Smear layer removal and antimicrobial efficacy of chitosan as a root canal irrigant: a systematic review of in-vitro studies.

This systematic review was designed to answer the following question: Does chitosan provide better smear layer removal and antimicrobial efficacy than other root canal irrigants? A literature search was done using electronic databases PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, EBSCO host, Grey Literature Report, and Open Grey from inception to June 18, 2024. The reference lists of included articles were also hand-searched. Two reviewers independently assessed the studies' eligibility based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria and performed data extraction.

Enhanced efficiency of photocatalytically synthesised Co/Co-incorporated CeO/SnO nanocomposite and supercapacitor studies.

The photochemical reduction approach, distilled HO with PrOH as the solvent medium, was used to create and characterise the conversion of Co to Co integrated on CeO/SnO. The PXRD, IR, SEM, HR-TEM, VSM, and XPS results show that the materials generated have appropriate crystallisation form and retain the hollow spherical structure of Co-CeO/SnO. The performance of several UV-light energetic photocatalysts and the reaction pathways for inorganic complex degradation are addressed, emphasising the main elements contributing to their mineralisation.

An integrated approach to remove endocrine-disrupting chemicals bisphenol and its analogues from the aqueous environment: a review.

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a well-known endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC) used as a plastic enhancer in producing polycarbonate resins to manufacture hard plastics. Due to strict limitations on the manufacturing and utilization of BPA, several bisphenol substitutes, bisphenol F (BPF), bisphenol S (BPS), and bisphenol AF (BPAF), have been developed to replace it in various applications. Because of their widespread use in food containers, infant bottles, and reusable water bottles, bisphenols (BPs) have been identified in different environmental circumstances, including drinking water, seawater, industrial effluent, and endocrine systems such as human blood, urine, and breast milk.

Phthalates removal from wastewater by different methods - a review.

Phthalate esters are commonly used as plasticizers to improve the durability and workability of polymeric materials, locating and identifying them in various contexts has become a major challenge. Because of their ubiquitous use in plastic packaging and personal care items, as well as their tendency to leach out of these materials, phthalates have been detected in a variety of aquatic situations, including surface water, groundwater, drinking water, and wastewater. Phthalate esters have been shown to affect reproductive health and physical growth by disrupting the endocrine system.

Frequency of CXCR3 CD8 T-Lymphocyte Subsets in Peripheral Blood Is Associated With the Risk of Paradoxical Tuberculosis-Associated Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome Development in Advanced HIV Disease.

Background: Tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (TB-IRIS) is a clinical aggravation of TB symptoms observed among a fraction of HIV coinfected patients shortly after the start of antiretroviral therapy (ART). Of note, TB-IRIS is characterized by exacerbated inflammation and tissue damage that occurs in response to the elevated production of CD4 T cell-derived IFN-γ. Nevertheless, the possible participation of CD8 T cells in TB-IRIS development remains unclear.

Dynamics of T-Lymphocyte Activation Related to Paradoxical Tuberculosis-Associated Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome in Persons With Advanced HIV.

Most persons living with HIV (PLWH) experience a significant restoration of their immunity associated with successful inhibition of viral replication after antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation. Nevertheless, with the robust quantitative and qualitative restoration of CD4 T-lymphocytes, a fraction of patients co-infected with tuberculosis develop immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (TB-IRIS), a dysregulated inflammatory response that can be associated with significant tissue damage. Several studies underscored the role of adaptive immune cells in IRIS pathogenesis, but to what degree T lymphocyte activation contributes to TB-IRIS development remains largely elusive.

Tris(ethane-1,2-di-amine-κ ,')zinc(II) tetra-chlorido-zincate(II).

The title complex, [Zn(CHN)][ZnCl], exists as discrete ions. The [Zn(CHN)] cation exhibits a distorted octa-hedral shape. In the [ZnCl] anion, the Zn atom is in an almost regular tetra-hedral environment.

Transcriptomic study of Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Typhi biofilm.

Background: Typhoid fever is an acute systemic infection of humans caused by Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi). In chronic carriers, the bacteria survive the harsh environment of the gallbladder by producing biofilm.

Medical Professionals and Smartphone Applications.

Ever since the advent of Smartphones, Smartphone applications (SAs) are revolutionizing the contemporary medicine. Smartphone application which was created in view of swift communications among the general public has now intruded the medical fraternity. But the ethics for using these applications to transfer patients' medical records through SA is bewildering among the medical professionals (MPs).

Crystal structure of di-chlorido-bis-(4-ethyl-aniline-κN)zinc.

The title compound, [ZnCl2(C8H11N)2], was synthesized by the reaction of zinc dichloride and 4-ethyl-aniline. The Zn(2+) cation is coordinated by two Cl(-) anions and the N atoms of two 4-ethyl-aniline ligands, forming a distorted Zn(N2Cl2) tetra-hedron. The dihedral angle between the two benzene rings is 85.

Crystal structure of trans-aqua-(perchlorato-κO)bis-(propane-1,3-di-amine-κ(2) N,N')copper(II) perchlorate.

In the title compound, [Cu(ClO4)(C3H10N2)2(H2O)]ClO4, the Cu(II) atom has a distorted octa-hedral coordination sphere and is coordinated by the N atoms of two propane-1,3-di-amine ligands in the equatorial plane. The axial positions are occupied by a water O atom and an O atom of a disordered perchlorate anion [occupancy ratio 0.631 (9):0.

