[Treatment of older patients with acute myelogenous leukaemia without allogenic stem cell transplantation at Akershus University Hospital].

Background: It is uncertain what the best treatment is for older patients with acute myeloid leukaemia who are not candidates for allogeneic stem cell transplantation. The purpose of the study was to examine the treatment practices for this patient group at Akershus University Hospital, as well as survival according to treatment choices and the genetic risk of a tumour.

Material And Method: The study is based on a review of the medical records of patients aged 65 and older with recently diagnosed acute myeloid leukaemia treated without allogeneic stem cell transplantation at Akershus University Hospital from 1 January 2006 to 1 January 2021.

Risk Factors for Bleeding in Cancer Patients Treated with Conventional Dose Followed by Low-Dose Apixaban for Venous Thromboembolism.

Background:  Incidence of and risk factors for bleeding in cancer patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE) treated with apixaban are poorly described.

Methods:  We analyzed data from the prospective CAP study where 298 cancer patients with any type of VTE received 5 mg apixaban twice daily for 6 months, and then 2.5 mg apixaban twice daily for 30 months.

Arterial events in cancer patients treated with apixaban for venous thrombosis.

Introduction: In a recent interventional study of cancer patients with newly diagnosed venous thrombosis (VT), we found a high risk of arterial thrombotic events (AT) during treatment with therapeutic doses of apixaban.

Methods: Total 298 cancer patients with VT received apixaban as treatment and secondary prophylaxis for up to 36 months. AT was registered as a serious adverse event, and this is a post hoc analysis of risk factors for AT.

[Factor Xa inhibitors in the prevention and treatment of venous thromboembolism in cancer patients].

Venous thromboembolism is a common complication of cancer. The prevalence varies according to cancer type and increases proportionally with the stage of cancer. In the past 15-20 years, low molecular weight heparin has been recommended as the first-line treatment.

Low dose apixaban as secondary prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism in cancer patients - 30 months follow-up.

Background: There are no data on the effect of low-dose anticoagulation as secondary prophylaxis for venous thromboembolism (VTE) in cancer patients. We assessed the efficacy and safety of low-dose apixaban for 30 months, after initial 6 months of full-dose treatment.

Methods: We included 298 patients with cancer and any type of VTE in a single arm interventional clinical trial.

Low diagnostic accuracy and inter-observer agreement on CT and MRI in diagnosis of spinal fractures in multiple myeloma.

Skeletal disease is common in multiple myeloma. We investigated the inter-observer agreement and diagnostic accuracy of spinal fractures diagnosed by computer tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) from 12 myeloma patients. Two radiologists independently assessed the images.

Cancer and Thrombosis: New Treatments, New Challenges.

The direct-acting oral anticoagulant (DOAC) has become an alternative to low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) for treatment and prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in cancer patients. The clinicians are, however, faced with difficult decisions regarding DOAC treatment: Which patients cannot use DOACs? Should incidental VTE be treated similar to symptomatic VTE? Is it safe to give DOACs to patients with gastrointestinal or urogenital cancers? How about drug-drug interactions? Should all cancer patients receive thromboprophylaxis? Is arterial thrombosis a problem? The current article reviews the available literature regarding these questions and aims to provide practical solutions based on data from the clinical trials and new guidelines.

Bias in animal studies of estrogen effects on cardiovascular disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Randomized controlled trials on menopausal hormone therapy in humans have not confirmed the benefit of estrogens on cardiovascular disease found in animal studies. Flawed methodology or publication bias in animal studies may explain the dicrepancy.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate whether publication of the randomized controlled trials Heart and Estrogen/Progestin Replacement Study and Women's Health Initiative influenced study authors' assessment of research findings (confirmation bias) as well as to investigate publication bias and small-study effects in animal studies of estrogen effects on atherosclerosis.

Venous thrombosis with oral postmenopausal hormone therapy: Roles of activated protein C resistance and tissue factor pathway inhibitor.

Background: Oral postmenopausal hormone therapy (HT) increases the risk of venous thrombosis (VT). We postulated that activated protein C (APC) resistance induced by HT is one of the mechanisms causing VT, and also assessed the role of one of the main determinants of APC resistance (i.e.

