Cell death and DNA damage via ROS mechanisms after applied antibiotics and antioxidants doses in prostate hyperplasia primary cell cultures.

Tumor heterogeneity results in aggressive cancer phenotypes with acquired resistance. However, combining chemical treatment with adjuvant therapies that cause cellular structure and function perturbations may diminish the ability of cancer cells to resist at chemical treatment and lead to a less aggressive cancer phenotype. Applied treatments on prostate hyperplasia primary cell cultures exerted their antitumor activities through mechanisms including cell cycle blockage, oxidative stress, and cell death induction by flow cytometry methods.

Apoptosis-Cell Cycle-Autophagy Molecular Mechanisms Network in Heterogeneous Aggressive Phenotype Prostate Hyperplasia Primary Cell Cultures Have a Prognostic Role.

Our study highlights the apoptosis, cell cycle, DNA ploidy, and autophagy molecular mechanisms network to identify prostate pathogenesis and its prognostic role. Caspase 3/7 expressions, cell cycle, adhesion glycoproteins, autophagy, nuclear shrinkage, and oxidative stress by flow-cytometry analysis are used to study the BPH microenvironment's heterogeneity. A high late apoptosis expression by caspases 3/7 activity represents an unfavorable prognostic biomarker, a dependent predictor factor for cell adhesion, growth inhibition by arrest in the G2/M phase, and oxidative stress processes network.

Same Organ, Two Cancers: Complete Analysis of Renal Cell Carcinomas and Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinomas.

: Renal cell carcinomas and upper tract urothelial carcinomas are types of malignancies that originate in the kidneys. Each of these examples shows an increasing trend in the frequency and the mortality rate. This study aims to comprehensively define carcinomas by analyzing clinical, paraclinical, and histological aspects to predict aggressiveness and mortality.

CMV and HIV Coinfection in Women from a Region in Eastern Europe.

(1) Background: Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is one of the most frequent opportunistic infections in immunosuppressed patients. Romania has one of the highest incidences of patients living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) which determines an immunosuppressive state. The aim of this study was to establish the prevalence of CMV infection among women living with HIV in Southeastern Romania and also to evaluate and correlate antiretroviral therapy (ART) with CD4 level and CMV disease evolution.

A retrospective study of nonneoplastic and neoplastic disorders of the salivary glands.

The spectrum of major and minor salivary gland disorders varies widely. Epidemiological data on some injury categories are rare and often not up-to-date. This study aims to analyze epidemiological data using clinical, paraclinical, and histopathological parameters.

NET G3 vs NEC: p53 and Rb1 Immunolabeling in High-grade Gastrointestinal Neuroendocrine Neoplasms - Is It Enough for the Differential Diagnosis?

Background And Aims: High-grade gastrointestinal neuroendocrine neoplasms (GI-NENs) are divided into well-differentiated G3 neuroendocrine tumors (NETs G3) and neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs), having identical cut-offs of proliferation, but different biomolecular origins. This translates in distinct treatment choices. Our aim was to establish if p53/Rb1 immunohistochemical status in GI-NENs with Ki67 index >20% can predict the histopathological diagnosis.

Tissue and Circulating MicroRNA-31, MicroRNA-200b, and MicroRNA-200c Reflects Disease Activity in Crohn's Disease Patients: Results from the BIOMIR Study.

Background And Aims: MicroRNAs (miR) have altered expression in multiple autoimmune disorders including inflammatory bowel disease. The aim of the study was to assess the tissue and circulating miR-31, miR-200b, and miR-200c expression levels as potential biomarkers for intestinal disease activity in patients with Crohn's disease (CD).

Methods: The study included 45 patients with histopathological confirmed CD and active disease (defined as fecal calprotectin >50 μg/g and Simple Endoscopic Score (SES) of CD >3), and 21 subjects as controls for the validation cohort.

Diffuse large B cell lymphoma CD5-positive arising in an immune deficiency and immune dysregulation setting: A case report and brief review of the literature.

