Methanolic extract of wheatgrass ( L.) prevents BPA-induced disruptions in the ovarian steroidogenic pathway and alleviates uterine inflammation in Wistar rats.

Unlabelled: The present study examined the anti-inflammatory and functional improvement of the uterus and ovary, respectively, in bisphenol-A (BPA)-fed adult Wistar rats following the ingestion of methanolic extract of wheatgrass (WG-ME). Four groups of rats were conditioned as vehicle-treated control, BPA-treated (100 mg/kg b.w.

Mitigation of letrozole induced polycystic ovarian syndrome associated inflammatory response and endocrinal dysfunction by Vitex negundo seeds.

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine disorder in women that necessitates effective and safe treatment alternatives. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of Vitex negundo seed in a letrozole-induced PCOS rat model.

Results: Findings of the present study demonstrated that administration of hydro-ethanolic extract of Vitex negundo (VNE) effectively restored endocrino-metabolic imbalances associated with PCOS, along with correction of antioxidant enzymes level, proinflammatory cytokines, and apoptotic bio-markers.

Cervical Trident-Shaped Neurofibroma: A Rare Variant.

Spinal nerve root tumors can arise throughout the spine and at multiple levels, likely representing plexiform neurofibromas that grow from the nerve root into the intraspinal space either intradurally or epidurally and exit through the neural foramen, producing a dumbbell-shaped appearance. Although many cases of dumbbell-shaped extramedullary neurofibromas in the cervical spine have been reported, to the best of our knowledge, there are no reports of trident-shaped extramedullary neurofibromas. A 26-year-old woman presented with swelling over the right side of her neck.

Homocysteine, Vitamins B6, B12, and Folate and the Risk of Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Stroke: A Case-control Study from Northeast India.

Background: Stroke is a major leading global health complication. Identification and management of risk factors associated with stroke can help in prior detection, prevention, and improvement in patient care.

Purpose: To investigate the prevalence of hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) and Vitamins B6, B12, and folate deficiency in stroke patients and also to assess other risk factors associated with ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke.

Attenuation of fluoride-induced hepatorenal oxidative stress by ferulic acid in vivo: An approach with in-silico analysis and interaction informatics of ferulic acid.

Background: Chronic fluoride toxicity induces oxidative strain and lipid peroxidation and imparts deleterious effects on human metabolic organs.

Aim: The present study aimed to expose the defensive impact of ferulic acid against sodium fluoride (NaF) induced hepatorenal dysfunction at the biochemical and antioxidative systems.

Methods: In-vivo.

A Five-Year Retrospective Cohort Study of Survivality and Functional Outcomes of Stroke Patients Following Hospital Admission.

Background: Stroke is the fourth leading cause of death in India. Data on long-term outcomes of patients with stroke in India are relatively sparse.

Objective: To document survival and long-term functional outcomes of patients with acute stroke and to assess the measures taken for secondary prevention of stroke.

Identification and characterization of fungi associated with blister blight lesions of tea (Camellia sinensis L. Kuntze) isolated from Meghalaya, India.

Diseases in plants are mostly caused by fungi. Fungal interactions with the host can be either biotrophic, necrotrophic or hemibiotrophic. Synergistic polymicrobial interactions have been recently recognized that can also attribute to the occurrence of complex plant diseases.

Phospholipases play multiple cellular roles including growth, stress tolerance, sexual development, and virulence in fungi.

Phospholipases are ubiquitous enzymes that hydrolyze phospholipids. Based on the cleavage site of the ester linkage in the substrate phospholipids, phospholipases are classified into four major types, phospholipase A (PLA), phospholipase B (PLB), phospholipase C (PLC), and phospholipase D (PLD), which are further classified into various subtypes. Phospholipases hydrolyze phospholipids into various signaling products including phosphatidic acid (PA), diacylglycerol (DAG), free fatty acids (FFAs), and lyso-phospholipids (LPLs).

The pleiotropic vegetative and sexual development phenotypes of Neurospora crassa arise from double mutants of the calcium signaling genes plc-1, splA2, and cpe-1.

We investigated phenotypes of the double mutants of the calcium (Ca) signaling genes plc-1, splA2, and cpe-1 encoding for a phospholipase C1 (PLC-1), a secretory phospholipase A (sPLA), and a Ca/H exchanger (CPE-1), respectively, to understand the cell functions regulated by their genetic interactions. Mutants lacking plc-1 and either splA2 or cpe-1 exhibited numerous defects including reduced colonial growth, stunted aerial hyphae, premature conidiation on plates with delayed germination, inappropriate conidiation in submerged culture, and lesser mycelial pigmentation. Moreover, the ∆plc-1; ∆splA2 and ∆plc-1; ∆cpe-1 double mutants were female-sterile when crossed with wild type as the male parent.

Multiple cellular roles of Neurospora crassa plc-1, splA2, and cpe-1 in regulation of cytosolic free calcium, carotenoid accumulation, stress responses, and acquisition of thermotolerance.

Phospholipase C1 (PLC1), secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) and Ca(2+)/H(+) exchanger proteins regulate calcium signaling and homeostasis in eukaryotes. In this study, we investigate functions for phospholipase C1 (plc-1), sPLA2 (splA2) and a Ca(2+)/H(+) exchanger (cpe-1) in the filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa. The Δplc-1, ΔsplA2, and Δcpe-1 mutants exhibited a growth defect on medium supplemented with the divalent ionophore A23187, suggesting that these genes might play a role in regulation of cytosolic free Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](c)) in N.