Shortening the Alzheimer's disease assessment scale cognitive subscale.

Background: A short yet reliable cognitive measure is needed that separates treatment and placebo for treatment trials for Alzheimer's disease. Hence, we aimed to shorten the ' (ADAS-Cog) and test its use as an efficacy measure.

Methods: Secondary data analysis of participant-level data from five pivotal clinical trials of donepezil compared with placebo for Alzheimer's disease (N = 2,198).

Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and the Risk of Dementia.

Importance: Evidence that adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with an increased risk of dementia is scarce and inconsistent, and potential sources of bias are untested.

Objective: To examine the association between adult ADHD and the risk of dementia.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This prospective national cohort study consisted of 109 218 members of a nonprofit Israeli health maintenance organization born between 1933 and 1952 who entered the cohort on January 1, 2003, without an ADHD or dementia diagnosis and were followed up to February 28, 2020.

Is cognition integral to psychopathology? A population-based cohort study.

Background: Lower cognitive functioning has been documented across psychiatric disorders and hypothesized to be a core deficit of mental disorders. Situating psychopathology and cognition as part of a unitary construct is therefore important to understanding the etiology of psychiatric disorders. The current study aims to test competing structural models of psychopathology and cognition in a large national cohort of adolescents.

Opioid Exposure and the Risk of Dementia: A National Cohort Study.

Objectives: To examine the association between prescription opioid use and the risk of dementia in old-age, since existing studies of the association are few, and the evidence is inconsistent.

Design: Prospective national cohort study (N = 91,307, aged 60 years and over), without a dementia diagnosis for ten years, followed-up for incident dementia from January 2013 to October 2017.

Measurements: Opioid exposure was based on opioid purchases classified from Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification system codes (N02A), and classified as exposed if the purchase period covered at least 60 days within a 120-day interval; otherwise, unexposed.

Serum folate deficiency and the risks of dementia and all-cause mortality: a national study of old age.

Background: The association between serum folate deficiency and the risk of dementia in old age is unclear, perhaps owing to small sample sizes, the competing risk of mortality or reverse causation.

Objective: To examine the associations between serum folate deficiency and the risks of incident dementia and all-cause mortality in a large national sample of older adults.

Methods: A prospective cohort aged 60-75 years (n=27 188) without pre-existing dementia for at least 10 years, was tested for serum concentrations of folate and followed up for dementia or all-cause mortality.

Gender differences in quality of life and the course of schizophrenia: national study.

Background: Evidence from various sources suggests that females with schizophrenia tend to report lower quality of life than males with schizophrenia despite having a less severe course of the disorder. However, studies have not examined this directly.

Aims: To examine gender differences in the association between quality of life and the risk of subsequent psychiatric hospital admissions in a national sample with schizophrenia.

Cognitive impairment networks in Alzheimer's disease: Analysis of three double-blind randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trials of donepezil.

Psychometric network analysis is an alternative theoretically-driven analytic approach that has the potential to conceptualize cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease differently than was previously assumed and consequently detect unknown treatment effects. Based on individual participant data, extracted from three double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled clinical trials, psychometric networks were computed on observed Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale Cognitive Subscale scores at baseline (N=1,554) and on predicted change scores at 24 weeks of follow-up for participants who received donepezil (N=797) or placebo (N=484). A novel conceptualization of cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease was displayed through the baseline network, that had 90% (n=27) positive statistically significant (p<0.

Capturing adolescents in need of psychiatric care with psychopathological symptoms: A population-based cohort study.

Background: The current study aims to overcome past methodological limitations and capture adolescents in need of psychiatric care with psychopathological symptoms in a cohort with unrestricted access to mental health professionals.

Methods: The study source population consisted of a random sample of adolescents aged 16-17 years (N=1,369) assessed by the Israeli Draft Board. An adapted version of the Brief Symptom Inventory was used to identify clinically relevant psychopathological symptoms with scores categorized as severe if they were in the top 10th percentile of symptoms, otherwise not severe.

Risk of dementia and death in very-late-onset schizophrenia-like psychosis: A national cohort study.

Knowledge is limited regarding the risks of death and dementia in very-late onset schizophrenia-like psychosis (VLOS). This study aims to scrutinize the associations between VLOS with the risks of death and dementia. Based on a prospective Israeli cohort study with national coverage, 94,120 persons without dementia or schizophrenia diagnoses aged 60 to 90 in 2012 were followed-up for the risks of dementia or death from 2013 to 2017.

Network analysis of the structure and change in the mini-mental state examination: a nationally representative sample.

Purpose: The structure of the mini-mental state examination (MMSE) is inconsistent across factor analytic studies, and yet to be examined based on network analysis. The current study aims to identify the (I) cross-sectional network structure and (II) longitudinal network changes of the MMSE.

Methods: The MMSE was administered to a nationally representative sample of older adults (age 50 and over) in Ireland twice over 4 years (2012-2013: N = 7207; 2016: N = 5715).

Exposure to Antidepressant Medication and the Risk of Incident Dementia.

Objective: To test competing hypotheses that monotherapeutic antidepressant exposure is associated with an increased versus a decreased risk of dementia.

Methods: A prospective national matched cohort study from Israel (N = 71,515) without dementia (2002-2012) aged 60 and over were followed up for incident dementia from May 2013 to October 2017. Exposure to antidepressant monotherapy was classified with Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Codes (N06A) from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2016.

Age of onset and quality of life among males and females with schizophrenia: A national study.

Background: Age of onset is considered central to understanding the course of schizophrenia, yet little is known regarding its association with quality of life in general, and specifically among males and females.

Aims: To examine the association between the age of schizophrenia onset and quality of life, in general, and among males and females, using data from a national sample and competing statistical models.

Methods: Participants with a diagnosis of schizophrenia (N = 1624) completed the Manchester Short Assessment of Quality of Life (MSA-QoL) and were rated on a parallel measure by their professional caregivers (N = 578).

Quality of life disparities between persons with schizophrenia and their professional caregivers: Network analysis in a National Cohort.

Background: Disparities between mental health patients and their professional caregivers in quality of life appraisals have been identified, however, the structure that such disparities assume is unknown.

Aims: To examine the network structure of quality of life appraisals and disparities using network analysis.

Methods: Participants were 1639 persons with schizophrenia using psychiatric rehabilitation services and their primary professional caregivers (N=582).