Comparison of human papillomavirus (HPV) detection in urine and cervical swab samples using the HPV GenoArray Diagnostic assay.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the leading cause of cervical cancer. Urine-based HPV testing offers a simple and non-invasive method because of its increasing acceptance. A total of 164 pairs of cervical swab and urine samples from Thai women who underwent cervical cancer screening were used for HPV testing with HPV GenoArray Diagnostic Kits.

Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus Infection in Breast Cancer Cells from Thai Women.

Breast cancer is the leading female cancer worldwide and is the most frequently diagnosed in Thai women. Its potential etiologic has not been clearly identified. Several recent reports could detect human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in breast cancer or benign breast lesions.

False-Negative Rate of Papanicolaou Testing: A National Survey from the Thai Society of Cytology.

Objective: To evaluate the performance of Papanicolaou smear screening in Thailand at the national level, and to propose recommendations for continuing quality control.

Study Design: This study was conducted by The Thai Society of Cytology and involved 124 laboratories in 76 provinces during 2010-2014. Random sampling suggested recalling of 10% of slides defined as negative at routine screenings (10% random rescreening [R10] model) directly from the reading unit.

Comparative accuracy of Pap smear and HPV screening in Ubon Ratchathani in Thailand.

We evaluate the potential for using high-risk human papillomavirus (hr-HPV) testing-based screening for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) in routine health services in Thailand; its accuracy in comparison to that of conventional cytology (CC); and the utility of HPV16/18 positive results and liquid-based cytology (LBC) triage for HPV-positive women in the detection of high-grade CIN. Women aged 30-60 years in Ubon Ratchathani province, Thailand were screened with CC and hr-HPV testing and those abnormal on either tests were referred for colposcopy and/or directed biopsies. The final diagnosis using COBAS was based on histology or colposcopy when histology was not available.

Comparison of Efficacy in Abnormal Cervical Cell Detection between Liquid-based Cytology and Conventional Cytology.

This study was conducted to 1206 women who had cervical cancer screening at Chonburi Cancer Hospital. The spilt-sample study aimed to compare the efficacy of abnormal cervical cells detection between liquid-based cytology (LBC) and conventional cytology (CC). The collection of cervical cells was performed by broom and directly smeared on a glass slide for CC then the rest of specimen was prepared for LBC.

Prevalence of high risk human papillomavirus infection with different cervical cytological features among women undergoing health examination at the National Cancer Institute, Thailand.

High-risk (HR) human papillomavirus (HPV) testing is important in cervical cancer screening for triage colposcopy. The objective of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of HR HPV infection with different cervical cytological features among women undergoing health examination. A total of 2,897 women were retrospectively evaluated between May 2011 to December 2011.

Detection of human papillomavirus in male and female urine by electrochemical DNA chip and PCR sequencing.

Background: Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer in Thai women after breast cancer. Currently, the Papanicolaou (Pap) smear is the recommended procedure for cervical cancer screening in Thailand, but only a relatively small percentage of women follow this screening program. An alternative method to detect HPV genotypes associated with cervical cancer is self-sampling of urine, which is a more widely accepted method.

Large scale study of HPV genotypes in cervical cancer and different cytological cervical specimens in Thailand.

Identification of high-risk HPV genotypes in patients is essential for vaccination and prevention programs while the geographic distribution of cervical cancer varies widely. HPV 16 is the major cause of cervical cancer followed by HPV 18, HPV 31, HPV 52, or HPV 58 depending on geographic area. In this study, the distribution of HPV genotypes in cervical specimens from women living in Thailand was analyzed by HPV testing with electrochemical DNA chip and PCR direct sequencing.

Polymorphisms in TP53 (rs1042522), p16 (rs11515 and rs3088440) and NQO1 (rs1800566) genes in Thai cervical cancer patients with HPV 16 infection.

The risk of cervical cancer development in women infected with HPV varies in relation to the individual host's genetic makeup. Many studies on polymorphisms as genetic factors have been aimed at analyzing associations with cervical cancer. In this study, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 3 genes were investigated in relation to cervical cancer progression in HPV16 infected women with lesions.

High-risk human papillomavirus genotype detection by electrochemical DNA chip method.

High-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes are the major cause of cervical cancer. Hence, HPV genotype detection is a helpful preventive measure to combat cervical cancer. Recently, several HPV detection methods have been developed, each with different sensitivities and specificities.

Whole genome analysis of human papillomavirus type 16 multiple infection in cervical cancer patients.

The characterization of the whole genome of human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) from cervical cancer specimens with multiple infections in comparison with single infection samples as the oncogenic potential of the virus may differ. Cervical carcinoma specimens positive for HPV16 by PCR and INNO-LiPA were randomly selected for whole genome characterization. Two HPV16 single infection and six HPV16 multiple infection specimens were subjected to whole genome analysis by using conserved primers and subsequent sequencing.

E4 expression of human papillomavirus in cervical samples with different cytology categories.

In some circumstances, infection with human papillomavirus (HPV), especially HPV type 16 (HPV16), progresses to cervical cancer. Viral E4 expression reflects viral replication and translation and its presence may rule out a latent infectious stage. Twenty cervical cytology samples with known HPV 16 infection of each cytological category namely, negative for intraepithelial lesion (NIL), low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) and squamous carcinoma (SCC) were investigated by single-step quantitative RT PCR for HPV 16 E4 mRNA, which was not found in any NIL sample but in all LSIL and HSIL samples.

