 2023
Article Synopsis
- A new form of platelet-rich plasma called freeze-dried platelet factor concentrate (PFC-FD) is being investigated to improve treatment outcomes for patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA) in a clinical study.* -
- The study involved 312 patients, mostly women around 63 years old, where 62% showed significant improvement in symptoms after receiving a PFC-FD injection over a 12-month period, but those with severe OA (grade 4) had lower success rates.* -
- The results indicated a low risk of adverse effects, with only 6% experiencing minor issues like pain or swelling, while noting that nearly 40% of patients did not see improvement, especially those with advanced OA.*
Small extracellular vesicles derived from human adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells cultured in a new chemically-defined contaminate-free media exhibit enhanced biological and therapeutic effects on human chondrocytes in vitro and in a mouse osteoarthritis model.
J Extracell Vesicles
July 2023
Article Synopsis
- Human small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) from adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells show potential in reducing osteoarthritis progression, but must be free from culture medium contaminants for clinical use.
- A study evaluated the impact of different chemically-defined media (CDMs) on the quantity and purity of sEVs, noting that only CDM4 produced contamination-free sEVs with the best yield.
- The sEVs derived from CDM4 not only enhanced important cellular functions in human articular chondrocytes but also significantly reduced osteochondral degeneration in a mouse model of osteoarthritis.
Article Synopsis
- Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) can occur after total hip replacement, leading to severe complications, prompting the development of a new drug-loaded carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) prosthesis that allows for one-stage surgery.
- The study aimed to analyze how vancomycin, an antibiotic, diffuses from CFRP implants by modifying the mixing ratio of vancomycin paste and the size of holes in the implants.
- Results showed the best diffusion occurred with a 1:1.4 mixing ratio of vancomycin paste and a 2 mm hole diameter, both in laboratory tests and in a rabbit model, indicating drug release can be optimized by adjusting these parameters.
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- This study aims to examine the effectiveness of cylindrical costal osteochondral grafts as a new treatment for growth plate injuries.
- Researchers used a rabbit model to compare different treatment methods: no-treatment, bone wax, costal chondral grafts, and costal osteochondral grafts.
- Results showed that costal osteochondral grafts successfully restored the tibia's alignment and supported cartilage repair, with signs of normal ossification, unlike the other methods tested.
Article Synopsis
- The study examines how different hip positions—flexion, abduction, and rotation—impact bone mineral density (BMD) measurements during dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) imaging.
- It utilized CT images from 120 patients to simulate and calculate BMD changes, finding significant variations particularly with hip flexion (up to 17.7% change) and smaller effects with hip rotation (up to 2.2% change).
- The findings suggest that careful positioning of patients is crucial for accurate DXA imaging, as even minor changes in hip angles can affect BMD readings significantly.
Article Synopsis
- An ectopic kidney is a rare condition where the kidney doesn't move to its usual position in the body.
- A case study involved a 72-year-old man diagnosed with a bladder tumor and an ectopic left kidney, leading to a series of surgical procedures including a robot-assisted radical cystectomy.
- The study concludes that the robot-assisted surgical method is a viable treatment option for patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer who also have an ectopic kidney.