Novel neural network classification of maternal fetal ultrasound planes through optimized feature selection.

Ultrasound (US) imaging is an essential diagnostic technique in prenatal care, enabling enhanced surveillance of fetal growth and development. Fetal ultrasonography standard planes are crucial for evaluating fetal development parameters and detecting abnormalities. Real-time imaging, low cost, non-invasiveness, and accessibility make US imaging indispensable in clinical practice.

Coverage with Influenza, Respiratory Syncytial Virus, and COVID-19 Vaccines Among Nursing Home Residents - National Healthcare Safety Network, United States, November 2024.

Nursing home residents are at elevated risk for severe complications from respiratory viruses, including SARS-CoV-2, influenza, and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Nursing homes are required to report COVID-19 vaccination coverage and can voluntarily report influenza and RSV vaccination coverage among residents to CDC's National Healthcare Safety Network. The purpose of this study was to assess COVID-19, influenza, and RSV vaccination coverage among nursing home residents early in the 2024-25 respiratory virus season.

Enhancing Precision in HIV Treatment: Validation of a Robust Next-Generation Sequencing System for Drug Resistance Mutation Analysis.

Background: Multidrug-resistant HIV strains challenge treatment efficacy and increase mortality rates. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology swiftly detects variants, facilitating personalized antiretroviral therapy.

Aim: This study aimed to validate the Vela Diagnostics NGS platform for HIV drug resistance mutation analysis, rigorously assessed with clinical samples and CAP proficiency testing controls previously analyzed by Sanger sequencing.

ERS International Congress 2023: highlights from the Basic and Translational Sciences Assembly.

Early career members of Assembly 3 (Basic and Translational Sciences) of the European Respiratory Society (ERS) summarise the key messages discussed during six selected sessions that took place at the ERS International Congress 2023 in Milan, Italy. Aligned with the theme of the congress, the first session covered is "Micro- and macro-environments and respiratory health", which is followed by a summary of the "Scientific year in review" session. Next, recent advances in experimental methodologies and new technologies are discussed from the "Tissue modelling and remodelling" session and a summary provided of the translational science session, "What did you always want to know about omics analyses for clinical practice?", which was organised as part of the ERS Translational Science initiative's aims.

Acoustic biomarkers in asthma: a systematic review.

Objective: Current monitoring methods of asthma, such as peak expiratory flow testing, have important limitations. The emergence of automated acoustic sound analysis, capturing cough, wheeze, and inhaler use, offers a promising avenue for improving asthma diagnosis and monitoring. This systematic review evaluated the validity of acoustic biomarkers in supporting the diagnosis of asthma and its monitoring.

The impact of race and ethnicity on diffuse large B-cell lymphoma outcomes within the veterans health administration (VHA).

We performed a retrospective chart review of 6266 randomly selected DLBCL patients treated in the VHA nationwide between 1/1/2011 and 12/31/2021. The 3178 patients who met inclusion criteria were predominantly male (97%) and white (75%). Median age of diagnosis for Black patients was 63 years vs 69 years for the entire cohort ( < 0.

Spatial resolution of HIV-1 post-entry steps in resting CD4 T cells.

Resting CD4 T cells resist productive HIV-1 infection. The HIV-2/simian immunodeficiency virus protein viral accessory protein X (Vpx) renders these cells permissive to infection, presumably by alleviating blocks at cytoplasmic reverse transcription and subsequent nuclear import of reverse-transcription/pre-integration complexes (RTC/PICs). Here, spatial analyses using quantitative virus imaging techniques reveal that HIV-1 capsids containing RTC/PICs are readily imported into the nucleus, recruit the host dependency factor CPSF6, and translocate to nuclear speckles in resting CD4 T cells.

Lisocabtagene maraleucel for treatment of relapsed and refractory primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma in an adolescent patient.

The safety and efficacy of CAR T-cell therapy are unknown in pediatric and adolescent patients with relapsed or refractory primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma (R/R PMBCL) which is associated with dismal prognosis. Here, we present a case report of a 16-year-old patient with R/R PMBCL treated with lisocabtagene maraleucel including correlative studies. Patient achieved complete response at 6 months without cytokine release syndrome and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome.

The Impact of Time From Diagnosis to Initiation of Chemotherapy on Survival of Patients With Newly Diagnosed Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma in the Veterans Health Administration.

Introduction: Our retrospective study evaluates the impact of time from diagnosis to treatment (TDT) on outcomes of patients with newly diagnosed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) treated within the Veterans Health Administration (VHA).

Methods: VHA patients diagnosed with DLBCL between 2011 and 2019 were included, while those with primary central nervous system lymphoma were excluded. The median overall survival and progression-free survival were estimated with the Kaplan-Meier method.

Biosynthesis of selenium nanoparticles using cell-free extract of Xenorhabdus cabanillasii GU480990 and their potential mosquito larvicidal properties against yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti.

Nanomaterials are successful due to their numerous applications in various domains such as cancer treatment, environmental applications, drug and gene delivery. Selenium is a metalloid element with broad biological activities and low toxicity especially at the nanoscale. Several studies have shown that nanoparticles synthesized from microbial and plant extracts are effective against important pests and pathogens.

Coverage with Influenza, Respiratory Syncytial Virus, and Updated COVID-19 Vaccines Among Nursing Home Residents - National Healthcare Safety Network, United States, December 2023.

