Associations of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior With Mental Distress According to Caregiver Status: Analysis of the Health Information National Trends Survey, 2022.

Purpose: To (1) examine how physical activity and sedentary behavior are related to mental distress and (2) identify and compare how various levels of sedentary behaviors may differentially predict mental distress after accounting for physical activity, among caregivers vs non-caregivers.

Design: Cross-sectional secondary data.

Setting: National Cancer Institute's Health Information National Trends Survey Cycle 6 fielded online from March-November 2022.

The transformative journey of community health workers in implementing a lifestyle intervention in Brazil: A qualitative study.

Introduction: Community health workers (CHWs) stand as critical frontline agents within the Brazilian healthcare system. In this qualitative study, we examined the impact of a community-based behavioral change intervention spearheaded by CHWs.

Methods: The intervention focused on promoting healthy behaviors - physical activity, nutrition, and emotional well-being - among individuals aged 50 and older living in a rural community in Brazil.

Disparities in healthcare access experienced by Hispanic chronic kidney disease patients: a cross-sectional analysis.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a public health concern, and the disease disproportionately affects Hispanics. Improved healthcare access for Hispanic CKD patients can reduce the disease burden. This study assesses the healthcare access disparities experienced by Hispanic CKD patients compared to Whites.

Food Parenting Practices Promoted by Childcare and Primary Healthcare Centers in Chile: What Influences Do These Practices Have on Parents? A Qualitative Study.

Chile, like many other countries in the world, is experiencing a high prevalence of childhood overweight. Among the factors influencing children's eating behaviors are the food parenting practices promoted by community organizations. More information is needed on the influences of these recommendations on the parenting practices of parents of preschoolers.

The Moderating Role of Race and Ethnicity in the Association Between Cognitive Performance and Functional Abilities in Later Life.

This study examined ethnic/racial influences on the relationship of cognitive performance and functional abilities of 2,713 older individuals from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Functional domains included activities of daily living (ADL), instrumental ADL, and leisure and social activities. In adjusted logistic regression models, low cognitive performance as assessed by the Digit Symbol Substitution Test was found significantly associated with functional limitation in each domain.

Relationships of Low Cognitive Performance and Sleep Disorder With Functional Disabilities Among Older Adults.

ObjectivesThis study examined the relationships of low cognitive performance and sleep disorder with functional disabilities among older adults. NHANES 2011-2014 data on 3179 individuals [M=69.71] were analyzed.

Indulgent Feeding Style Moderates the Association of Food Responsiveness to Body Mass Index Z-scores of Preschoolers.

Objective: To investigate the moderating role of caregiver feeding styles in the association between preschool children's food-approaching eating behaviors and body mass index (BMI) z-scores.

Methods: This cross-sectional study examined 81 caregiver-preschooler dyads from low-income neighborhoods in Santiago, Chile. Moderated multiple linear regression analyses were used to determine the moderating effect of the indulgent feeding style in the relation between eating behaviors and BMI z-scores of preschool children.

Exploring parents' perspectives on feeding their young children: a qualitative study using photo-elicitation in Chile.

Objective: Childhood obesity is considered one of the most important public health problems around the world. Chile is currently one of the Latin American countries with a high prevalence of childhood obesity. Given that parents' food parenting practices shape their children's lifelong eating habits, addressing those practices is key to curbing later problems of obesity.

Fecal and soil microbiota composition of gardening and non-gardening families.

Historically, humans have interacted with soils, which contain a rich source of microorganisms. Fruit and vegetable gardening is the primary interaction humans have with soil today. Animal research reveals that soil microorganisms can be transferred to the rodent intestine.

Is Acculturation Associated with the Cognitive Performance of Older Hispanics?

Background: Hispanics in the United States are disproportionately affected by Alzheimer's disease and related dementias. Little is known about the impact of acculturation on cognitive performance.

Objective: This study examined the association between acculturation and cognitive performance among older Hispanics.

Association of Family Nutrition and Physical Activity with Preschooler's Working Memory: A Cross-Sectional Study among Mexican Children.

Healthy eating and active lifestyles are associated with children's healthy weight and cognitive development. This study examines whether family behaviors relevant for nutrition and activity levels are associated with children's working memory, independent of their weight status. A convenience sample of child-caregiver dyads ( = 85 dyads) were recruited from a public preschool serving a low-income community in central Mexico.

[Family influences on maternal feeding practices of preschool children from vulnerable families in the Metropolitan Region of Chile].

Objective: To explore family members' influences on mothers' feeding practices of preschoolers in Chilean families residing in vulnerable neighborhoods from the Metropolitan Region of Santiago, Chile.

Design: Qualitative study.

Location: Nine child care centers in Región Metropolitana, Santiago, Chile.

Role of Community Health Workers in Addressing Dementia: A Scoping Review and Global Perspective.

The current increase in global dementia prevalence deserves public health intervention. While limited access to health care and a shortage of health care workers are significant shortcomings, utilizing community health workers (CHWs) could be a promising way to improve dementia care through cost-effective approaches. This scoping review synthesizes existing research on roles of CHWs in dementia-related services.

