Association between Clinical and Histopathological Findings in Intestinal Neuronal Dysplasia Type B: An Advance towards Its Definition as a Disease.

Introduction: Intestinal neuronal dysplasia type B (IND-B) is a controversial entity that affects the submucosal nerve plexus of the distal intestine. The lack of definition of the causal relationship between histological findings and clinical symptoms has been identified as the primary point to be elucidated in the scientific investigation related to IND-B, which is essential for it to be considered a disease.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between histopathological findings and symptoms in a series of patients with IND-B.

Incidence of Delirium in Critically Ill Patients With and Without COVID-19.

Background: It is known that patients with COVID-19 are at high risk of developing delirium. The aim of the study was to compare the incidence of delirium between critically ill patients with and without a diagnosis of COVID-19.

Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted in a southern Brazilian hospital from March 2020 to January 2021.

Challenges in the diagnosis of intestinal neuronal dysplasia type B: A look beyond the number of ganglion cells.

Intestinal neuronal dysplasia type B (IND-B) is a controversial condition among gastrointestinal neuromuscular disorders. Constipation is its most common clinical manifestation in patients. Despite intense scientific research, there are still knowledge gaps regarding the diagnostic criteria for IND-B in the histopathological analysis of rectal biopsies.

Linear and non-linear analysis of heart rate variability in HIV-positive patients on two different antiretroviral therapy regimens.

Background: Cardiac autonomic dysfunction in HIV+ patients on different antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens has been described. We aimed to characterize parameters of heart rate variability (HRV) and correlate with different classes of ART in HIV+ patients in three experimental conditions: rest, cold face, and tilt tests.

Methods: Cross-sectional study with three groups of age- and gender-matched individuals: group 1, 44 HIV+ patients undergoing combination therapy, with two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) and one non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI); group 2, 42 HIV+ patients using two NRTI and protease inhibitors (PI's); and group 3, 35 healthy volunteers with negative HIV serology (control group).

Brazilian guidelines for the management of brain-dead potential organ donors. The task force of the Associação de Medicina Intensiva Brasileira, Associação Brasileira de Transplantes de Órgãos, Brazilian Research in Critical Care Network, and the General Coordination of the National Transplant System.

Objective: To contribute to updating the recommendations for brain-dead potential organ donor management.

Methods: A group of 27 experts, including intensivists, transplant coordinators, transplant surgeons, and epidemiologists, answered questions related to the following topics were divided into mechanical ventilation, hemodynamics, endocrine-metabolic management, infection, body temperature, blood transfusion, and checklists use. The outcomes considered were cardiac arrests, number of organs removed or transplanted as well as function / survival of transplanted organs.

The Effect of Reconnection to Mechanical Ventilation for 1 Hour After Spontaneous Breathing Trial on Reintubation Among Patients Ventilated for More Than 12 Hours: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: The resting of the respiratory musculature after undergoing the spontaneous breathing trial (SBT) to prevent extubation failures in critically ill patients needs to be studied further.

Research Question: Is the reconnection to mechanical ventilation (MV) for 1 h after a successful SBT able to reduce the risk of reintubation?

Study Design And Methods: Randomized clinical trial conducted in four ICUs between August 2018 and July 2019. Candidates for tracheal extubation who met all screening criteria for weaning were included.

Brazilian guidelines for the management of brain-dead potential organ donors. The task force of the AMIB, ABTO, BRICNet, and the General Coordination of the National Transplant System.

Objective: To contribute to updating the recommendations for brain-dead potential organ donor management.

Method: A group of 27 experts, including intensivists, transplant coordinators, transplant surgeons, and epidemiologists, joined a task force formed by the General Coordination Office of the National Transplant System/Brazilian Ministry of Health (CGSNT-MS), the Brazilian Association of Intensive Care Medicine (AMIB), the Brazilian Association of Organ Transplantation (ABTO), and the Brazilian Research in Intensive Care Network (BRICNet). The questions were developed within the scope of the 2011 Brazilian Guidelines for Management of Adult Potential Multiple-Organ Deceased Donors.

