Can interventions targeting MDSCs improve the outcome of vaccination in vulnerable populations?

Preventive vaccination is a crucial strategy for controlling and preventing infectious diseases, offering both effectiveness and cost-efficiency. However, despite the widespread success of vaccination programs, there are still certain population groups who struggle to mount adequate responses to immunization. These at-risk groups include but are not restricted to the elderly, overweight individuals, individuals with chronic infections and cancer patients.

7p22.3 microdeletion: a case study of a patient with congenital heart defect, neurodevelopmental delay and epilepsy.

Background: Chromosome 7 has regions enriched with low copy repeats (LCRs), which increase the likelihood of chromosomal microdeletion disorders. Documented microdeletion disorders on chromosome 7 include both well-known Williams syndrome and more rare cases. It is noteworthy that most cases of various microdeletions are characterized by phenotypic signs of neuropsychological developmental disorders, which, however, have a different genetic origin.

Long-term changes in the phenotype and cytokine production of monocytes in COVID-19 recovered and vaccinated individuals.

Monocytes play a crucial role in the immune response against pathogens. Here, we sought to determine COVID-19 and the vaccine Gam-COVID-Vac induce long-term changes in the phenotype and cytokine production of circulating monocytes. Monocytes were purified from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of healthy donors who had not had COVID-19 or vaccination, who had received two doses of Gam-COVID-Vac, and who had mild/moderate COVID-19 in the last 6 months and evaluated by flow cytometry.

Association of Genetic Markers with the Risk of Early-Onset Breast Cancer in Kazakh Women.

Breast cancer is a global health problem. It is an age-dependent disease, but cases of early-onset breast cancer (eBC) are gradually increasing. There are many unresolved questions regarding eBC risk factors, mechanisms of development and screening.

Lethal pulmonary embolism in a pregnant woman with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 receiving prophylactic anticoagulation: a case report.

Background: A limited number of studies have described thrombotic complications in pregnant women with COVID-19. Here we report on fatal pulmonary embolism in a pregnant woman with laboratory confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Case Presentation: A 28-year-old Kazakh woman was hospitalized with muscle pain, dry cough and a temperature of 37.

Molecular and seroepidemiological investigation of Сoxiella burnetii and spotted fever group rickettsiae in the southern region of Kazakhstan.

Ticks are involved in the circulation of a number of human pathogens, including spotted fever group (SFG) Rickettsia spp. and Coxiella burnetii. Little is known about the occurrence of these microorganisms in the southern region of Kazakhstan.

Homozygosity mapping in the Kazakh national dog breed Tazy.

The Tazy is a breed of sighthound common in Kazakhstan. The identification of runs of homozygosity (ROH) is an informative approach to assessing the history and possible patterns of directional selection pressure. To our knowledge, the present study is the first to provide an overview of the ROH pattern in the Tazy dogs from a genome-wide perspective.

Kazakh national dog breed Tazy: What do we know?

The Tazy or Kazakh National sighthound has been officially recognized as the national heritage of Kazakhstan. Comprehensive genetic studies of genetic diversity and population structure that could be used for selection and conservation of this unique dog breed have not been conducted so far. The aim of this study was to determine the genetic structure of the Tazy using microsatellite and SNP markers and to place the breed in the context of the world sighthound breeds.

Integrative Functional Genomic Analysis in Multiplex Autism Families from Kazakhstan.

The study of extended pedigrees containing autism spectrum disorder- (ASD-) related broader autism phenotypes (BAP) offers a promising approach to the search for ASD candidate variants. Here, a total of 650,000 genetic markers were tested in four Kazakhstani multiplex families with ASD and BAP to obtain data on mutations (DNMs), common, and rare inherited variants that may contribute to the genetic risk for developing autistic traits. The variants were analyzed in the context of gene networks and pathways.

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells in COVID-19: A review.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a potentially life-threatening infection characterized by excessive inflammation, coagulation disorders and organ damage. A dysregulated myeloid cell compartment is one of the most striking immunopathologic signatures of this newly emerged infection. A growing number of studies are reporting on the expansion of myeloid cells with immunoregulatory activities in the periphery and airways of COVID-19 patients.

Mutation Spectrum of Cancer-Associated Genes in Patients With Early Onset of Colorectal Cancer.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence is rising worldwide, as well as in the Republic of Kazakhstan, while its occurrence is also increasing in the younger population. Hereditary forms associated with the development of colon and rectal cancer and early-onset CRC have never been studied in the population of Kazakhstan. The aim of this research was to investigate the spectrum of CRC-related gene mutations to determine which mutations cause early onset of CRC in the Kazakhstan population.

No Association between the rs1799836 Polymorphism of the Monoamine Oxidase B Gene and the Risk of Autism Spectrum Disorders in the Kazakhstani Population.

Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are heterogeneous diseases that are triggered by a number of environmental and genetic factors. The aim of the current study was to investigate an association of the rs1799836 genetic variant of the neurotransmitter-related gene MAOB with ASDs. In total, 262 patients diagnosed with ASDs and their 126 healthy siblings were included in the present study.

Chronic Inflammation Contributes to Tumor Growth: Possible Role of L-Selectin-Expressing Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells (MDSCs).

Recent data have demonstrated that chronic inflammation is a crucial component of tumor initiation and progression. We previously reported that immature myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) with immunosuppressive activity toward effector T cells were expanded in experimental chronic inflammation. We hypothesized that elevated levels of MDSCs, induced by chronic inflammation, may contribute to the progression of tumor growth.

The determination of genetic markers of age-related cancer pathologies in populations from Kazakhstan.

Aging associates with a variety of pathological conditions such as cancer, cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, autoimmune diseases, and metabolic disorders. The oncogenic alterations overlap frequently with the genes linked to aging. Here, we show that several aging related genes may serve as the genetic risk factors for cervical and esophagus cancers.