Sphere-forming-like cells (squamospheres) with cancer stem-like cell traits from VX2 rabbit buccal squamous cell carcinoma.

Previous studies have demonstrated that spheroid type cells grown under suspension culture conditions have cancer stem cell (CSC) traits in a number of cancers, but this phenomenon has not yet been reported in the VX2 rabbit oral cancer model. Hence, this study aimed to study the spheroid cells from VX2 rabbit buccal squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) and assess their CSC characteristics. Five adult male New Zealand white outbred rabbits were used to generate VX2 rabbit buccal SCC.

Overexpression of Smad proteins, especially Smad7, in oral epithelial dysplasias.

Objective: Transforming growth factor β, via membrane-bound receptors and downstream Smad2-4, 7, can modulate tumorigenesis. Smad2 and Smad3 heterodimerize with Smad4, and the complex migrates to the nucleus to regulate the expression of target genes. Smad7 is a key negative regulator of this signaling pathway.

Human dental pulp stem cells derived from different cryopreservation methods of human dental pulp tissues of diseased teeth.

Background: Successful isolation of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) has been documented at least 120h after tooth extraction. Viable hDPSCs have been isolated chiefly from cryopreserved healthy molar teeth and their undigested dental pulp tissue. Isolation of hDPSCs from diseased but vital teeth after cryopreservation has not been reported.

Aberrant expression in multiple components of the transforming growth factor-β1-induced Smad signaling pathway during 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-induced hamster buccal-pouch squamous-cell carcinogenesis.

Unlabelled: Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 signaling controls a plethora of cellular processes including tumorigenesis. The TGF-β1 ligand initiates signaling by binding to TGF-βreceptor II (TβRII) and allowing heterodimerization with TGF-βreceptor I (TβRI); thus, TβRI is phosphorylated by TβRII. After phosphorylation, Smad2 and Smad3 heterodimerize with Smad4, and this complex migrates to the nucleus to regulate the expression of specific target genes.

VX2-induced rabbit buccal carcinoma: a potential cancer model for human buccal mucosa squamous cell carcinoma.

The buccal mucosa is the site at highest risk of contracting malignancy in habitual betel-quid chewers who expose the buccal mucosa to high doses of carcinogens. Of all oral squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs), those of the buccal mucosa are most associated with the poorest prognoses. Therefore, an animal model would be helpful to evaluate new treatment modalities for buccal SCC.

Isolation and characterization of normal hamster buccal pouch stem/stromal cells--a potential oral cancer stem/stem-like cell model.

The hamster buccal pouch (HBP) is an appropriate experimental model for buccal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Our objective was to isolate and characterize the stem/stromal cells from normal HBP. HBP stem/stromal cells were successfully derived from three of five normal pouch tissues, which differentiated into adipogenic, chondrogenic, and osteogenic lineages, and also expressed stem cell and differentiation markers, indicating their stem cell origin and differentiation capability.

Isolation and characterization of human dental pulp stem/stromal cells from nonextracted crown-fractured teeth requiring root canal therapy.

Introduction: Human dental pulp stem/stromal cells (hDPSCs) in adults are primarily derived from the pulp tissues of permanent third molar teeth in existing literatures, whereas no reports exist, to our knowledge, on deriving hDPSCs from a tooth without the need for surgical procedure. The aim of this study was to raise a novel idea to source hDPSCs from complicated crown-fractured teeth requiring root canal therapy.

Methods: hDPSCs were harvested from the pulp tissues for two complicated crown-fractured teeth requiring root canal therapy, retaining the teeth for subsequent prosthodontic rehabilitation, in a 41-year-old woman who had suffered a motorcycle accident.

Putative dental pulp-derived stem/stromal cells promote proliferation and differentiation of endogenous neural cells in the hippocampus of mice.

Until now, interest in dental pulp stem/stromal cell (DPSC) research has centered on mineralization and tooth repair. Beginning a new paradigm in DPSC research, we grafted undifferentiated, untreated DPSCs into the hippocampus of immune-suppressed mice. The rhesus DPSC (rDPSC) line used was established from the dental pulp of rhesus macaques and found to be similar to human bone marrow/mesenchymal stem cells, which express Nanog, Rex-1, Oct-4, and various cell surface antigens, and have multipotent differentiation capability.

Postnatal stem/progenitor cells derived from the dental pulp of adult chimpanzee.

Background: Chimpanzee dental pulp stem/stromal cells (ChDPSCs) are very similar to human bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (hBMSCs) as demonstrated by the expression pattern of cell surface markers and their multipotent differentiation capability.

Results: ChDPSCs were isolated from an incisor and a canine of a forty-seven year old female chimpanzee. A homogenous population of ChDPSCs was established in early culture at a high proliferation rate and verified by the expression pattern of thirteen cell surface markers.

Isolation and characterization of dental pulp stem cells from a supernumerary tooth.

Background: Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) were primarily derived from the pulp tissues of primary incisors and permanent third molar teeth, whereas no report to our knowledge has yet been documented on deriving DPSCs from the other tooth types. The aim of this study is to present a novel approach of harvesting stem cells from a supernumerary tooth (a mesiodens).

Materials And Methods: The pulp tissues from a mesiodens of a 20-year-old healthy male patient and the left lower deciduous canine of a healthy 10-year-old boy (the positive control) were extracted and cultured for DPSCs, which were examined with stem cells (Oct-4, Nanog and Rex-1) and differentiation (Osteonectin and Nestin) markers.