Glucose turnover at whole-body and skeletal muscle level in response to parenteral nutrition in male patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis.

Background & Aims: Cirrhosis is associated with insulin resistance and impaired glucose tolerance, which may be caused by impairments at different tissue levels (liver, skeletal muscle, and/or beta cell).

Methods: Here, glucose kinetics at whole-body and skeletal muscle level in patients with cirrhosis (Child-Pugh A and B) were studied during parenteral nutrition using the isotope dilution technique and arteriovenous balance approach across the leg. As opposed to the euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp or glucose tolerance tests applied in previous studies, this approach provides a nutrient composition more similar to a normal meal while circumventing any possible portal-systemic shunting, impaired hepatic uptake and incretin effect.

Skeletal muscle protein turnover responses to parenteral nutrition in patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis and sarcopenia.

Alcoholic liver cirrhosis (ALC) is accompanied by sarcopenia. The aim of this study was to investigate the acute effects of balanced parenteral nutrition (PN) on skeletal muscle protein turnover in ALC. Eight male patients with ALC and seven age- and sex-matched healthy controls were studied for 3 h of fasting followed by 3 h of intravenous PN (SmofKabiven 1,206 mL: amino acid = 38 g, carbohydrates = 85 g, and fat = 34 g) 4 mL/kg/h.

Comparative Effectiveness of Low-Volume Time-Efficient Resistance Training Versus Endurance Training in Patients With Heart Failure.

Purpose: Cardiorespiratory fitness is positively related to heart failure (HF) prognosis, but lack of time and low energy are barriers for adherence to exercise. We, therefore, compared the effect of low-volume time-based resistance exercise training (TRE) with aerobic moderate-intensity cycling (AMC) on maximal and submaximal exercise capacity, health-related quality of life, and vascular function.

Methods: Twenty-eight HF patients (New York Heart Association class I-II) performed AMC (n = 14) or TRE (n = 14).

Effect of endurance versus resistance training on quadriceps muscle dysfunction in COPD: a pilot study.

Introduction: Exercise is an important countermeasure to limb muscle dysfunction in COPD. The two major training modalities in COPD rehabilitation, endurance training (ET) and resistance training (RT), may both be efficient in improving muscle strength, exercise capacity, and health-related quality of life, but the effects on quadriceps muscle characteristics have not been thoroughly described.

Methods: Thirty COPD patients (forced expiratory volume in 1 second: 56% of predicted, standard deviation [SD] 14) were randomized to 8 weeks of ET or RT.

Impaired Follistatin Secretion in Cirrhosis.

Context: Follistatin is a liver-derived inhibitor of the muscle-growth inhibitor myostatin. Reduction in acute follistatin release may help explain muscle loss in liver cirrhosis.

Objective: The study aimed to investigate the capacity of acute follistatin release in patients with liver cirrhosis compared to healthy control participants.