Upgrade Rate and Predictive Factors Associated With Breast Papillary Lesions on Core Biopsy: A Canadian Experience.

Papillary lesions of the breast are a heterogeneous group, encompassing a wide range of lesions. The histologic distinction between papillary breast lesions remains challenging, especially on core biopsy specimens. This study aimed to determine the rate of upgrade to atypia or malignancy of biopsy-proven papillary lesions on surgical follow-up and to assess for factors associated with an upgrade in Greater Vancouver, BC, Canada.

Tumour to tumour metastasis: case of a carotid body paraganglioma metastatic to a hepatocellular adenoma.

Tumour to tumour metastases are uncommon, and we report a case of carotid body paraganglioma metastatic to a hepatocellular adenoma. A 54-year-old man presented after a CT chest for chronic cough that incidentally identified two liver lesions in segment 3 and caudate. The imaging findings were suspicious for atypical haemangiomas versus hepatocellular adenoma.

Etiology of cirrhosis in the young.

The etiology and incidence of cirrhosis in adults has been well studied, however there is scant data in younger patients. The aim of this study was to determine causes of cirrhosis in patients ≤40 years old. In this multi-institutional retrospective study, pathology databases were searched for patients ≤40-year-old with a diagnosis of cirrhosis from 1995 to 2018.

Resection of ruptured hepatic teratoma in an adult.

Introduction: Extragonadal locations of teratomas are uncommonly reported in the literature. Teratomas are neoplasms usually found in the gonadal organs: ovaries and testis. The majority of teratomas are found in the pediatric age group.

Histologic features of autoimmune hepatitis: a critical appraisal.

We speculate that the "typical" histologic features (lymphoplasmacytic interface hepatitis, emperipolesis, and hepatocyte rosettes) of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) are related to severity of hepatitis rather than etiology. We critically appraised various histologic features of AIH and compared them with cases of chronic hepatitis with similar inflammatory grade and fibrosis stage. Fifty-one patients with clinically confirmed AIH were identified at our institution, of which 43 biopsies (from 42 patients) were taken before initiation of therapy and formed the study group.

hepatocellular carcinoma after pediatric living donor liver transplantation.

malignancies carry an incidence ranging between 3%-26% after transplant and account for the second highest cause of post-transplant mortality behind cardiovascular disease. While the majority of malignancies after transplant usually consist of skin cancers, there has been an increasing rate of solid tumor cancers over the last 15 years. Although, recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is well understood among patients transplanted for HCC, there are increasing reports of HCC in those transplanted for a non-HCC indication.

Therapeutic Challenges of Hepatic Mucormycosis in Hematologic Malignancy: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

BACKGROUND The clinical presentation of mucormycosis can vary widely based on various host factors. Among malignancy- and bone marrow transplant-associated infections, the lungs are the most common site of infection. Involvement of the gastrointestinal tract is less frequently encountered.

Cytomegalovirus appendicitis in an immunocompetent host.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a common viral pathogen. Asymptomatic infection or a mononucleosis syndrome are the most common manifestations in otherwise healthy individuals. End-organ disease is rare in immunocompetent individuals.

Duodenal polyposis secondary to portal hypertensive duodenopathy.

Portal hypertensive duodenopathy (PHD) is a recognized, but uncommon finding of portal hypertension in cirrhotic patients. Lesions associated with PHD include erythema, erosions, ulcers, telangiectasia, exaggerated villous pattern and duodenal varices. However, duodenal polyposis as a manifestation of PHD is rare.

Molecular abnormalities in ovarian carcinoma: clinical, morphological and therapeutic correlates.

The histopathological classification of ovarian surface epithelial carcinomas (referred to hereafter as 'ovarian carcinoma') has shifted over the past 10 years to reflect more clearly our understanding of molecular events during carcinogenesis. Ovarian carcinoma is no longer viewed as a single entity but as multiple disease processes, with each having different molecular pathways altered during oncogenesis, resulting in differences in clinical and pathological features, such as biomarker expression, pattern of spread and response to chemotherapy. There are five subtypes of ovarian carcinoma that are sufficiently distinct and well-characterized that they should be considered to be different diseases, i.

Primary hepatic neuroendocrine tumour requiring live donor liver transplantation: case report and concise review.

Primary hepatic neuroendocrine tumours are rare tumours effecting relatively young patients. As metastatic neuroendocrine tumours to the liver are much more common, extensive investigations are crucial to exclude a primary tumour elsewhere. We report a case of a 27 year old woman who presented with fatigue, increased abdominal girth and feeling of early satiety and bloating.

Beta-catenin is a mediator of the response of fibroblasts to irradiation.

Radiation causes soft tissue complications that include fibrosis and deficient wound healing. beta-Catenin, a key component in the canonical Wnt-signaling pathway, is activated in fibrotic processes and wound repair and, as such, could play a role in mediating cellular responses to irradiation. beta-Catenin can form a transcriptionally active complex with members of the Tcf family.

IFN-{beta} signaling positively regulates tumorigenesis in aggressive fibromatosis, potentially by modulating mesenchymal progenitors.

Aggressive fibromatosis (also called desmoid tumor) is a benign, locally invasive, soft tissue tumor composed of cells with mesenchymal characteristics. These tumors are characterized by increased levels of beta-catenin-mediated T-cell factor (TCF)-dependent transcriptional activation. We found that type 1 IFN signaling is activated in human and murine aggressive fibromatosis tumors and that the expression of associated response genes is regulated by beta-catenin.

Beta-catenin regulates wound size and mediates the effect of TGF-beta in cutaneous healing.

After cutaneous injury, a variety of cell types are activated to reconstitute the epithelial and dermal components of the skin. beta-Catenin plays disparate roles in keratinocytes and fibroblasts, inhibiting keratinocyte migration and activating fibroblast proliferation, suggesting that beta-catenin could either inhibit or enhance the healing process. How beta-catenin functions in concert with other signaling pathways important in the healing process is unknown.