Rationale: In the era of antiretroviral therapy, lymphoma is the primary cause of cancer-related death among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected people and the most prevalent and aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma is diffuse large B cell lymphoma, which usually has an aggressive clinical course. CD5-positive diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is an insufficiently studied, relatively new entity, which accounts for 5% to 10% of the DLBCL population. The current study presents the clinicopathological features, diagnostic approach, and clinical outcomes of this HIV-related lymphoma and highlights the importance of the early diagnosis of CD5-positive DLBCL.

TCF7L2, CASC8, and GREM1 polymorphism and colorectal cancer in south-eastern Romanian population.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a heterogeneous disease with an increasing trend and with multiple epigenetic alterations and different molecular features, a major cause of mortality and morbidity. The Wnt/β-Catenin pathway is involved in multiple aspects of cell dynamics, architecture of developing gastrointestinal tissues, and intestinal tissue homeostasis in adults, but its aberrant activity plays an important role in every aspect of colorectal carcinogenesis. The aim of our study was to investigate the association of the TCF7L2 rs7903146, CASC8 rs6983267, and Gremlin1 (GREM1) rs16969681 polymorphism in patients with CRC without other pathologies.

Implications of Cellular Immaturity in Necrosis and Microvascularization in Glioblastomas IDH-Wild-Type.

Necrosis and increased microvascular density in glioblastoma IDH-wild-type are the consequence of both hypoxia and cellular immaturity. Our study aimed to identify the main clinical-imaging and morphogenetic risk factors associated with tumor necrosis and microvascular in the prognosis of patient survival. We performed a retrospective study (10 years) in which we identified 39 cases.

Proteomics and genomics of a monomorphic epitheliotropic intestinal T-cell lymphoma: An extremely rare case report and short review of literature.

Rationale: Monomorphic epitheliotropic intestinal T-cell lymphoma, formerly known as enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma, is an extremely rare, aggressive peripheral extranodal T-cell lymphoma, that is infrequent in native European and Caucasian populations. The current study presents the clinicopathological features, diagnostic approach, and clinical outcomes of this rare entity of lymphoma and highlights the importance of the early diagnosis of monomorphic epitheliotropic intestinal T-cell lymphoma (MEITL).

Patient Concerns: Main symptoms and/or important clinical findings: We present the case of a 69-year-old male patient presenting with an abdominal mass, intestinal transit disorder, and weight loss.

KRAS, NRAS, BRAF, PIK3CA, and AKT1 signatures in colorectal cancer patients in south-eastern Romania.

Somatic mutations in the oncogenes of the epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway play vital roles in colorectal carcinogenesis and have been closely linked with clinical resistance to monoclonal therapy. In this study, we have analyzed the mutation frequencies of 5 genes and compared the genetic findings with clinicopathological variables in order to determine diagnostically relevant alterations and compare these findings with those of other studies In our Sanger sequencings, KRAS (exons 2, 3, and 4), NRAS (exons 2, 3, and 4), PIK3CA (exons 9 and 20), BRAF (exon 15), AKT1 (exon 2) genes, and microsatellite instability (MSI) status were analyzed using an ABI 3500 analyzer in a cohort of 58 Romanian colorectal cancer (CRC) patients who underwent surgical resection at Emergency County Clinical Hospital in Constanța, Romania. In our series, mutation rates of KRAS, BRAF, PIK3CA, and AKT1 genes were 39.

Influence of type II diabetes mellitus on postoperative complications following colorectal cancer surgery.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) promotes colorectal cancer (CRC) carcinogenesis through complex processes and is considered as an independent risk factor for cancer in general and for CRC in particular. Diabetic patients have complications in the postoperative period following CRC surgery. The aim of the present study was to explore the effect of type II DM (T2DM) on postoperative outcomes for CRC compared with non-diabetic patients.

Role of glutathione-S-transferase gene P1 in the diagnosis of prostate cancer in patients with 'grey level' prostate-specific antigen values.

