Reaching people soon after a traumatic event: an exploratory observational feasibility study of recruitment in the emergency department to deliver a brief behavioral intervention via smartphone to prevent intrusive memories of trauma.

Background: The current study explored how to recruit patients soon after a traumatic event, to deliver a novel intervention in a new emergency department in Sweden. This brief behavioral intervention aims to prevent intrusive memories and is delivered soon after trauma in the emergency department. In the UK, it has shown promising results.

Long-Term Exposure to Transportation Noise and Risk of Incident Stroke: A Pooled Study of Nine Scandinavian Cohorts.

Background: Transportation noise is increasingly acknowledged as a cardiovascular risk factor, but the evidence base for an association with stroke is sparse.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the association between transportation noise and stroke incidence in a large Scandinavian population.

Methods: We harmonized and pooled data from nine Scandinavian cohorts (seven Swedish, two Danish), totaling 135,951 participants.

Efficacy and cost-effectiveness of therapist-guided internet-delivered behaviour therapy for children and adolescents with Tourette syndrome: study protocol for a single-blind randomised controlled trial.

Background: Treatment guidelines recommend behaviour therapy (BT) for patients with Tourette syndrome (TS) and chronic tic disorder (CTD). However, BT is rarely accessible due to limited availability of trained therapists and long travel distances to specialist clinics. Internet-delivered BT has the potential of overcoming these barriers through remote delivery of treatment with minimal therapist support.

Validity and Reliability of Hydraulic-Analogy Bioenergetic Models in Sprint Roller Skiing.

To develop a method for individual parameter estimation of four hydraulic-analogy bioenergetic models and to assess the validity and reliability of these models' prediction of aerobic and anaerobic metabolic utilization during sprint roller-skiing. Eleven elite cross-country skiers performed two treadmill roller-skiing time trials on a course consisting of three flat sections interspersed by two uphill sections. Aerobic and anaerobic metabolic rate contributions, external power output, and gross efficiency were determined.

The Cost of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in Swedish Youth.

The economic impact of pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) on society is unknown. We compared a wide range of individual-level cost data of children 7-17 years with OCD (n = 152) with a control group from the general population in Sweden (n = 768). The total annual cost in the OCD group was M = 11941€ (95%CI [9915-13966]), compared to the control group M = 6380 € (95%CI [5461-7299]), corresponding to an estimated marginal mean cost of OCD of 5560 € per person and year (z = 4.

Highly efficient manipulation of nervous system gene expression with NEPTUNE.

Genetic loss and gain of function in mice have typically been studied by using knockout or knockin mice that take months to years to generate. To address this problem for the nervous system, we developed NEPTUNE (NEural Plate Targeting by NanoinjEction) to rapidly and flexibly transduce the neural plate with virus prior to neurulation, and thus manipulate the future nervous system. Stable integration in >95% of cells in the brain enabled long-term overexpression, and conditional expression was achieved by using cell-type-specific MiniPromoters.

Surveillance of indeterminate pulmonary nodules detected with CT in a Swedish population-based study (SCAPIS): psychosocial consequences and impact on health-related quality of life-a multicentre prospective cross-sectional study.

Objectives: To investigate whether surveillance of pulmonary nodules detected with low-dose CT (LDCT) impacted health-related quality of life and psychosocial consequences in the Swedish population-based study, Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS).

Design: A prospective cross-sectional study.

Settings And Participants: This multicentre (five sites) observational study, which included a cohort from SCAPIS, consisted of 632 participants with indeterminate pulmonary nodules detected with LDCT.

Long-term exposure to particulate air pollution and black carbon in relation to natural and cause-specific mortality: a multicohort study in Sweden.

Objectives: To estimate concentration-response relationships for particulate matter (PM) and black carbon (BC) in relation to mortality in cohorts from three Swedish cities with comparatively low pollutant levels.

Setting: Cohorts from Gothenburg, Stockholm and Umeå, Sweden.

Design: High-resolution dispersion models were used to estimate annual mean concentrations of PM with aerodynamic diameter ≤10 µm (PM10) and ≤2.

Pulmonary Recruitment Maneuver Reduces Shoulder Pain and Nausea After Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Pain and nausea are common after laparoscopic surgery. This prospective, randomized, controlled trial aimed to investigate postoperative pain and as a secondary endpoint nausea, when performing a ventilator-piloted Pulmonary Recruitment Maneuvre (PRM) at the end of laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Method: Patients having elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy were randomized to either ordinary exsufflation or ventilator-piloted PRM, to evacuate intra-abdominal carbon dioxide (CO) before abdominal closure.

Indirect comparison of efficacy of dupilumab mepolizumab and omalizumab for severe type 2 asthma.

https://bit.ly/3pK9Nf9.

Robust humoral and cellular immune responses and low risk for reinfection at least 8 months following asymptomatic to mild COVID-19.

Background: Emerging data support detectable immune responses for months after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and vaccination, but it is not yet established to what degree and for how long protection against reinfection lasts.

Methods: We investigated SARS-CoV-2-specific humoral and cellular immune responses more than 8 months post-asymptomatic, mild and severe infection in a cohort of 1884 healthcare workers (HCW) and 51 hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Possible protection against SARS-CoV-2 reinfection was analyzed by a weekly 3-month polymerase chain reaction (PCR) screening of 252 HCW that had seroconverted 7 months prior to start of screening and 48 HCW that had remained seronegative at multiple time points.

