HR-pQCT reveals marked trabecular and cortical structural deficits in women with pregnancy and lactation-associated osteoporosis (PLO).

Pregnancy and lactation-associated osteoporosis (PLO) is a rare presentation of early-onset osteoporosis characterized by low trauma and spontaneous fractures during late pregnancy/lactation. Herein, we report areal BMD (aBMD) by DXA and volumetric BMD (vBMD), microarchitecture, and strength at the distal radius and tibia by HR-pQCT in 59 women with PLO-in comparison to both healthy premenopausal controls (n = 28) and premenopausal women with idiopathic osteoporotic fractures not associated with pregnancy/lactation (non-PLO IOP; n = 50). Women with PLO (aged 34 ± 6 yr) had a more severe clinical presentation than non-PLO IOP: 80% had vertebral and 92% had multiple fractures (p<.

Bisphosphonates Maintain BMD after Sequential Teriparatide and Denosumab in Premenopausal Women with Idiopathic Osteoporosis.

Context: We previously reported that sequential teriparatide followed by denosumab substantially increases BMD in premenopausal idiopathic osteoporosis (PremenIOP).

Objective: To determine whether administration of bisphosphonates after denosumab cessation is associated with stable BMD in PremenIOP.

Design: Open-label extension study.

Clinical characteristics of pregnancy and lactation associated osteoporosis: An online survey study.

Unlabelled: Pregnancy and lactation associated osteoporosis is a rare and often severe osteoporosis presentation. Little information is available about etiology, clinical characteristics, risk factors and predictors of severity. Using an anonymized questionnaire, we defined clinical characteristics and potential risk factors for disease severity in PLO including primiparity, heparin exposure and celiac disease.

Bone microstructure in proton pump inhibitor users.

Objectives: We assessed skeletal microstructure and stiffness in proton pump inhibitor (PPI) users compared to non-users with high resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HRpQCT) and microfinite element analysis (μFEA) and other modalities. Relationships between PPI dose/frequency and bone parameters were evaluated.

Methods: We cross-sectionally assessed skeletal health in 601 older (≥age 65 years) adults (130 PPI users and 471 non-users) participating in a multi-ethnic population-based study of aging.

Celiac disease and bone.

Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by small intestinal inflammation triggered by gluten ingestion in genetically-predisposed individuals. A frequent extra-intestinal manifestation of CD is metabolic bone disease which contributes to an increased risk of fracture. The mechanisms underlying bone disease in CD remain incompletely understood, but multiple processes have been proposed including (1) malabsorption of calcium and vitamin D leading to secondary hyperparathyroidism and increased skeletal resorption, (2) pro-inflammatory cytokines altering the osteoprotegerin and receptor activator of nuclear kappa-B ligand ratio favoring osteoclastogenesis, (3) hypogonadism, and (4) low weight and malnutrition.

Primary angiosarcoma of thyroid.

Mesenchymal origin of primary thyroid angiosarcomas (TAS) is extremely rare and comprises less than 1% of primary thyroid cancer worldwide. While TAS are most commonly occurring in the Alpine region, there are multiple reported cases of TAS in non-Alpine regions. Diagnosis of TAS is commonly made after thyroidectomy as cytologic diagnosis can be challenging due to paucity of cells, presence of necrosis and unawareness of the disease due to rarity.

Comparative assessment of patient outcomes with intraluminal or subintimal crossing of infrainguinal peripheral artery chronic total occlusions.

This study compares procedural complications and clinical outcomes between subintimal crossing versus intraluminal crossing during endovascular treatment of infrainguinal peripheral artery chronic total occlusions (CTO). We identified 1335 CTO interventions in 1001 patients from the multicenter Excellence in Peripheral Artery Disease (XLPAD) registry from January 2005 to October 2015. Outcomes included 30-day and 12-month all-cause death, non-fatal myocardial infarction or stroke, peripheral artery stent, or vessel, thrombosis (ST), need for any target limb endovascular or surgical revascularization, target limb major amputation and procedural complications.

Drug-Coated Balloons: Current Outcomes and Future Directions.

Paclitaxel-coated drug-coated balloons have significantly improved short-term and mid-term clinical outcomes in patients with symptomatic femoropopliteal peripheral artery disease. However, long-term results are awaited. Furthermore, the clinical success of drug-coated balloons in the infrapopliteal peripheral arteries has been more modest and overall similar to traditional balloon angioplasty, and remains an area of unmet clinical need.

A phonology-free mobile communication app.

Purpose: Aphasia - loss of comprehension or expression of language - is a devastating functional sequela of stroke. There are as yet no effective methods for rehabilitation of aphasia. An assistive device that allows aphasia patients to communicate and interact at speeds approaching real time is urgently needed.