From culture to chromosomes: A mother-child dyadic study of acculturation, telomere lengths and body fat.

Studies suggest that telomere lengths, a biomarker of aging, could also capture the physiological weathering attributable to poor health behaviors and adverse experiences, particularly those experienced in early life. For these reasons, we propose that telomere lengths may be a pivotal biomarker for measuring the heightened susceptibility to illness resulting from the cumulative exposure to acculturation to the US culture. This binational study used an Actor-Partner Interdependence Model to test if maternal acculturation to the US moderates the cross-sectional associations of telomere lengths with percentage of body fat (PBF) among Mexican women, among their children, and the intergenerational associations of mother and children telomere lengths with each other's PBF.

Re-thinking Physical Activity Programs for Older Brazilians and the Role of Public Health Centers: A Randomized Controlled Trial Using the RE-AIM Model.

Explored the role of public health centers in the delivery of physical activity programs to older Brazilians. Total of 114 older adults (81% women) from public health centers across the city of Florianopolis, Brazil, were randomized into three groups: behavior change group ( = 36), traditional exercise group ( = 52), and control group ( = 26). The behavioral change group included 12 weekly meetings (2 h each).

Anthropometric cutoff points to identify lipodystrophy characteristics in people living with HIV/AIDS: an observational study.

Introduction: currently, there is no consensus regarding accurate and low-cost methods for diagnosing lipodystrophy in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). The aim of this study was to propose anthropometric cutoff points for the diagnosis of lipodystrophy among PLWHA. Methods: we included 106 PLWHA (men = 65, women = 41) who are under antiretroviral therapy and have been clinically classified into either a "lipodystrophy" or "non-lipodystrophy" group.

Use of Geographic Information Systems in Physical Activity Interventions: a Systematic Review.

Introduction: The promotion of physical activity is inextricably dependent on the environment. This systematic review summarizes studies that used geographic information systems to account for the role of geographic features in the design, implementation, or evaluation of interventions that promoted physical activity.

Methods: Pubmed, ProQuest/PsycInfo, and Cochrane Library were searched for physical activity interventions that employed geographic information systems.

Weight Matters-Factors Influencing Eating Behaviors of Vulnerable Women.

Women from low socioeconomic backgrounds are more affected by obesity than men. The influence of weight as a determinant of women's eating behaviors has seldom been studied, especially in Latin America. In this study, we analyzed the food choices of vulnerable women according to their weight status.

Geographic and Social Factors Associated With Chronic Disease Self-Management Program Participation: Going the "Extra-Mile" for Disease Prevention.

Introduction: We examined geographic and social factors associated with participation in the Chronic Disease Self-Management Program (CDSMP) and the Diabetes Self-Management Program (DSMP) implemented at 144 sites in Illinois.

Methods: Programs were delivered by trained facilitators, once per week, during 6 weeks to 1,638 participants aged 50 or older. Of the 1,638 participants, we included in our analysis 1,295 participants with complete geographic information and baseline data on demographic characteristics, health history, and health behaviors.

["We eat in this way because…". Understanding eating behaviors of Chilean women of low socioeconomic status].

Background: The prevalence of obesity is higher in women than in men, especially in those of lower socioeconomic status. It is established that this group tends to have a less healthy diet.

Aim: To explore the eating behaviors of low-income Chilean women.

Lipodystrophy diagnosis in people living with HIV/AIDS: prediction and validation of sex-specific anthropometric models.

Background: Body composition alterations, or lipodystrophy, can lead to serious health problems in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). The objectives of this study are to predict and validate sex-specific anthropometric predictive models for the diagnosis of lipodystrophy in PLWHA.

Methods: A cross-sectional design was employed to recruit 106 PLWHA (men = 65 and women = 41) in Brazil during 2013-2014.

Associations Between Sedentary Behavior, Physical Activity, and Out-of-Pocket Health Care Expenditure: Evidence From Chinese Older Adults.

Objective: This study examined the associations between sedentary behavior, physical activity, and health care expenditures among Chinese older adults.

Method: We conducted a survey on 4,165 older men and women living in major cities in China. Sedentary behavior and physical activity were measured by the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly questionnaire.

Dance and Hometown Associations are Promising Strategies to Improve Physical Activity Participation Among US Nigerian Transnational Immigrants.

Objective: Lack of physical activity participation has been identified as a determinant for negative health outcomes across various ethnicities worldwide and within the USA. We investigated the perceptions of the prospects of promoting dancing within hometown associations as a form for improving physical activity participation for Nigerian Transnational Immigrants (NTIs) in the USA: a migrant cohort subset of individuals who maintain cross-border ties with their indigenous communities of origin.

Method: Using PEN-3 cultural model, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 24 transnational African migrants (11 males and 13 females) living in Chicago to explore culturally sensitive strategies to promote physical activity participation among our target population.

The photo-elicitation of food worlds: A study on the eating behaviors of low socioeconomic Chilean women.

Traditional methods for studying eating behaviors include quantitative methods such as 24-h dietary recalls or food frequency questionnaires. Recently, visual methods such as photo-elicitation (PE) have been recognized as useful for studying and understanding eating behaviors. PE has been defined as the use of images during an interview.