Thiolated Chitosan-Centella asiatica Nanocomposite: A Potential Brain Targeting Strategy Through Nasal Route.

The major challenge associated with the treatment of neurological disorders is the inefficiency of drugs to enter the Central Nervous System (CNS). Polymer-drug conjugates are now being tailored to overcome this hindrance associated with conventional drugs. The study aimed at developing polymer hybrid nasal nanocomposite for enhanced delivery of Centella to the CNS.

Improved treatment efficacy of risedronate functionalized chitosan nanoparticles in osteoporosis: formulation development, in vivo, and molecular modelling studies.

Delivery of bisphosphonates-like risedronate has been a major challenge till date due to its poor bioavailability and gastrointestinal tract adverse effects. In this study, we explored the prospective use of risedronate functionalised chitosan nanoparticle (RISCN) for management and treatment of osteoporosis. The prepared nanoparticle was characterised by using scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and dynamic light scattering technique.

cytotoxic and apoptotic induction effect of earthworm coelomic fluid of and on human oral squamous cell carcinoma-9 cell line.

The current protocol of cancer management includes surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. However, these modalities have significant adverse effects and affect the quality of life. Further intensification of treatment is hindered as maximal toxicity levels are reached impeding improvement.

Improvement of bone microarchitecture in methylprednisolone induced rat model of osteoporosis by using thiolated chitosan-based risedronate mucoadhesive film.

Objective: In this study, we investigated the potential of thiolated chitosan-based mucoadhesive film, loaded with risedronate sodium in the treatment of osteoporosis.

Significance: Risedronate sodium is a bisphosphonate derivative having very low bioavailability when administered through the oral route. Moreover, the adverse effects associated with the drug when administered through GIT necessitate an alternative and feasible route which can improve its bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy.

Antiproliferative Effect of Earthworm Coelomic Fluid of , , and on Squamous Cell Carcinoma-9 Cell Line: A Pilot Study.

Introduction: The earthworm coelomic fluid (ECF) has shown proven antiproliferative effect against breast, liver, gastrointestinal, and brain cancer, but it is least explored in oral cancer. The present study is an attempt to investigate the antiproliferative activity of ECF on oral cancer cell line squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)-9.

Materials And Methods: ECF was collected from the species (EE), (EF), and (PE) stored at -80°C.

Antidiabetic antihyperlipidemic and hepato-protective effect of Gluconorm-5: A polyherbal formulation in steptozotocin induced hyperglycemic rats.

Background: The antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic, and hepato-protective effect of Gluconorm-5, was studied in steptozotocin (STZ) induced hyperglycemic rats.

Materials And Methods: The hypoglycemic effect of single dose of Gluconorm-5 (150, 300 and 600 mg/kg body weight) made up of five plants namely Camellia sinensis, Punica granatum, Macrotyloma uniflorum, Foeniculum vulgare and Trigonella foenum-graecum was studied in normal, glucose loaded normal and diabetes-induced rats. The extent of antihyperlipidemic and liver-protective effect was studied by estimating the lipid profile, and the liver marker enzymes.

Anticancer activity of Sargassum wightii Greville on Dalton's ascitic lymphoma.

Aim: Sargassum wightii Greville is a marine brown alga belonging to the Sargassaceae family which has about 200 species. The ethanolic extract of the whole dry plant powder contained numerous phytoconstituents, including flavonoids. The study was focused on the anticancer activity of Sargassum wightii in mice.

Neuroprotective and antioxidant potential of terpenoid fraction from Hygrophila auriculata against transient global cerebral ischemia in rats.

Context: The plant Hygrophila auriculata (K. Schum) Heine. (Acanthaceae) is widely used in the Indian System of Medicine as "Rasayana" for treating brain and liver diseases.

Antihistaminic and antiviral activities of steroids of Turbinaria conoides.

The steroids 3,6,17-trihydroxy-stigmasta-4,7,24(28)-triene (A) and 14,15,18,20-diepoxyturbinarin (B) were isolated from the cyclohexane extract of brown alga, Turbinaria conoides (J. Agardh) Kutzing, and have been reported for their antimicrobial activity by us. In this study, the isolated compounds were evaluated for comprehensive antihistaminic, antiviral and cytotoxicity screening.

Anticonvulsant and neurotoxicity profile of the rhizome of Smilax china Linn. in mice.

Objective: To study the anticonvulsant activity and neurotoxicity of ethanolic extract and ethyl acetate fraction of the rhizome of Smilax china (EESC and EAF, respectively) in mice.

Materials And Methods: The anticonvulsant activities of EESC and EAF were studied against maximal electroshock (MES) and pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced seizures in mice and neurotoxicity was determined using rotarod test.

Results: The duration of hindleg extension in MES test was reduced significantly (P < 0.

Immunopotentiation of hepatitis B vaccine using biodegradable polymers as an adjuvant.

