PROSPECTIVE ASSOCIATIONS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND SEDENTARY TIME IN ADOLESCENCE WITH CARDIOMETABOLIC RISK IN YOUNG ADULTHOOD.

Purpose: The relationship between sedentary time, physical activity, and cardiometabolic risk factors during the transition from adolescence to adulthood remain uncertain. We examined the prospective associations of sedentary time and physical activity at age 15 with cardiometabolic risk markers at age 24.Methods: We used data from the Physical Activity among Norwegian Children Studies (PANCS).

Physical activity behaviors and screen time in young childhood cancer survivors: the Physical Activity in Childhood Cancer Survivors Study.

Purpose: In childhood cancer survivors (CCS), high physical activity (PA) and low sedentary time may reduce risks of late-effects. PA behaviors and screen time, and how they relate to moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) in CCS, are largely unknown. We examined PA behaviors and screen time, and their cross-sectional associations with MVPA.

Physical Activity Volume, Intensity, and Mortality: Harmonized Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies.

Introduction: It is unclear whether moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) is associated with a lower mortality risk, over and above its contribution to total physical activity volume.

Methods: 46,682 adults (mean age: 64 years) were included in a meta-analysis of nine prospective cohort studies. Each cohort generated tertiles of accelerometry-measured physical activity volume and volume-adjusted MVPA.

Effects on physical activity, physical fitness and well-being in a 36-months randomized controlled study, comparing a multimodal hospital-based intervention programme for primary cardiovascular prevention with usual care.

Background: Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide, and primary prevention efforts are poorly developed in people at high cardiovascular risk. On this background, we performed the Hjerteløftet Study and demonstrated that participation over 36 months in a multimodal primary prevention programme, significantly reduced validated cardiovascular risk scores. In the current substudy we aimed to further explore several elements and effects following the intervention programme.

Longitudinal changes in device-measured physical activity from childhood to young adulthood: the PANCS follow-up study.

Background: There is a lack of longitudinal studies examining changes in device-measured physical activity and sedentary time from childhood to young adulthood. We aimed to assess changes in device-measured physical activity and sedentary time from childhood, through adolescence, into young adulthood in a Norwegian sample of ostensibly healthy men and women.

Methods: A longitudinal cohort of 731 Norwegian boys and girls (49% girls) participated at age 9 years (2005-2006) and 15 years (2011-2012), and 258 of these participated again at age 24 years (2019-2021; including the COVID-19 pandemic period).

Physical Activity, Fitness, and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Adolescent Childhood Cancer Survivors Compared to Controls: The Physical Activity in Childhood Cancer Survivors Study.

Childhood cancer survivors have increased risk of cardiac late effects that can be potentially mitigated by physical activity and fitness. We aimed to (1) compare cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk between survivors and controls, and (2) examine whether the associations of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), and musculoskeletal fitness (MSF) with CVD risk factors differed between survivors and controls. Within the Physical Activity in Childhood Cancer Survivors (PACCS) study, we assessed CVD risk factors (android fat mass, systolic blood pressure [SBP], total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein [HDL]-cholesterol, and glycosylated hemoglobin) in 157 childhood cancer survivors and 113 age- and sex-matched controls aged 9-18 years.

Physical Activity Among Adolescent Cancer Survivors: The PACCS Study.

Objectives: Physical activity (PA) may modify risks of late effects after cancer. We aimed to examine levels of PA and sedentary time (ST) in a large, international sample of adolescent childhood cancer survivors in relation to sociodemographic and cancer-related factors and compare levels of PA and ST to reference cohorts.

Methods: Survivors from any cancer diagnosis who had completed cancer treatment ≥1 year ago, aged 9 to 16 years, were eligible for the multicenter Physical Activity in Childhood Cancer Survivors study.

Physical activity: associations with health and summary of guidelines.

The understanding of how physical activity and insufficient physical activity are associated with health outcomes has increased considerably over the past decades. Along with physical activity, the evidence on the associations between sedentary behavior and health has increased, which has resulted in the introduction of recommendations of sedentary behavior. In this article, we 1) present terminology for physical activity and sedentary behavior epidemiology, 2) show the relevant scientific evidence on associations of physical activity and sedentary behavior with selected health-related outcomes and 3) introduce the global guidelines for physical activity and sedentary behavior by the World Health Organization (WHO).

