Glass-ionomer and calcium silicate-based cements interactions with human dentine in health and disease: Two-photon fluorescence microscopy and Raman spectroscopy analysis.

Objectives: To investigate the potential mineralising effects of calcium silicate-based dentine replacement material (Biodentine™) in comparison with glass-ionomer cement (GIC) (Fuji IX™) on different human dentine substrates using a multimodal non-invasive optical assessment.

Methods: Cements were applied on artificially demineralised or naturally carious dentine and stored for 4 weeks in phosphate-rich media +/- tetracycline used for mineralisation labelling. Interfacial dentine was examined from the same sample and location before and after aging using two-photon fluorescence microscopy, fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM) and second harmonic generation (SHG) imaging.

Retrospective evaluation of sensory neuropathies after extraction of mandibular third molars with confirmed "high-risk" features on cone beam computed topography scans.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to identify the incidence of inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) injury after extraction of mandibular third molars with confirmed "high-risk" features on cone beam computed topography scans and establish any risk factors that significantly increase the chances of sustaining an IAN injury.

Study Design: This study is a retrospective analysis of outcomes after surgical extraction of 500 mandibular third molars over a 5-year period. All teeth showed signs of contact with or compression of the IAN on cone beam computed topography scans.

Psychometric validation of a pre-existing questionnaire used to measure patient satisfaction following orthodontic treatment in a UK population.

Objective: To determine the psychometric properties of a pre-existing orthodontic satisfaction questionnaire and to assess patient satisfaction of their orthodontic treatment.

Design: Psychometric assessment of a pre-existing orthodontic satisfaction questionnaire.

Setting: Two sites at King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust.

Palatal rugae morphology is associated with variation in tooth number.

This observational study compared palatal rugae morphology in adolescent subjects with normal tooth number and tooth agenesis. Maxillary dental study casts were used to compare rugae number, length and shape. Each study group contained 60 subjects (30 females and 30 males) mean age 13.

A systematic review of interventions after restoring the occluding surfaces of anterior and posterior teeth that are affected by tooth wear with filled resin composites.

Objectives: The aim of this systematic review was to assess intervention rates of direct composite restorations in the worn dentition based on data published in clinical trials.

Methods: Searches of electronic data bases, grey Literature and hand searches were completed, and selection criteria were applied at the title, abstract and full paper stages. Unavailable full papers or papers with unsuitable data were excluded.

The effect of viewing idealised smile images versus nature images via social media on immediate facial satisfaction in young adults: A randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: The objective of this randomised controlled trial (RCT) is to investigate the effect of a social networking site (SNS) on body dissatisfaction, facial and smile dissatisfaction, and face-related discrepancy, and whether these effects differ from the use of appearance-neutral Instagram images. We also aimed to investigate whether there are trends in increased self-reported use of social media and increased body dissatisfaction, facial and smile dissatisfaction, and face-related discrepancy.

Methods: Undergraduate students were randomly allocated to an experimental group with idealised smile images or to a control group with neutral nature images.

A comparison of conventional vs automated digital Peer Assessment Rating scoring using the Carestream 3600 scanner and CS Model+ software system: A randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: A prospective randomized study was undertaken to compare conventional study model-based manual Peer Assessment Rating (PAR) scoring with computer-based automated scoring using scanned study models or intraoral scanning.

Methods: The sample consisted of 67 patients, mean age 15.03 (range 11-37) years.

Embarking on a professional career: social advantage in dentistry and medicine. UK dental and medical student applications and admissions, 1996-2011.

Objectives The objectives of this research were to compare trends in applications and admissions to dentistry and medicine by sociodemographic status, country/region, academic experience and attainment, for UK domiciled students, and also to compare the odds of gaining admission to each course.Methods Secondary analysis of student data from University and College Admissions Services (UCAS) for focused, successful, UK domiciled applicants whose preferred subject was medicine or dentistry from 1996-2011. Trends for both programmes were examined using univariate and multivariate analysis including logistic regression, both with and without tariff scores.