Comparative evaluation of fermentative hydrogen production using Enterobacter cloacae and mixed culture: effect of Pd (II) ion and phytogenic palladium nanoparticles.

Palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) were synthesized from PdCl2 using Coriandrum sativum leaf extract. The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images confirm that the formation of PdNPs was mainly spherical in shape, with an average size of 87 nm. The influence of the PdCl2 and synthesized PdNPs on fermentative hydrogen production from glucose using Enterobacter cloacae and mixed culture was evaluated.

Bis(isoquinolin-2-ium) tetra-chlorido-zincate dihydrate.

In the title compound, (C9H8N)2[ZnCl4]·2H2O, the tetra-chlorido-zincate ion is located on a twofold rotation axis with the Zn atom on a special position. The crystal packing is stabilized by N-H⋯O and O-H⋯Cl inter-actions.

catena-Poly[[[bis-(1H-imidazole-κN (3))zinc(II)]-μ2-imidazol-1-ido-κ(2) N:N'] nitrate].

The title compound, {[Zn(C3H3N2)(C3H4N2)2]NO3} n , is a one-dimensional coordination polymer along [01-1] with the Zn(II) atom coordinating to four imidazole/imidazolide rings. The Zn(II) atom has a regular tetra-hedral geometry with the planes of the two monodentate imidazole rings inclined to one another by 87.94 (17)°, while the planes of the bridging imidazolide rings are inclined to one another by 39.

Bis(1,10-phenanthrolin-1-ium) tetra-chlorido-zincate monohydrate.

In the crystal structure of the title compound, (C12H9N2)2[ZnCl4]·H2O, the two independent 1,10-phenanthrolinium cations are bridged by the water mol-ecule and the tetrahedral tetrachloridozincate anion via N-H⋯O, O-H⋯Cl and N-H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds, forming chains along [100]. The chains are linked via C-H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds and a number of π-π inter-actions [centroid-centroid distances vary from 3.5594 (14) to 3.

Green synthesis of silver and gold nanoparticles using Zingiber officinale root extract and antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles against food pathogens.

In the present study, we synthesized silver and gold nanoparticles with a particle size of 10-20 nm, using Zingiber officinale root extract as a reducing and capping agent. Chloroauric acid (HAuCl4) and silver nitrate (AgNO3) were mixed with Z. officinale root extract for the production of silver (AgNPs) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs).

Di-aqua-dichlorido-bis-(pyridine-κN)cobalt(II).

The title mol-ecule, [CoCl2(C5H5N)2(H2O)2], has -1 symmetry with the Co(II) ion situated on an inversion centre. The cation has a distorted octa-hedral coordination environment and is surrounded by two N and two Cl atoms in the equatorial plane, while the coordinating water O atoms occupy the axial positions. The crystal exhibits nonmerohedral twinning with two domain states, the volume fractions of which were refined to 0.

cis-Di-aqua-tetra-kis-(1-butyl-1H-imidazole-κN (3))nickel(II) dichloride.

In the title compound, [Ni(C7H12N2)4(H2O)2]Cl2, the nickel(II) ion has a distorted octa-hedral coordination environment. It is surrounded by three N atoms and one O atom occupying the equatorial plane, and one N and one O atom in the axial positions. The imidazole ring systems are inclined to one another with dihedral angles varying between 38.

trans-Diamminedichloridobis(1H-imidazole-κN (3))nickel(II).

The whole mol-ecule of the title compound, [NiCl2(C3H4N2)2(NH3)2], is generated by inversion symmetry. The Ni(II) ion, which is located on an inversion center, has a distorted octa-hedral coordination environment and is surrounded by two ammine N atoms and two Cl atoms in the equatorial plane, with two N atoms of two imidazole groups occupying the axial positions. The imidazole ring makes a dihedral angle of 81.

cis-Bromido(methyl-amine)-bis-(propane-1,3-di-amine)-cobalt(III) dibromide.

In the title compound, [CoBr(CH5N)(C3H10N2)2]Br2, the cobalt(III) ion has a distorted octa-hedral coordination environment and is surrounded by four N atoms in the equatorial plane, with an additional N atom and the Br atom occupying the axial positions. In the crystal, the complex cation and the two counter anions are linked via N-H⋯Br and C-H⋯Br hydrogen bonds, forming a three-dimensional network.

cis-Chlorido(methyl-amine)-bis-(propane-1,3-diamine)-cobalt(III) dichloride monohydrate.

In the title compound, [CoCl(CH5N)(C3H10N2)2]Cl2·H2O, the Co(III) ion has an octa-hedral coordination environment and is surrounded by four N atoms of two propane-1,3-diamine ligands in the equatorial plane, with another N atom of the methylamine ligand and a Cl atom occupying the axial positions. The crystal packing is stabilized by inter-molecular N-H⋯O, N-H⋯Cl, and O-H⋯Cl inter-actions, generating a three-dimensional network.

cis-Chlorido(ethyl-amine)-bis-(propane-1,3-diamine)-cobalt(III) dichloride.

In the title compound, [CoCl(C2H7N)(C3H10N2)2]Cl2, the Co(III) ion has a distorted octa-hedral coordination environment and is surrounded by four N atoms in the equatorial plane, with the other N and Cl atoms occupying the axial positions. The crystal packing is stabilized by N-H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds, forming a layered arrangement parallel to (1-10).