The Role of Pre-Contrast Sequences of an MRI-Guided Breast Biopsy in Localizing a Target.

This retrospective study aims to assess the role of pre-contrast sequences of an MRI-guided breast biopsy (MRIB) exam in confident and accurate lesion site localization based on tissue landmarks. The charts of all consecutives MRIB that were performed between January 2018 and December 2020 were reviewed. The images of the eligible exams were analyzed by 3 breast radiologists.

Enhanced full-inversion-based ultrasound elastography for evaluating tumor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced breast cancer.

Purpose: An enhanced ultrasound elastography technique is proposed for early assessment of locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC).

Methods: The proposed elastography technique inputs ultrasound radiofrequency data obtained through tissue quasi-static stimulation and adapts a strain refinement algorithm formulated based on fundamental principles of continuum mechanics, coupled with an iterative inverse finite element method to reconstruct the breast Young's modulus (E) images. The technique was explored for therapy response assessment using data acquired from 25 LABC patients before and at weeks 1, 2, and 4 after the NAC initiation (100 scans).

Contrast-Enhanced Mammography-Guided Breast Biopsy: Single-Center Experience.

This prospective single-center study enrolled 50 women with 51 contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM)-enhancing lesions that lacked a sonographic or mammographic correlate. Trial participants underwent CEM-guided biopsy. Biopsy was technically successful for 46 lesions and was not performed for five nonvisualized lesions (all nonmass enhancement), yielding a cancellation rate of 9.

Current Status of Contrast Enhanced Mammography: A Comprehensive Review.

Objectives: The purpose of this article is to provide a detailed and updated review of the physics, techniques, indications, limitations, reporting, implementation and management of contrast enhanced mammography.

Background: Contrast enhanced mammography (CEM), is an emerging iodine-based modified dual energy mammography technique. In addition to having the same advantages as standard full-field digital mammography (FFDM), CEM provides information regarding tumor enhancement, relying on tumor angiogenesis, similar to dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI).

Contrast-Enhanced Mammography in the Diagnosis of Breast Angiosarcoma.

A 60-year-old female presented for further assessment of a new right breast lump (November 2020). She had a history of a stage I (T1bN0M0) right breast invasive mammary carcinoma, grade 2 (score 7/9) with receptors ER/PR-negative, HER2/neu-positive, diagnosed four years prior to her current presentation. At that time, she was treated with a right breast lumpectomy and local radiation.

Management of the Axilla in Early-Stage Breast Cancer: Ontario Health (Cancer Care Ontario) and ASCO Guideline.

Purpose: To provide recommendations on the best strategies for the management and on the best timing and treatment (surgical and radiotherapeutic) of the axilla for patients with early-stage breast cancer.

Methods: Ontario Health (Cancer Care Ontario) and ASCO convened a Working Group and Expert Panel to develop evidence-based recommendations informed by a systematic review of the literature.

Results: This guideline endorsed two recommendations of the ASCO 2017 guideline for the use of sentinel lymph node biopsy in patients with early-stage breast cancer and expanded on that guideline with recommendations for radiotherapy interventions, timing of staging after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC), and mapping modalities.

The Effect of Registration on Voxel-Wise Tofts Model Parameters and Uncertainties from DCE-MRI of Early-Stage Breast Cancer Patients Using 3DSlicer.

We quantitatively investigate the influence of image registration, using open-source software (3DSlicer), on kinetic analysis (Tofts model) of dynamic contrast enhanced MRI of early-stage breast cancer patients. We also show that registration computation time can be reduced by reducing the percent sampling (PS) of voxels used for estimation of the cost function. DCE-MRI breast images were acquired on a 3T-PET/MRI system in 13 patients with early-stage breast cancer who were scanned in a prone radiotherapy position.

COVID-19: Safe Guidelines for Breast Imaging During the Pandemic.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, breast imaging must be performed using safe practices. Balancing the need to avoid delays in the diagnosis of breast cancer while avoiding infection requires careful attention to personal protective equipment and physical distancing and vigilance to maintain these practices. The Canadian Society of Breast Imaging/Canadian Association of Radiologists guideline for breast imaging during COVID-19 is provided based on priority according to risk of breast cancer and impact of delaying treatment.

Lipid-weighted intraoperative photoacoustic tomography of breast tumors: Volumetric comparison to preoperative MRI.

With a lifetime risk of 1 in 8, breast cancer continues to be a major concern for women and their physicians. The optimal treatment of the disease depends on the stage of the cancer at diagnosis, which is typically assessed using medical imaging. However, currently employed imaging systems for breast tumor measurement rarely agree perfectly.

A Single-Institute Experience With Radioactive Seed Localization of Breast Lesions-A Retrospective Study.

Objectives: To assess the benefits associated with radioactive seed localization (RSL) in comparison to conventional wire localization (WL) for nonpalpable breast lesions.

Methods: Radioactive seed localization was initiated at our institution in July 2013. Retrospective review of all WL performed between June 2012 and July 2013 (2013) and all RSL performed during June 2015 and July 2016 (2016).