Information retention of orthodontic patients and parents: A randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: A randomized controlled trial was undertaken to compare the efficacy of 3 methods of delivering information on short- and long-term recall of information in orthodontic patients and parents.

Methods: Participants who received an audiovisual presentation on orthodontic treatment were randomly allocated to 1 of 3 written information groups (leaflets, generic mind map, or participant's customized mind map). A questionnaire was used to assess short- and long-term retention of information (maximum score 30).

Survival probability of dental autotransplantation of 366 teeth over 34 years within a hospital setting in the United Kingdom.

Introduction: The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate 34 years' experience of autotransplantation of teeth during orthodontic treatment.

Methodology: Treatment was completed at Queen Mary's Hospital, Sidcup, Kent, UK, during the period 1969-2003. A total of 366 teeth were transplanted in 314 patients.

The impact of dental phobia on care planning: a vignette study.

Introduction A high percentage of people with dental phobia have poor oral health. This may be the result of delayed treatment or differences in care planning by the oral health care team.Aim This study sought to determine the effect, if any, of dental phobia and complexity of dental care on the proposed care plan devised by clinicians for patients.

Expressing Uncertainty in Dental Age Estimation: A Comparison between Two Methods of Calculating the "Average" Standard Deviation.

The expression of uncertainty is defined by the standard deviation and is usually expressed in multiples of the standard deviation (±1sd, ±2sd, and ±3sd). The objective was to use weighting of the sd calculation by the number or count of subjects for each tooth development stage. A comparison shows the difference between the range of uncertainty using the unweighted sd and the weighted sd.

Evaluation of the efficacy of calcium silicate vs. glass ionomer cement indirect pulp capping and restoration assessment criteria: a randomised controlled clinical trial-2-year results.

Objectives: Assess calcium silicate cement (Biodentine™) vs. glass ionomer cement (Fuji IX™, control) as indirect pulp capping (IPC) materials in patients with reversible pulpitis after a 2-year follow-up. Evaluate the integrity of the overlying resin composite restorations using modified USPHS criteria and FDI criteria.

Predictive value of ultrasound scoring in relation to clinical and histological parameters in xerostomia patients.

Background: Salivary gland dysfunction is one of the main clinical features of Sjögren's syndrome (SS), manifested by xerostomia with subsequent complications and well-established effects on the person's quality of life.

Objectives: To determine firstly whether selected tests of salivary gland function and structure, unstimulated whole salivary flow rate (UWSFR), parotid flow rate (PFR), clinical oral dryness score (CODS) and ultrasound score (USS), can discriminate SS from non-SS sicca patients and secondly whether these tests can differentiate between patients in different subgroups of SS.

Method: Unstimulated whole salivary flow rate, PFR, CODS and USS were determined in 244 patients comprised of SS patients (n = 118), SS patients at higher risk of lymphoma (n = 30) or with lymphoma (n = 26), and non-SS sicca disease controls (n = 70).

Canonical Wnt pathway gene expression and their clinical correlation in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Aim: The aim of this study is to explore the prognostic significance and clinicopathological correlations of the Wnt pathway genes in a cohort of surgically treated patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients.

Settings And Design: A prospective genetic study on patients with OSCC was carried out during the period from July 2014 to January 2016. Informed consent from patients and institutional ethical approval for the study was obtained and the guidelines were strictly followed for collection of samples.

An up to 50-year follow-up of crown and veneer survival in a dental practice.

Statement Of Problem: Indirect restorations are an important treatment in dental practice, but long-term survival studies are lacking.

Purpose: The purpose of this retrospective study was to report on the outcome of indirect restorations, which were followed up annually for up to 50 years in a dental practice.

Material And Methods: A retrospective survival study was undertaken at a mixed National Health Service (NHS)/private dental practice in London, UK.

Reduced statherin in acquired enamel pellicle on eroded teeth compared to healthy teeth in the same subjects: An in-vivo study.