Technical note and clinical instructions for Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in patients with Covid-19: Brazilian Society of Nephrology and Brazilian Association of Intensive Care Medicine.

We produced this document to bring pertinent information to the practice of nephrology, as regards to the renal involvement with COVID-19, the management of acute kidney injury cases, and practical guidance on the provision of dialysis support.As information on COVID-19 evolves at a pace never before seen in medical science, these recommendations, although based on recent scientific evidence, refer to the present moment. The guidelines may be updated when published data and other relevant information become available.

MEF2C repressor variant deregulation leads to cell cycle re-entry and development of heart failure.

Background: A pathophysiological link exists between dysregulation of MEF2C transcription factors and heart failure (HF), but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Alternative splicing of MEF2C exons α, β and γ provides transcript diversity with gene activation or repression functionalities.

Methods: Neonatal and adult rat ventricular myocytes were used to overexpress MEF2C splicing variants γ+ (repressor) or γ-, or the inactive MEF2Cγ+23/24 (K23T/R24L).

Accidents in childhood: casuistry of a tertiary service in a medium-sized city in Brazil.

Objective: to investigate the main causes and most common risk situations related to childhood accidents, in our local reality.

Methods: an observational, cross-sectional, retrospective, descriptive, and analytical study from the medical records of patients attended in the pediatric emergency services of the hospital complex of Hospital das Clínicas, Botucatu Medical School - UNESP, in 2016. We included patients from zero to 15 years old who had received medical care related to accidents, determining age, gender, type of accident, period of the day, accident place, and history of previous accidents.

Intravenous rtPA versus mechanical thrombectomy in acute ischemic stroke: A historical cohort in Joinville, Brazil.

Groundbreaking results concerning ischemic stroke (IS) hyperacute treatment worldwide were published in 2014 and 2015. We aimed to compare functional status after 3 months in patients treated with intra-arterial thrombectomy (IAT) and those treated with intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) alone in Joinville, Brazil. From the Joinville Stroke Registry, we extracted and compared all consecutive IVT patients treated with r-tPA within 4.

Trends of Stroke Incidence from 1995 to 2013 in Joinville, Brazil.

Background: Temporal trends on the incidence of stroke and its subtypes could help assess on-going public health policies and point to further targets for action among middle- and low-income countries, where the stroke burden is very high. This study aimed at evaluating longitudinal trends of stroke incidence in Joinville, Brazil.

Methods: We ascertained the incidence of all first-ever strokes occurred in 1995, 2005-2006 and 2012-2013, which were extracted from Joinville Stroke Registry, a prospective epidemiological data bank, launched in 1995.

Incidence and mortality of ischemic stroke subtypes in Joinville, Brazil: a population-based study.

Aims: To measure the incidence and mortality rates of ischemic stroke (IS) subtypes in Joinville, Brazil.

Methods: All first-ever IS patients that occurred in Joinville from January 2005 to December 2006 were identified. The IS subtypes were classified by the TOAST criteria, and the patients were followed-up for one year after IS onset.

Three-year survival and recurrence after first-ever stroke: the Joinville stroke registry.

Background: Data estimating the recurrence and risk of death are lacking in low and middle income countries, where two thirds of the stroke burden occurs. Previously we had shown that the incidence and mortality have been decreasing over the last 18 years in Joinville, Southern Brazil. In this study, we aim to determine the recurrence rates, survival rates and the cause of death in 3 years after their first-ever incident in a urban population-based setting.

Trends of the Incidence of Ischemic Stroke Thrombolysis over Seven Years and One-Year Outcome: A Population-Based Study in Joinville, Brazil.

Background: In a population-based setting, we aimed to measure the incidence trends of ischemic stroke (IS) thrombolysis, thrombolysis times, proportion of symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH), 30-day case fatality and functional outcomes. We also compared the 12-month functional status between thrombolyzed and nonthrombolyzed patients.