Effects of a school-based physical activity intervention on cardiometabolic health 5 years after cessation.

Background: While there have been several school-based physical activity (PA) interventions targeting improvement in cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, few have assessed long-term effects. The aim of this paper was therefore to determine intervention effects on CVD risk factors 5 years after cessation.

Methods: Two schools were assigned to intervention (n = 125) or control (n = 134).

Randomized trial of cardiovascular prevention in Norway combining an in-hospital lifestyle course with primary care follow-up: the Hjerteløftet study.

Aims: Cardiovascular risk factor control is suboptimal in Europe, including Norway. The present study examined the efficacy of a multimodal primary prevention intervention programme based on the existing Norwegian health care system.

Methods And Results: In this open-label randomized controlled trial, adult patients with elevated cardiovascular risk were randomly assigned to an intervention programme including a hospital-based lifestyle course and primary care follow-up or to a control group (CG).

[Recommendations on physical activity and sedentary behaviour].

Recommendations on physical activity and sedentary behaviour for improved health have been prepared by Professional Associations for Physical Activity (YFA) and approved by the Swedish Society of Medicine. All adults should do aerobic physical activity 150-300 minutes at moderate or 75-150 minutes at high intensity, or combined, at a weekly basis. For additional health benefits, muscle-strengthening activity should be performed on at least 2 days a week, and sedentary time should be limited and replaced by physical activity.

Device-measured physical activity and cardiovascular disease risk in adolescent childhood cancer survivors. A physical activity in childhood cancer survivors (PACCS) study.

Objectives: We aimed to compare cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in childhood cancer survivors (CCS) with age- and sex-stratified reference material and examine the association between physical activity (PA) intensities and CVD risk factors in CCS.

Materials And Methods: Within the cross-sectional, multicenter (PACCS) study, we collected data on CVD risk factors [VO (mL⋅kg⋅min), body mass index (BMI, kg/m), systolic blood pressure (SBP, mmHg), and total-cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol (Total/HDL)] among CCS aged 9-18 years. CVD risk factors were compared to references with immediate -tests.

AURTHO: Autoregulation of transcription factors as facilitator of cis-acting element discovery.

Transcriptional regulation is key in bacteria for providing an adequate response in time and space to changing environmental conditions. However, despite decades of research, the binding sites and therefore the target genes and the function of most transcription factors (TFs) remain unknown. Filling this gap in knowledge through conventional methods represents a colossal task which we demonstrate here can be significantly facilitated by a widespread feature in transcriptional control: the autoregulation of TFs implying that the yet unknown transcription factor binding site (TFBS) is neighboring the TF itself.

Device-measured sedentary time in Norwegian children and adolescents in the era of ubiquitous internet access: secular changes between 2005, 2011 and 2018.

Background: Access to screen-based media has been revolutionized during the past two decades. How this has affected sedentary time (ST) accumulation in children is poorly understood.

Methods: This study, based on the Physical Activity among Norwegian Children Study (PANCS), uses accelerometer data from population-based samples of 9- and 15-year-olds, collected in 2005 (n = 1722), 2011 (n = 1587) and 2018 (n = 1859).

The Physical Activity and Fitness in Childhood Cancer Survivors (PACCS) Study: Protocol for an International Mixed Methods Study.

Background: Survivors of childhood cancer represent a growing population with a long life expectancy but high risks of treatment-induced morbidity and premature mortality. Regular physical activity (PA) may improve their long-term health; however, high-quality empirical knowledge is sparse.

Objective: The Physical Activity and Fitness in Childhood Cancer Survivors (PACCS) study comprises 4 work packages (WPs) aiming for the objective determination of PA and self-reported health behavior, fatigue, and quality of life (WP 1); physical fitness determination (WP 2); the evaluation of barriers to and facilitators of PA (WP 1 and 3); and the feasibility testing of an intervention to increase PA and physical fitness (WP 4).

Daily steps and all-cause mortality: a meta-analysis of 15 international cohorts.

Background: Although 10 000 steps per day is widely promoted to have health benefits, there is little evidence to support this recommendation. We aimed to determine the association between number of steps per day and stepping rate with all-cause mortality.