Nursing home residents are at risk for becoming infected with and experiencing severe complications from respiratory viruses, including SARS-CoV-2, influenza, and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Fall 2023 is the first season during which vaccines are simultaneously available to protect older adults in the United States against all three of these respiratory viruses. Nursing homes are required to report COVID-19 vaccination coverage and can voluntarily report influenza and RSV vaccination coverage among residents to CDC's National Healthcare Safety Network.

Prevalence and clinical implications of respiratory viruses in asthma during stable disease state and acute attacks: Protocol for a meta-analysis.

Introduction: Viruses are detected in over 50% of acute asthma attacks and in a notable proportion of patients with asthma during stable disease state They are associated with worse outcomes. We will conduct a series of systematic reviews and meta-analyses to quantify the prevalence and clinical burden of various respiratory viruses in stable asthma and acute asthma attacks. In addition, we will assess the viral loads of respiratory viruses during stable and acute asthma, to explore whether viral load could differentiate attacks triggered by viruses versus those where viruses are present as "innocent bystanders".

The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on orthodontic services and trainees' mental health in India.

Aim: To evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on clinical orthodontic services, orthodontic education, and the emotional well-being of orthodontists and orthodontic trainees in India.

Materials And Methods: The survey was designed using Survey Monkey™ and distributed to members of the Indian Orthodontic Society via their registered email address and also via social media platforms (WhatsApp and LinkedIn).

Results: A total of 610 responses to the survey were received.

Co-occurrence of Anti-GAD65 Syndrome, Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus, and Focal Seizures With Impaired Awareness.

Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) is an intracellular enzyme found in the presynaptic end of nerve terminals that functions to synthesize ​​gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) via decarboxylation. Autoantibodies to the GAD65 isoform have been found in high levels in neurological disorders including stiff person syndrome (SPS), autoimmune encephalitis, and refractory epilepsy. Low levels of anti-GAD65 have also been noted in type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Clinical Utility of Optical Genome Mapping and 523-Gene Next Generation Sequencing Panel for Comprehensive Evaluation of Myeloid Cancers.

The standard-of-care (SOC) for genomic testing of myeloid cancers primarily relies on karyotyping/fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) (cytogenetic analysis) and targeted gene panels (usually ≤54 genes) that harbor hotspot pathogenic variants (molecular genetic analysis). Despite this combinatorial approach, ~50% of myeloid cancer genomes remain cytogenetically normal, and the limited sequencing variant profiles obtained from targeted panels are unable to resolve the molecular etiology of many myeloid tumors. In this study, we evaluated the performance and clinical utility of combinatorial use of optical genome mapping (OGM) and a 523-gene next-generation sequencing (NGS) panel for comprehensive genomic profiling of 30 myeloid tumors and compared it to SOC cytogenetic methods (karyotyping and FISH) and a 54-gene NGS panel.

Mindcraft, a Mobile Mental Health Monitoring Platform for Children and Young People: Development and Acceptability Pilot Study.

Background: Children and young people's mental health is a growing public health concern, which is further exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Mobile health apps, particularly those using passive smartphone sensor data, present an opportunity to address this issue and support mental well-being.

Objective: This study aimed to develop and evaluate a mobile mental health platform for children and young people, Mindcraft, which integrates passive sensor data monitoring with active self-reported updates through an engaging user interface to monitor their well-being.

Robot-assisted partial nephrectomy in morbidly obese patients: a VCQI database study.

To compare perioperative outcomes following robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) in patients with morbid obesity (body mass index (BMI > 40 kg/m)) and non-obese patients. Using the Vattikuti Collective quality initiative (VCQI) database for RAPN, data for morbidly obese and non-obese patients was obtained. Propensity scores were calculated for two treatment groups (morbidly obese vs.

A Conserved Acidic Residue in the C-Terminal Flexible Loop of HIV-1 Nef Contributes to the Activity of SERINC5 and CD4 Downregulation.

The host transmembrane protein SERINC5 is incorporated into retrovirus particles and inhibits HIV-1 infectivity. The lentiviral Nef protein counteracts SERINC5 by downregulating it from the cell surface and preventing its incorporation into virions. The ability of Nef to antagonize the host factor varies in magnitude between different HIV-1 isolates.

Novel Application of Hydrodissection in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy for Gangrenous Gallbladders.

Introduction: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) for gangrenous gallbladders (GGBs) can be challenging and represent a significant number of LC cases, necessitating more efficacious surgical techniques. Currently, the standard treatment for GGBs is blunt dissection which can have high iatrogenic complication rates. To our knowledge, this is the first large retrospective study conducted on the novel application of hydrodissection (HD) in LCs for GGBs.

Hydrodissection in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomies for Gangrenous Gallbladders.

To improve the quality of patient care for cholecystectomies for gangrenous gallbladders, multiple innovations have been introduced including laparoscopic and robotic surgery. However, laparoscopic cholecystectomies for gangrenous gallbladders performed by blunt dissection still represents one of the most technically challenging general surgery procedures, with a high rate of iatrogenic complications and suboptimal measures for key surgical parameters such as length of stay, operating time, and blood loss. For this reason, the novel use of surgical techniques such as hydrodissection, which involves the expulsion of normal saline streams at a predetermined pressure, for cholecystectomies for gangrenous gallbladders are of utmost importance.