Glypican-3 is a key tuner of the Hedgehog pathway in COPD.

Hedgehog (HH) pathway is involved in pulmonary development and lung homeostasis. It orchestrates airway epithelial cell (AEC) differentiation and contributes to respiratory pathogenesis. The core elements Gli2, Smo, and Shh were found altered in the bronchial epithelium of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

TSLP and TSLPr Expression and Localization in the Airways of COPD and Non-COPD Patients.

Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is an alarmin cytokine activated by allergens, pathogens, and air pollutants. Recent studies suggest TSLP dysregulation in chronic inflammatory diseases. It was highlighted as a key player in the context of asthma-associated mucosal immunity.

LRP1 involvement in FHIT-regulated HER2 signaling in non-small cell lung cancer.

The tumor suppressor fragile histidine triad (FHIT) is frequently lost in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We previously showed that a down-regulation of FHIT causes an up-regulation of the activity of HER2 associated to an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and that lung tumor cells harboring a FHIT/pHER2 phenotype are sensitive to anti-HER2 drugs. Here, we sought to decipher the FHIT-regulated HER2 signaling pathway in NSCLC.

Obesity Impact on Dyspnea in COPD Patients.

Background: The role of obesity on dyspnea in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients remains unclear. We aimed to provide an assessment of dyspnea in COPD patients according to their Body Mass Index (BMI) and to investigate the impact of obesity on dyspnea according to COPD severity.

Methods: One hundred and twenty seven COPD patients with BMI ≥ 18.

[Take-home messages from the 2nd COPD 2023 Biennial of the French Society of Respiratory Diseases. Placing the patient at the center of the care pathway].

Introduction: The second COPD Biennial organized by the COPD working group of the French Society of Respiratory Diseases took place in Paris (Cochin) on 13th December 2023.

State Of The Art: Major trends in 2023 were discussed; they encompassed concepts, definitions, biologics, care pathways, pulmonary rehabilitation and complex situations entailed by respiratory infections, cardiovascular comorbidities and pulmonary hypertension, and modalities of oxygen therapy and ventilation.

Perspectives: The different talks underlined major changes in COPD including the concepts of pre-COPD, etiotypes, health trajectories and new definitions of exacerbation.

Patient education needs in severe asthma, a pilot study.

Background: Severe asthma is characterized by frequent exacerbations, altered lung function, and impaired quality of life. Tailored patient education allows for the improvement of both asthma management and quality of life. Our study aimed to assess the needs of severe asthma patient in therapeutic education, according to previous therapeutic patient education background and asthma phenotype.

Bronchiectasis in renal transplant patients: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Bronchiectasis is a chronic airway disease characterized by permanent and irreversible abnormal dilatation of bronchi. Several studies have reported the development of bronchiectasis after renal transplantation (RT), but no prospective study specifically assessed bronchiectasis in this population. This study aimed to compare features of patients with bronchiectasis associated with RT to those with idiopathic bronchiectasis.

HER2 Alterations in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Biologico-Clinical Consequences and Interest in Therapeutic Strategies.

Lung cancer stands as the first cause of death by cancer in the world. Despite the improvement in patients' outcomes in the past decades through the development of personalized medicine approaches, a substantial portion of patients remains ineligible for targeted therapies due to the lack of a "druggable" molecular target. HER2, a receptor tyrosine kinase member of the EGFR/ErbB family, is known to show oncogenic properties.

Airway ciliated cells in adult lung homeostasis and COPD.

Cilia are organelles emanating from the cell surface, consisting of an axoneme of microtubules that extends from a basal body derived from the centrioles. They are either isolated and nonmotile (primary cilia), or grouped and motile (motile cilia). Cilia are at the centre of fundamental sensory processes and are involved in a wide range of human disorders.

Current cough and sputum assessed by the cough and sputum assessment-questionnaire (CASA-Q) is associated with quality of life impairment in cystic fibrosis.

Background: Cough and sputum are major symptoms in cystic fibrosis (CF) that contribute to the impairment of quality of life.

Methods: This prospective single centre cross-sectional pilot study aimed to evaluate the results of a self-administered questionnaire assessing cough and sputum symptoms (2 domains), and their impact (2 domains) on daily activities in the previous week, named the Cough and Sputum Assessment Questionnaire (CASA-Q) in CF adult patients at stable state, and to analyse associations with clinical, functional, microbiological, radiological data, and two quality of life scales: the Cystic Fibrosis Questionnaire Revised (CFQ-R) and the Saint George Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ).

Results: Forty-eight patients were included in this analysis (69% men; median age of 27.

The Development of a Thick-Lens Post-Myopic Laser Vision Correction Intraocular Lens Calculation Formula.

Purpose: To describe the development of the post-myopic laser vision correction (LVC) version of the PEARL-DGS intraocular lens (IOL) calculation formula and to evaluate its outcomes on an independent test set.

Design: Retrospective, single-center case series.

Methods: A modified lens position prediction algorithm was designed along with methods to predict the posterior corneal curvature radius and correct the corneal power measurement error.

Accelerated subsequent lung cancer after post-operative radiotherapy for breast cancer.

Background: Post-operative whole breast radiotherapy for breast cancer (BC) may increase the risk of subsequent lung cancer (LC). The impact of radiotherapy intensification (boost) has not been specifically explored in this context. We investigated the role of radiation modalities on the development of subsequent LC among our patients treated by radiotherapy for localized BC.

