Assessment of orbital volume in frontofacial advancements.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the variation of the orbital volume and the correlation with the magnitude of craniofacial advances as well as demonstrate its effectiveness through comparisons with normal levels of orbital volumes.

Introduction: Syndromic craniofacial synostosis is characterized by cranial morphological alterations and hypoplasia of the midface that may result in obstructive sleep apnea and exorbitism; these effects are indications of surgical treatment. The gradual advancement of tissues is the surgical treatment to correct accentuated exorbitisms and jaw retrusions.

A novel method for intraoral access to the superior head of the human lateral pterygoid muscle.

Background: The uncoordinated activity of the superior and inferior parts of the lateral pterygoid muscle (LPM) has been suggested to be one of the causes of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc displacement. A therapy for this muscle disorder is the injection of botulinum toxin (BTX), of the LPM. However, there is a potential risk of side effects with the injection guide methods currently available.