DCE-MRI assessment of response to neoadjuvant SABR in early stage breast cancer: Comparisons of single versus three fraction schemes and two different imaging time delays post-SABR.

Purpose: To determine the effect of dose fractionation and time delay post-neoadjuvant stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) on dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE)-MRI parameters in early stage breast cancer patients.

Materials And Methods: DCE-MRI was acquired in 17 patients pre- and post-SABR. Five patients were imaged 6-7 days post-21 Gy/1fraction (group 1), six 16-19 days post-21 Gy/1fraction (group 2), and six 16-18 days post-30 Gy/3 fractions every other day (group 3).

Intraoperative photoacoustic screening of breast cancer: a new perspective on malignancy visualization and surgical guidance.

High re-excision rates in breast-conserving surgery call for a new intraoperative approach to the lumpectomy margin evaluation problem. The unique intraoperative imaging system, presented here, demonstrated the capability of photoacoustic tomography (PAT) to deliver optical sensitivity and specificity, along with over 2-cm imaging depth, in a clinical setting. The system enabled the evaluation of tumor extent, shape, morphology, and position within lumpectomy specimens measuring up to 11 cm in diameter.

Comparison of wait times across the breast cancer treatment pathway among screened women undergoing organized breast assessment versus usual care.

Objective: The benefit of organized breast assessment on wait times to treatment among asymptomatic women is unknown. The Ontario Breast Screening Program (OBSP) offers screening and organized assessment through Breast Assessment Centres (BAC). This study compares wait times across the treatment pathway among screened women diagnosed with breast cancer through BAC and usual care (UC).

Clinical utility of radioactive seed localization in nonpalpable breast cancer: A retrospective single institutional cohort study.

Background: With advances in mammographic screening techniques, it has become easier to detect nonpalpable breast lesions at an early stage. Pre-surgical localization of lesions by radioactive seed localization (RSL) has several benefits over conventional wire localization (WL) in guiding breast conserving surgery. In this study, we compared WL and RSL, focusing on the relationship between the techniques and in-breast recurrence or margin positivity.

The impact of organized breast assessment on survival by stage for screened women diagnosed with invasive breast cancer.

Purpose: Since 1998, the Ontario Breast Screening Program (OBSP) has offered organized assessment through Breast Assessment Centres (BAC). This study compares survival between screened women diagnosed with breast cancer who have undergone assessment through a BAC and usual care (UC).

Methods: A retrospective design identified two concurrent cohorts of women aged 50 to 69 within the OBSP diagnosed with screen-detected invasive breast cancer at a BAC (n = 2010) and UC (n = 1844) between 2002 and 2010 and followed until 2016.

Validity of Administrative Databases in Comparison to Medical Charts for Breast Cancer Treatment Data.

Objective: Medical chart abstraction is the gold standard for collecting breast cancer treatment data for monitoring and research. A less costly alternative is the use of administrative databases. This study will evaluate administrative data in comparison to medical charts for breast cancer treatment information.

Concurrent Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Radiation Therapy in Locally Advanced Breast Cancer.

Purpose: To evaluate whether concurrent neoadjuvant radiation added to standard chemotherapy could increase the pathologic complete response (pCR) to treatment for locally advanced breast cancer (LABC).

Methods And Materials: This prospective phase 2 trial recruited 32 LABC patients from 2009 to 2011. Patients received neoadjuvant every-3-weekly 5-fluorouracil (500 mg/m), epirubicin (100 mg/m), and cyclophosphamide (500 mg/m) for 3 cycles, followed by weekly docetaxel (35 mg/m) for 9 cycles.

Multi-modal vertebrae recognition using Transformed Deep Convolution Network.

Automatic vertebra recognition, including the identification of vertebra locations and naming in multiple image modalities, are highly demanded in spinal clinical diagnoses where large amount of imaging data from various of modalities are frequently and interchangeably used. However, the recognition is challenging due to the variations of MR/CT appearances or shape/pose of the vertebrae. In this paper, we propose a method for multi-modal vertebra recognition using a novel deep learning architecture called Transformed Deep Convolution Network (TDCN).

New Palpable Breast Lump With Recent Negative Mammogram: Is Repeat Mammography Necessary?

Objective: The purpose of this article is to determine the utility of repeat mammography, compared with targeted ultrasound and previous mammogram, in the assessment of an interval palpable breast lump found within 1 year after a negative mammogram study.

Materials And Methods: Women who were examined for a new palpable lump with mammography and targeted ultrasound between January 2005 and December 2012, who also had a negative mammogram within the previous 6-12 months, were included. The following data were collected: age, mammographic findings, change from previous mammogram, ultrasound findings, BI-RADS category, and biopsy results.

Optimization of time-to-peak analysis for differentiating malignant and benign breast lesions with dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI.

Rationale And Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of applying measures sensitive to time-to-peak (T(peak)) heterogeneity as indicators for malignancy on breast dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging.

Materials And Methods: The study included 39 benign and 97 malignant breast lesions from 103 patients. Lesions were automatically segmented by k-means clustering.