Prostate cancer (PC) represents the second most frequent cancer diagnosis in men and, at the same time, is one of the top six causes of death worldwide. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of glutathione-S-transferase gene P1 (GST-P1) in patients that fall within the 'grey area' of the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) values. A retrospective observational study on 80 patients with prostate abnormal volumes and PSA values in the range 4-10 ng/ml was performed.

HPV and HIV Coinfection in Women from a Southeast Region of Romania-PICOPIV Study.

: Romania faces one of the highest cervical cancer burdens in Europe though it is a preventable cancer through population screening by cytology and human papillomavirus (HPV) detection. Also, it has one of the highest incidences of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. HPV and HIV coinfection are frequently encountered.

Changes in Platelet Function in Preterm Newborns with Prematurity Related Morbidities.

Platelet indices represent useful biomarkers to express the thromboembolic status, inflammatory response, and oxidative stress in preterm newborns. Our study presented platelet count and function changes in prematurity-related morbidities such as respiratory distress syndrome, intraventricular bleeding, and anemia of prematurity in preterm newborn cases reported to healthy full-term newborns by flow cytometry and hematological methods. The platelet volume represents the average size of platelets in the blood samples, showing the significantly increased values in preterm newborns compared with healthy full-term newborns due to increasing activated platelet production.

Assessment of programmed death-ligand 1 receptor immunohistochemical expression and its association with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and p53 status in triple-negative breast cancer.

Breast cancer (BC) is the second most frequent type of cancer for both sexes combined, after lung cancer. Triple-negative BC (TNBC) molecular subtype is characterized by lack of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) immunoexpression or amplification and represent 10-20% of all BC cases. The issue of the present study was to analyze the associations between programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) immunoexpression and distribution of stromal tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (stTILs) combined with clinico-morphological features of patients with TNBC.

Biomarkers involved in evaluation of platelets function in South-Eastern Romanian patients with hematological malignancies subtypes.

At present, various researches presented how subtypes of hematological malignancies are related to stages of the immune response, because the activated immune system represents a promising form in cancer treatment. This study explores the relationship between the adaptive immune system (T cells), and the coagulation system (platelets, platelet membrane glycoproteins, platelets derivate microparticles) which seems to play an important role in host immune defense of patients with acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) or B cell lymphoma (BCL), 2 of the most common hematological malignancies subtypes.Blood samples (n = 114) obtained from patients with AML or BCL were analyzed for platelet membrane glycoproteins (CD42b, CD61), glycoprotein found on the surface of the T helper cells (CD4+), protein complex-specific antigen for T cells (CD3+), platelet-derived microparticles (CD61 PMP) biomarkers by flow cytometry, and hematological parameters were quantified by usual methods.

Dinosaur Tail Appendix in Trisomy 13.

Among the many malformations associated with trisomy 13, one of the less recognized is dinosaur tail appendix. We illustrate a dinosaur-tail appendix from an autopsy in a newborn female with trisomy 13. This malformation has a frequency between 0.

Molecular profiling of the colon cancer in South-Eastern Romania: Results from the MERCUR study.

Colorectal cancer is a heterogeneous disease with multiple epigenetic alterations and different molecular features. The molecular classification is based on 2 major distinct pathways: microsatellite stable pathway and the microsatellite instability pathway. Molecular profiling of colorectal cancer provides important information regarding treatment and prognosis.

The diagnostic value of miR-92a, -143, and -145 expression levels in patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma from Romania.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) refers to a small, short non-coding RNA of endogenous class. They have shown to have an increasingly altered expression in many types of cancer, including colorectal cancer (CRC).In the present study, miRNA TaqManMGB and qRT-PCR was used to quantify the expression and clinical significance of 3 mature human miRNA in 82 pairs of colorectal adenocarcinoma tissues and normal adjacent tissue samples (NATS) collected from patients of the south-east part of Romania.