Anaerobic Capacity in Running: The Effect of Computational Method.

Introduction: To date, no study has compared anaerobic capacity (AnC) estimates computed with the maximal accumulated oxygen deficit (MAOD) method and the gross energy cost (GEC) method applied to treadmill running exercise.

Purpose: Four different models for estimating anaerobic energy supply during treadmill running exercise were compared.

Methods: Fifteen endurance-trained recreational athletes performed, after a 10-min warm-up, five 4-min stages at ∼55-80% of peak oxygen uptake, and a 4-min time trial (TT).

Dust Exposures in Swedish Soft Tissue Paper Mills.

Objectives: Paper dust has previously been linked to adverse health effects. However, a comprehensive dataset of paper dust exposures does not appear to have been published previously. Our study was intended to address this need by describing a large dataset of measurements made in Swedish soft tissue paper mills.

Targeting excessive avoidance behavior to reduce anxiety related to asthma: A feasibility study of an exposure-based treatment delivered online.

There is an established relationship between anxiety and asthma, which is associated with poor health outcomes. Most previous cognitive behavior therapies (CBT) have focused on comorbid panic disorder whereas anxiety related to asthma may rather be illness-specific. The feasibility of an online CBT targeting avoidance behavior in anxiety related to asthma was evaluated, using a pretest-posttest design.

Obstruction after Sleeve Gastrectomy, Prevalence, and Interventions: a Cohort Study of 9,726 Patients with Data from the Scandinavian Obesity Surgery Registry (SOReg).

Background: Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) is the most common bariatric procedure worldwide. Obstructive symptoms, together with leaks, are among the most serious postoperative complications. This study aimed to investigate the incidence of symptomatic obstruction after SG in Sweden and to explore risk factors, treatment strategies, and outcome.

Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in drinking water and risk for polycystic ovarian syndrome, uterine leiomyoma, and endometriosis: A Swedish cohort study.

Background: Perfluorinated substances (PFAS) are chemicals with endocrine disruptive properties that may interfere with the female reproductive system. However, few studies have explored the association between benign gynecological diseases and high PFAS exposure.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the possible associations between PFAS exposure and subsequent diagnosis of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), uterine leiomyoma (fibroids), and endometriosis in a cohort exposed to PFAS through drinking water.

Function and Biomarkers of the Blood-Brain Barrier in a Neonatal Germinal Matrix Haemorrhage Model.

Germinal matrix haemorrhage (GMH), caused by rupturing blood vessels in the germinal matrix, is a prevalent driver of preterm brain injuries and death. Our group recently developed a model simulating GMH using intrastriatal injections of collagenase in 5-day-old rats, which corresponds to the brain development of human preterm infants. This study aimed to define changes to the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and to evaluate BBB proteins as biomarkers in this GMH model.

An Analysis of Warm-Up Strategies at a Cross-Country Skiing National Championship.

Purpose: To provide a descriptive analysis of the warm-up (WU) strategies employed by cross-country skiers prior to distance and sprint competitions at a national championship and to compare the skiers' planned and executed WUs prior to the respective competitions.

Methods: Twenty-one national- and international-level skiers (11 women and 10 men) submitted WU plans prior to the distance and sprint competitions, and after the competitions, reported any deviations from the plans. Skiers used personal monitors to record heart rate (HR) during WU, races, and cooldown.

Cost-effectiveness of Internet-Delivered vs In-Person Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Children and Adolescents With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.

Importance: Therapist-guided, internet-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy is an effective treatment option for children and adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder, but to our knowledge, its cost-effectiveness compared with traditional in-person treatment has not been established.

Objective: To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of guided internet-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy implemented within a stepped-care model compared with in-person cognitive behavioral therapy for young people with obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This economic evaluation of a randomized noninferiority trial conducted at 2 specialist obsessive-compulsive disorder clinics in Sweden enrolled 152 children and adolescents aged 8 to 17 years with obsessive-compulsive disorder, mainly through clinician referrals (110 [72%]).

Systemic Inflammation in Preclinical Ulcerative Colitis.

Background & Aims: Preclinical ulcerative colitis is poorly defined. We aimed to characterize the preclinical systemic inflammation in ulcerative colitis, using a comprehensive set of proteins.

Methods: We obtained plasma samples biobanked from individuals who developed ulcerative colitis later in life (n = 72) and matched healthy controls (n = 140) within a population-based screening cohort.

Therapist-guided online metacognitive intervention for excessive worry: a randomized controlled trial with mediation analysis.

Previous studies have found an association between excessive worrying and negative beliefs about worry. It is unclear if change in these beliefs mediate worry reduction. This study aimed to examine (1) if a simplified online metacognitive intervention can reduce worry, (2) whether changes in negative beliefs about worry mediate changes in worry severity, and (3) moderated mediation, i.

Return on investment of internet delivered exposure therapy for irritable bowel syndrome: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a debilitating and costly disorder. Cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) is effective in the treatment of IBS, both when delivered over the internet and in face-to-face settings. CBT consists of different components and little is known about their relative importance.

Integrating solutions to adapt cities for climate change.

Record climate extremes are reducing urban liveability, compounding inequality, and threatening infrastructure. Adaptation measures that integrate technological, nature-based, and social solutions can provide multiple co-benefits to address complex socioecological issues in cities while increasing resilience to potential impacts. However, there remain many challenges to developing and implementing integrated solutions.