Tissue factor pathway inhibitor upregulates CXCR7 expression and enhances CXCL12-mediated migration in chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

The infiltration of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells into lymphoid organs correlates with disease severity. CXCL12 is a key chemotactic factor for the trafficking of CLL. Tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) is a serine protease inhibitor and plays a role in CXCL12-mediated hematopoietic stem cell homing.

Safety of a strategy combining D-dimer testing and whole-leg ultrasonography to rule out deep vein thrombosis.

Guidelines for the diagnostic workup of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) recommend assessing the clinical pretest probability before proceeding to D-dimer testing and/or compression ultrasonography (CUS) if the patient has high pretest probability or positive D-dimer. Referring only patients with positive D-dimer for whole-leg CUS irrespective of pretest probability may simplify the workup of DVT. In this prospective management outcome study, we assessed the safety of such a strategy.

Thrombosis and bleedings in a cohort of cancer patients treated with apixaban for venous thromboembolism.

Introduction: The direct oral anti-coagulants (DOAC) edoxaban and rivaroxaban are suggested treatment alternatives for cancer-associated venous thromboembolism (VTE) together with low molecular-weight heparins. New studies indicate that the DOAC apixaban also is an option for cancer-associated VTE. The current study assessed recurrent VTE, arterial thrombosis, bleedings and adverse events in a cohort of apixaban treated cancer patients with VTE.

Safety and feasibility of rivaroxaban in deferred workup of patients with suspected deep vein thrombosis.

Guidelines suggest using empiric low-molecular-weight heparin if the diagnostic workup of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is expected to be delayed. The role of direct oral anticoagulants for deferred compression ultrasound imaging (CUS) in patients with suspected DVT remains unexplored. The main objective of the study was to assess the safety of deferring CUS with therapeutic doses of rivaroxaban.

Cold agglutinin disease revisited: a multinational, observational study of 232 patients.

We retrospectively studied 232 patients with cold agglutinin disease (CAD) at 24 centers in 5 countries. In Norway and a northern region of Italy, the study was close to being population-based. For the first time, we demonstrate fourfold differences between cold and warmer climates regarding prevalence (20 vs 5 cases/million) and incidence (1.

Elevated Complement C3 and C4 Levels are Associated with Postnatal Pregnancy-Related Venous Thrombosis.

High levels of complement C3 are associated with venous thrombosis (VT) in the general population. We investigated if high C3 and C4 levels were associated with pregnancy-related VT. We undertook the Norwegian VIP study, a case-control study of VT in pregnancy or within 3 months postpartum (cases,  = 313) and women without pregnancy-related VT (controls,  = 353).

Neutropenia caused by hairy cell leukemia in a patient with myelofibrosis secondary to polycythemia vera: a case report.

Background: Polycythemia vera is a myeloproliferative disease that sometimes evolves to myelofibrosis, causing splenomegaly and neutropenia. In this case report, we describe a patient with polycythemia vera and unexplained neutropenia who later turned out to also have hairy cell leukemia.

Case Presentation: A middle-aged Caucasian man with polycythemia vera presented to our hospital with chronic mouth ulcers.

A novel hypoxia response element regulates oxygen-related repression of tissue factor pathway inhibitor in the breast cancer cell line MCF-7.

Background: Hypoxia is one of the most pervasive physiological stresses in solid tumors. We have previously demonstrated that tissue factor (TF) pathway inhibitor (TFPI) expression was transcriptionally repressed by the activation of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1α under hypoxic conditions. However, the role of HIF-2α, also known as endothelial PAS domain-containing protein 1 (EPAS1), on TFPI expression remains unclear.

Oestrogens Downregulate Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor through Oestrogen Response Elements in the 5'-Flanking Region.

Oestrogens influence the pathology and development of hormone-sensitive breast cancers. Tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) has been shown to be associated with breast cancer pathogenesis. Recently, we found TFPI mRNA levels to be significantly reduced by oestrogens in a breast cancer cell line (MCF7), a process mediated through the oestrogen receptor alpha (ERα).

Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor, Activated Protein C Resistance, and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease Due To Combined Estrogen Plus Progestin Therapy.

Objective: To examine whether tissue factor pathway inhibitor or acquired activated protein C (APC) resistance influences the increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) due to estrogen plus progestin therapy.

Approach And Results: Prospective nested case-control study of 205 cases of CHD and 481 matched controls in the Women's Health Initiative randomized trial of estrogen plus progestin therapy. After multivariable covariate adjustment, both baseline tissue factor pathway activity (P=0.