The aim of this in-vivo study was to compare total protein and four key salivary proteins present in the acquired enamel pellicle (AEP) on eroded and non-eroded surfaces in participants with erosive tooth wear. Participants with erosive tooth wear of dietary non-intrinsic origin, present on the occlusal surfaces of the lower first molars and an unaffected posterior occlusal surface in the same quadrant were recruited from restorative dental clinics at King's College London Dental Institute (n = 29, REC ref 14/EM/1171). Following removal of the salivary film, AEP samples were collected from the eroded occlusal surfaces (EP, n = 29) and the non-eroded occlusal surfaces (NP, n = 29) using 0.

Quantitative Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography of Early Enamel Erosion in vivo.

Swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) shows potential for the in vivo quantitative evaluation of micro-structural enamel surface phenomena occurring during early erosive demineralization. This randomized controlled single-blind cross-over clinical study aimed to evaluate the use of SS-OCT for detecting optical changes in the enamel of 30 healthy volunteers subjected to orange juice rinsing (erosive challenge) in comparison to mineral water rinsing (control), according to wiped and non-wiped enamel surface states. Participants were randomly allocated to 60 min of orange juice rinsing (pH 3.

Dental Age Estimation-Root Pulp Visibility (RPV) patterns: A reliable Mandibular Maturity Marker at the 18 year threshold.

Unlabelled: The purpose of this paper was to explore the potential application of Root Pulp Visibility (RPV) to determine whether or not a subject of unknown date of birth is under or over the 18year threshold.

Patients, Materials And Methods: Two thousand Dental Panoramic Radiographs comprising equal numbers of females and males evenly distributed between the ages of 16 and 26 years were examined. All third molars were scored using the Anglo-Canadian 8 Stage Tooth Development system [1].

Dental Age Estimation: Pattern Recognition of Root Canal Widths of Mandibular Molars. A Novel Mandibular Maturity Marker at the 18-Year Threshold.

The final stage of third molar development is used to assign a subject to above the 18-year threshold. Some subjects exhibiting this final stage are less than 18 years. Radiographs from 1000 females and 1000 males age 16.

Dental age estimation: periodontal ligament visibility (PLV)-pattern recognition of a conclusive mandibular maturity marker related to the lower left third molar at the 18-year threshold.

The purpose of this study was to explore the applicability of periodontal ligament visibility (PLV) at the 18-year threshold. This mandibular maturity marker is graded into four separate age related stages, PLV-A, PLV-B, PLV-C, and PLV-D. These are discernible on a dental panoramic tomograph (DPT).

A systematic review and meta analysis of the longevity of anterior and posterior all-ceramic crowns.

Background: Clinical experience suggests that there is a difference in survival between anterior and posterior all ceramic restorations.

Objectives: This systematic review compared the difference in survival for full coverage all-ceramic materials used in adults to restore anterior or posterior vital teeth, not involved with fixed dental prostheses, but opposed by teeth.

Data And Sources: Searches using Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Library, including hand searches, with the inclusion criteria containing all-ceramic full coverage crowns in human adults over 17 years of age, prospective and retrospective studies, opposed by teeth, periodontal pocketing ≤5mm, but not involving implant supported crowns or non-vital teeth.

Alteration of palatine ruga pattern in subjects with oligodontia: A pilot study.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to compare the palatal ruga patterns in subjects with oligodontia and normal tooth numbers.

Methods: An observational investigation was conducted by using maxillary dental study casts to compare ruga numbers, lengths, and shapes in subjects with diagnosed oligodontia or normal tooth numbers.

Results: A total of 32 subjects comprised both the oligodontia (mean age, 14.

Dental Age Estimation: A Test of the Reliability of Correctly Identifying a Subject Over 18 Years of Age Using the Gold Standard of Chronological Age as the Comparator.

This study was designed to test the reliability of using the third molars to demarcate between child and adult status. A total of 2000 dental panoramic tomographs were used for assessment of the calculated age using the 8-stage system of tooth development and applied to all four third molars. The LL8 was also assessed using this 8-stage system.