Background/purpose: The purpose of this research was to develop an alternative adjuvant for hepatitis B vaccine (HBsAg) that elicits a long-lasting immune response after a single administration. In this study, the suitability of Poly (D, L)-lactide-co-glycolic acid (PLGA), Poly lactic acid (PLA) and Chitosan polymers as adjuvants for HBsAg were investigated.

Methods: We used solvent evaporation and emulsion cross-linking techniques to encapsulate HBsAg into the different polymeric systems.

Lipid nanoparticles for transdermal delivery of flurbiprofen: formulation, in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo studies.

The aim of the study is to prepare aqueous dispersions of lipid nanoparticles--flurbiprofen solid lipid nanoparticles (FLUSLN) and flurbiprofen nanostructured lipid carriers (FLUNLC) by hot homogenization followed by sonication technique and then incorporated into the freshly prepared hydrogels for transdermal delivery. They are characterized for particle size, for all the formulations, more than 50% of the particles were below 300 nm after 90 days of storage at RT. DSC analyses were performed to characterize the state of drug and lipid modification.

Analgesic and antipyretic effects of Sansevieria trifasciata leaves.

The ethanol and water extracts of Sansevieria trifasciata leaves showed dose-dependent and significant (P < 0.05) increase in pain threshold in tail-immersion test. Moreover, both the extracts (100 - 200 mg/kg) exhibited a dose-dependent inhibition of writhing and also showed a significant (P < 0.

Acute toxicity study and antipyretic effect of the brown alga Turbinaria conoides (J. Agardh) Kuetz.

The active principles of brown alga, Turbinaria conoides (J.Agardh) Kuetz. (Sargassaceae) was extracted with n-hexane, cyclohexane, methanol and ethanol-water (1:1) and investigated for acute toxicity and antipyretic activity.

Development of SLN and NLC enriched hydrogels for transdermal delivery of nitrendipine: in vitro and in vivo characteristics.

The purpose of this research was to investigate novel particulate carrier systems such as solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) for transdermal delivery of nitrendipine (NDP). For this investigation, four different gel-forming agents were selected for hydrogel preparation. Aqueous dispersions of lipid nanoparticles made from trimyristin (TM) were prepared by hot homogenization technique followed by sonication and then incorporated into the freshly prepared hydrogels.

Immune Augmentation of Single Contact Hepatitis B Vaccine by Using PLGA Microspheres as an Adjuvant.

The present study was aimed to replace the alum type adjuvant for hepatitis B vaccine. The hepatitis B vaccine was encapsulated in poly (DL-lactide-co-glycolide) microspheres by solvent evaporation technique. The formulated microspheres were characterized in terms of morphology, particle size analysis, in vitro release study and in vivo immune response in male Wistar rats.

Targeted delivery of diclofenac sodium via gelatin magnetic microspheres formulated for intra-arterial administration.

In the present work, we have attempted to deliver diclofenac sodium to a target site by intra-arterial injection of gelatin magnetic microspheres and subsequent localization using an external magnet. Drug-loaded magnetic microspheres were prepared by emulsification/cross-linking method, characterized by drug loading, magnetite content, size distribution, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) analysis, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), absence of glutaraldehyde by gas chromatography, and in vitro release studies. The targeting efficiency and the therapeutic efficacy of microspheres were studied in vivo in rabbits.

Protective effect of Phyllanthus polyphyllus on acetaminophen induced hepatotoxicity in rats.

Methanolic extract of Phyllanthus-polyphyllus was evaluated for hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities in rats. The plant extract (200 and 300 mg/kg, p.o.

Antitumor and cytotoxic effects of Phyllanthus polyphyllus on Ehrlich ascites carcinoma and human cancer cell lines.

To evaluate the antitumor and cytotoxic activity of methanol extract of Phyllanthus polyphyllus (MPP) in mice and human cancer cell lines, the antitumor activity of MPP was evaluated against an Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) tumor model. The activity was assessed using survival time, hematological studies, lipid peroxidation (LPO), antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione S-transferase (GST), solid tumor mass, and short-term in vitro cytotoxicity. The cytotoxic activity of MPP was evaluated using human breast cancer (MCF7), colon cancer (HT29), and liver cancer (HepG2) cell lines Oral administration of MPP (200 and 300 mg/kg) increased the survival time and significantly reduced the solid tumor volume in a dose-dependent manner.

Biopharmaceutical and pharmacodynamic studies on topically applied diclofenac gel available in Indian market.

In the present investigation, an attempt was made to study and compare, analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity produced by four marketed topical diclofenac formulations in order to justify their usefulness in the treatment of pain and inflammation. By using a diffusion cell, in vitro percutaneous permeation studies were carried out to correlate in vivo activity. The in vivo analgesic activity study was performed by tail flick method on Wistar albino rats.