Soluble biomarkers to predict clinical outcomes in non-small cell lung cancer treated by immune checkpoints inhibitors.

Lung cancer remains the first cause of cancer-related death despite many therapeutic innovations, including immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). ICI are now well used in daily practice at late metastatic stages and locally advanced stages after a chemo-radiation. ICI are also emerging in the peri-operative context.

Assessment of the Association between Entropy in PET/CT and Response to Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 Monotherapy in Stage III or IV NSCLC.

Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy indications are broadened in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) although immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) do not provide benefits for the entire population. Texture features based on positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT), especially entropy (based on a gray-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM)), could be interesting as predictors in NSCLC. The aim of our retrospective study was to evaluate the association between GLCM-entropy and response to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 monotherapy at the first evaluation in stage III or IV NSCLC, comparing patients with progressive disease (PD) and non-progressive disease (non-PD).

Pomalidomide-induced lung injury: A case report.

Rationale: Pomalidomide is an immunomodulatory imide drug used in multiple myeloma and in Kaposi sarcoma.

Patient Concerns: A 72-years-old male, treated for multiple myeloma with dexamethasone, pomalidomide and daratumumab, presented dyspnea, hypoxemia, biological inflammatory syndrome, ground glass opacities on computed tomography scan (CT-scan) and lymphocytic and eosinophilic alveolitis, with no specific cytologic or microbiological findings, 2 months after pomalidomide initiation.

Intervention And Outcome: Antibiotics were started after bronchoscopy.

Clinical relevance of low bone density in cystic fibrosis adult patients: A pilot study.

Survival improvement in cystic fibrosis (CF) is associated with more frequent long-term complications, including CF related bone disease (CFBD). Impact of CFBD on global health outcome remains poorly described. We aimed to assess the relationship between low bone mineral density (BMD) and spinal pain, disability, and quality of life in CF adult patients.

Transcriptomic FHIT/pHER2 signature as a predictive factor of outcome and immunotherapy response in non-small cell lung cancer.

Introduction: In recent decades, the development of immunotherapy and targeted therapies has considerably improved the outcome of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Despite these impressive clinical benefits, new biomarkers are needed for an accurate stratification of NSCLC patients and a more personalized management. We recently showed that the tumor suppressor fragile histidine triad (FHIT), frequently lost in NSCLC, controls HER2 receptor activity in lung tumor cells and that tumor cells from NSCLC patients harboring a FHIT/pHER2 phenotype are sensitive to anti-HER2 drugs.

The Nicotinic Receptor Polymorphism rs16969968 Is Associated with Airway Remodeling and Inflammatory Dysregulation in COPD Patients.

Genome-wide association studies unveiled the associations between the single nucleotide polymorphism rs16969968 of CHRNA5, encoding the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor alpha5 subunit (α5SNP), and nicotine addiction, cancer, and COPD independently. Here, we investigated α5SNP-induced epithelial remodeling and inflammatory response in human COPD airways. We included 26 α5SNP COPD patients and 18 wild-type α5 COPD patients in a multi-modal study.

Health-Related Quality of Life in Adults with Cystic Fibrosis: Familial, Occupational, Social, and Mental Health Predictors.

Background: Cystic Fibrosis (CF) adult patients experience daily physical symptoms and disabilities that may impact their quality of life and mental health.

Methods: This prospective study aimed to evaluate the relative contribution of the familial, occupational, and social environment, besides that of the main physical and mental health factors, to the quality of life of CF adult patients using the Cystic Fibrosis Questionnaire-Revised (CFQ-R) in a multivariate model.

Results: Fifty patients were analyzed (70% of men; median age of 25 years; median body mass index of 21 kg/m²; median FEV1 of 57%).

[Take-home messages from the COPD 2021 biennial of the French Society of Respiratory Diseases. Understanding to so as to better innovate].

Introduction: The first COPD biennial organized by the French Society of Respiratory Diseases (SPLF) took place on 17 December 2021.

State Of The Art: The objective of the biennial was to discuss current knowledge regarding COPD pathophysiology, current treatments, research development, and future therapeutic approaches.

Perspectives: The different lecturers laid emphasis on the complexity of pathophysiologic mechanisms including bronchial, bronchiolar and parenchymal alterations, and also dwelt on the role of microbiota composition in COPD pathenogenesis.

Extended Bacteria Culture-Based Clustering Identifies a Phenotype Associating Increased Cough and in Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic inflammatory lung disease characterized by airflow limitation. This chronic respiratory disease represents the third leading cause of death worldwide. Alteration of the airway microbiota has been reported to be associated with exacerbation frequency in COPD, but its role on the symptoms in patients at stable state is still incompletely described.

Impaired Ciliary Beat Frequency and Ciliogenesis Alteration during Airway Epithelial Cell Differentiation in COPD.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a frequent respiratory disease. However, its pathophysiology remains partially elucidated. Epithelial remodeling including alteration of the cilium is a major hallmark of COPD, but specific assessments of the cilium have been rarely investigated as a diagnostic tool in COPD.

Identifying specific needs in adult cystic fibrosis patients: a pilot study using a custom questionnaire.

Background: Adult patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) experience daily physical symptoms and disabilities that can be challenging to address for health care teams.

Methods: We sought to identify the most frequent topics that CF adults need to discuss with health care teams using a custom questionnaire including 62 items.

Results: Fifty patients were included, 70% men, mean age 27.