Animal Metabolite Database: Metabolite Concentrations in Animal Tissues and Convenient Comparison of Quantitative Metabolomic Data.

The Animal Metabolite Database (AMDB, https://amdb.online) is a freely accessible database with built-in statistical analysis tools, allowing one to browse and compare quantitative metabolomics data and raw NMR and MS data, as well as sample metadata, with a focus on the metabolite concentrations rather than on the raw data itself. AMDB also functions as a platform for the metabolomics community, providing convenient deposition and exchange of quantitative metabolomic data.

NHEJ pathway is involved in post-integrational DNA repair due to Ku70 binding to HIV-1 integrase.

Background: HIV-1 integration results in genomic DNA gaps that are repaired by cellular DNA repair pathways. This step of the lentiviral life cycle remains poorly understood despite its crucial importance for successful replication. We and others reported that Ku70 protein of the non-homologous end joining pathway (NHEJ) directly binds HIV-1 integrase (IN).

PF‑114, a novel selective inhibitor of BCR‑ABL tyrosine kinase, is a potent inducer of apoptosis in chronic myelogenous leukemia cells.

A t(9;22) chromosomal translocation which forms the chimeric tyrosine kinase breakpoint cluster region (BCR)‑Abelson murine leukemia viral oncogene homolog 1 (ABL) is a key mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). Pharmacological inhibition of BCR‑ABL with imatinib (Gleevec) has been reported as an effective targeted therapy; however, mutations (including the kinase domain of ABL) suppress the efficacy of inhibitors. PF‑114, a derivative of the third generation BCR‑ABL inhibitor ponatinib, demonstrated a high inhibitory activity against wild-type and mutant BCR‑ABL forms, such as the clinically important T315I.

Recombination Processes and Nonlinear Markov Chains.

Bacteria are known to exchange genetic information by horizontal gene transfer. Since the frequency of homologous recombination depends on the similarity between the recombining segments, several studies examined whether this could lead to the emergence of subspecies. Most of them simulated fixed-size Wright-Fisher populations, in which the genetic drift should be taken into account.

Detection of homologous recombination in closely related strains.

Detection of recombination events in a bacterial genome is both important from the evolutionary point of view, and of practical interest. Indeed, homologous recombination (HR) plays a major role in the exchange of antigenic determinants between strains. There exist statistical methods to detect recently recombined segments in whole-genome sequences that use a high local density of substitutions as a signal of HR events with a source outside considered strains.

Discovery of antitumor anthra[2,3-b]furan-3-carboxamides: Optimization of synthesis and evaluation of antitumor properties.

Anthraquinones and their analogues, in particular heteroarene-fused anthracendiones, are prospective scaffolds for new compounds with improved antitumor characteristics. We herein report the use of a 'scaffold hopping' approach for the replacement of the core structure in the previously discovered hit compound naphtho[2,3-f]indole-5,10-dione 2 with an alternative anthra[2,3-b]furan-5,10-dione scaffold. Among 13 newly synthesized derivatives the majority of 4,11-dihydroxy-2-methyl-5,10-dioxoanthra[2,3-b]furan-3-carboxamides demonstrated a high antiproliferative potency against a panel of wild type and drug resistant tumor cell lines, a property superior over the reference drug doxorubicin or lead naphtho[2,3-f]indole-5,10-dione 2.

Immune selection of tumor cells in TCR β-chain transgenic mice.

The concept of immunological surveillance implies that immunogenic variants of tumor cells arising in the organism can be recognized by the immune system. Tumor progression is provided by somatic evolution of tumor cells under the pressure of the immune system. The loss of MHC Class I molecules on the surface of tumor cells is one of the most known outcomes of immune selection.