Uncertainty of laboratory and portable solid particle number systems for regulatory measurements of vehicle emissions.

In the European Union's emissions regulations, limits for solid particles >23 nm are applicable for the type-approval and in use compliance of vehicles. Consequently, particle number (PN) systems are used very often for both research and development of engines and vehicles, both in the laboratory and on the road. The technical specifications of the laboratory and portable on-board systems are not the same resulting in different measurement uncertainties.

Morphology and mobility of synthetic colloidal aggregates.

The relationship between geometric and dynamic properties of fractal-like aggregates is studied in the continuum mass and momentum-transfer regimes. The synthetic aggregates were generated by a cluster-cluster aggregation algorithm. The analysis of their morphological features suggests that the fractal dimension is a descriptor of a cluster's large-scale structure, whereas the fractal prefactor is a local-structure indicator.