Methods: Using data from the Joinville Population-Based Stroke Registry, we prospectively ascertained a cohort of all thrombolyses done in Joinville citizens, Southern Brazil, from 2005 to 2011.

The Brazilian Family Health Program and secondary stroke and myocardial infarction prevention: a 6-year cohort study.

Objectives: We compared the incidence of recurrent or fatal cardiovascular disease in patients using Brazil's government-run Family Health Program (FHP) with those using non-FHP models of care.

Methods: From 2005 to 2010, we followed outpatients discharged from city public hospitals after a first ever stroke for stroke recurrence and myocardial infarction, using data from all city hospitals, death certificates, and outpatient monitoring in state-run and private units.

Results: In the follow-up period, 103 patients in the FHP units and 138 in the non-FHP units had exclusively state-run care.

Novel processed form of syndecan-1 shed from SCC-9 cells plays a role in cell migration.

The extracellular milieu is comprised in part by products of cellular secretion and cell surface shedding. The presence of such molecules of the sheddome and secretome in the context of the extracellular milieu may have important clinical implications. In cancer they have been hypothesized to play a role in tumor growth and metastasis.

Age dependent impact of estimated glomerular filtration rate on long-term survival after ischaemic stroke.

Aims: Low estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is associated with high mortality after stroke. However, ageing can influence eGFR directly and limit this burden impact. We investigated if low eGFR can be a predictor of death in different age groups after ischaemic stroke.

Transient ischemic attack incidence in joinville, Brazil, 2010: a population-based study.

Background And Purpose: There are scarce data on transient ischemic attack incidence in low- and middle-income countries. We aimed to measure transient ischemic attack incidence and the distribution of the ABCD2 risk score in Joinville, Brazil.

Methods: In 2009 to 2010, using a multiple overlapping sources, we ascertained all first ever probable and definite transient ischemic attacks.

Stopping renin-angiotensin system inhibitors in chronic kidney disease: predictors of response.

Background/aims: Renin-angiotensin system (RAS) inhibitors are considered first-line agents for hypertensive patients with progressive chronic kidney disease (CKD). In a previous study, we showed that stopping RAS inhibitors increased estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in a significant number of advanced CKD patients. The present study tries to address who would benefit and whether this benefit is predictable.

Guidelines for potential multiple organ donors (adult). Part III: organ-specific recommendations.

Brain death (BD) alters the pathophysiology of patients and may damage the kidneys, the lungs, the heart and the liver. To obtain better quality transplant organs, intensive care physicians in charge of the maintenance of deceased donors should attentively monitor these organs. Careful hemodynamic, ventilatory and bronchial clearance management minimizes the loss of kidneys and lungs.

Monitoring intravesical pressure during gastroschisis closure. Does it help to decide between delayed primary or staged closure?

Introduction And Objective: Correction of gastroschisis may be accomplished by either primary or staged closure or even delayed primary closure after the use of a preformed silo. However, there is neither a consensus on the best approach nor established criteria to favor one method over the other. The aim of this paper was to investigate the role of intravesical pressure (IVP) as a tool to prevent abdominal compartment syndrome in newborns undergoing correction of abdominal wall defects.

Cochrane meta-analysis: teicoplanin versus vancomycin for proven or suspected infection.

Objective: To compare efficacy and safety of vancomycin versusteicoplanin in patients with proven or suspected infection.

Data Sources: Cochrane Renal Group's Specialized Register, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, nephrology textbooks and review articles.

Inclusion Criteria: Randomized controlled trials in any language comparing teicoplanin to vancomycin for patients with proven or suspected infection.

Education level explains differences in stroke incidence among city districts in Joinville, Brazil: a three-year population-based study.

Background: Current evidence suggests an inverse association between socioeconomic status and stroke incidence. Our aim was to measure the variation in incidence among different city districts (CD) and their association with socioeconomic variables.

Methods: We prospectively ascertained all possible stroke cases occurring in the city of Joinville during the period 2005-2007.