Methods: In this meta-analysis, we identified studies investigating the effect of daily step count on all-cause mortality in adults (aged ≥18 years), via a previously published systematic review and expert knowledge of the field.

Influence of Guideline Operationalization on Youth Activity Prevalence in the International Children's Accelerometry Database.

Introduction: The United Kingdom and World Health Organization recently changed their youth physical activity (PA) guidelines from 60 min of moderate- to vigorous-intensity PA (MVPA) every day, to an average of 60 min of MVPA per day, over a week. The changes are based on expert opinion due to insufficient evidence comparing health outcomes associated with different guideline definitions. This study used the International Children's Accelerometry Database to compare approaches to calculating youth PA compliance and associations with health indicators.

The virulome of in response to cello-oligosaccharide elicitors.

The development of spots or lesions symptomatic of common scab on root and tuber crops is caused by few pathogenic with 87-22 as the model species. Thaxtomin phytotoxins are the primary virulence determinants, mainly acting by impairing cellulose synthesis, and their production in is in turn boosted by cello-oligosaccharides released from host plants. In this work we aimed to determine which molecules and which biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) of the specialized metabolism of 87-22 show a production and/or a transcriptional response to cello-oligosaccharides.

Aerobic fitness mediates the intervention effects of a school-based physical activity intervention on academic performance. The school in Motion study - A cluster randomized controlled trial.

Little information exists on the mechanism of how physical activity interventions effects academic performance. We examined whether the effects of a school-based physical activity intervention on academic performance were mediated by aerobic fitness. The School in Motion study was a nine-month cluster randomized controlled trial between September 2017 and June 2018.

Device-measured physical activity, adiposity and mortality: a harmonised meta-analysis of eight prospective cohort studies.

Background: The joint associations of total and intensity-specific physical activity with obesity in relation to all-cause mortality risk are unclear.

Methods: We included 34 492 adults (72% women, median age 62.1 years, 2034 deaths during follow-up) in a harmonised meta-analysis of eight population-based prospective cohort studies with mean follow-up ranging from 6.

Influence of adiposity and physical activity on the cardiometabolic association pattern of lipoprotein subclasses to aerobic fitness in prepubertal children.

Aerobic fitness (AF) and lipoprotein subclasses associate to each other and to cardiovascular health. Adiposity and physical activity (PA) influence the association pattern of AF to lipoproteins almost inversely making it difficult to assess their independent and joint influence on the association pattern. This study, including 841 children (50% boys) 10.

The longitudinal association between objectively measured physical activity and mental health among Norwegian adolescents.

Background: Mental health among young people in many countries, including Norway, seems to be deteriorating. Physical activity (PA) has been positively associated with mental health. However, methodological issues related to study design and measurement of PA and mental health outcomes currently limits our understanding of the relationship.

Effect of 5 years of exercise training on the cardiovascular risk profile of older adults: the Generation 100 randomized trial.

Aims: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of 5 years of supervised exercise training (ExComb), and the differential effects of subgroups of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT), with control on the cardiovascular risk profile in older adults.

Methods And Results: Older adults aged 70-77 years from Trondheim, Norway (n = 1567, 50% women), able to safely perform exercise training were randomized to 5 years of two weekly sessions of HIIT [∼90% of peak heart rate (HR), n = 400] or MICT (∼70% of peak HR, n = 387), together forming ExComb (n = 787), or control (instructed to follow physical activity recommendations, n = 780). The main outcome was a continuous cardiovascular risk score (CCR), individual cardiovascular risk factors, and peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak).

The Long-term Effect of Different Exercise Intensities on High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol in Older Men and Women Using the Per Protocol Approach: The Generation 100 Study.

Objective: To examine whether 5 years of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) increases high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentration more than moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) and control (CON) in older men and women.

Methods: A total of 1567 older adults (790 [50.4%] women) were randomized (2:1:1) to either CON (n=780; asked to follow the national recommendations for physical activity) or 2 weekly sessions of HIIT (10-minute warm-up followed by 4×4-minute intervals at ∼90% of peak heart rate) or MICT (50 minutes of continuous work at ∼70% of peak heart rate).