Comparison between direct sequencing and INNO-LiPA methods for HPV detection and genotyping in Thai Women.

Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) have been recognized as etiologic factors in cervical carcinoma and several other anogenital cancers in females and males. HPV are classified as low risk (LR), probable high risk and high risk (HR) on the basis of their oncogenic potential. HPV genotypes, which are crucial for diagnosis and relationship with carcinogenesis, have been determined by several genotyping methods.

Human papilloma virus prevalence, genotype distribution, and pattern of infection in Thai women.

Background: The pattern of infection in cervical lesions with respect to HPV subtype has not been systematically studied in Thai women. The aim here was to determine HPV prevalence, genotype, and infection pattern in cervical lesions and to estimate the potential efficacy of an HPV prophylactic vaccine.

Design: Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded cervical tissue blocks of 410 Thai patients from 8 institutes in 4 regions of Thailand (northern, southern, north-eastern, and central) were studied.

Mutations in TP53 and CTNNB1 in Relation to Hepatitis B and C Infections in Hepatocellular Carcinomas from Thailand.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) may develop according to two major pathways, one involving HBV infection and TP53 mutation and the other characterized by HCV infection and CTNNB1 mutation. We have investigated HBV/HCV infections and TP53/CTNNB1 mutations in 26 HCC patients from Thailand. HBV DNA (genotype B or C) was detected in 19 (73%) of the cases, including 5 occult infections and 3 coinfections with HCV.

Whole-genome sequence analysis of human papillomavirus type 18 from infected Thai women.

Objective: The aim of this study was to attain molecular knowledge of human papillomavirus type 18 (HPV18) by sequencing the whole genome of HPV18 isolated from Thai women at various clinical stages of disease progression.

Method: Our group analyzed 9 samples of whole-genome HPV18 in infected women ranging from normal to cervical cancer by PCR, a sequencing method and bioinformatics programs.

Results: Phylogenetic analysis based on the whole genome showed that HPV18 samples were more closely related to the European and Asian-American type than the African type.

Novel PNLIPRP3 and DOCK8 gene expression and prognostic implications of DNA loss on chromosome 10q25.3 in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Our previous study of gene alterations in 29 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) using AP-PCR amplified with 59 different 10-mer arbitrary primers and gene cloning, indicated DNA alterations by DNA fingerprints from 34 primers. Among these, the altered DNA fragment from primer U-8 predominated (62%). The aim of this report is to identify the gene alterations on chromosomal banding and gene expression in these patients, including the association of these alterations with patient demographic data.

Interobserver reproducibility in determining p16 overexpression in cervical lesions : use of a combined scoring method.

Objectives: To evaluate interobserver reproducibility of a combined scoring method for immunohistochemical interpretation of p16 overexpression in cervical lesions.

Materials And Methods: p16 immunostaining was performed in cervical samples from 183 patients, including 69 normal, 42 low grade squamous intraepithelial lesions(LSIL), 36 high grade SIL (HSIL), and 36 squamous cell carcinomas(SCCAs). Each case was evaluated by a combined scoring method based on the percentage of positive cells (score 0-3), the intensity of staining (score 0-3), and the distribution pattern (score 0-2).

Immunohistochemical overexpression of p16 protein associated with cervical cancer in Thailand.

Cervical cancer is caused by persistent infections through high risk (HR) types of human HPVs, particularly HPV 16 and 18. HR-HPV types encode two potent oncogenes, referred to as E6 and E7. Both are required to induce and maintain neoplastic growth of cervical cancer cells.

Real-time PCR assay for rapid detection of GSTM1 polymorphism in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients.

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a common public health problem in Thailand. Glutathione S-transferase M1 gene deletion (GSTM1 null genotype) carriers have been reported to be at increased risk and therefore this parameter is a potential marker for screening of NPC high-risk individuals. However, the conventional polymerase chain reaction (C-PCR) assay commonly used for GSTM1 null genotype detection is not suitable for mass screening since it is inconvenient, time consuming and unsafe due to the use of a toxic chemical.

Real-time quantitative PCR analysis of amplified DNA on chromosomes 4p15.2 and 6q23-24 from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded breast cancer tissues.

This study was performed to detect amplification of DNA sequences on chromosomes 4p15.2 and 6q23-24, obtained from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded, breast-cancer tissues. The prognostic relevance of the amplification was also demonstrated.

Association between EBNA2 and LMP1 subtypes of Epstein-Barr virus and nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Thais.

Background: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is an Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated malignancy that is common in Thailand. The association of the EBV nuclear antigen 2 gene (EBNA2) and the latent membrane protein 1 gene (LMP1) with NPC is unclear.

Objective: To determine the association between EBNA2 and LMP1 subtypes of EBV and NPC in Thais.

Genetic instability in cervical cancer detected by arbitrarily primed polymerase chain reaction.

The genetic instability in 54 Thai cervical cancer tissues were analyzed by Arbitrarily Primed Polymerase Chain Reaction (AP-PCR). The band alterations produced from 54 arbitrary primers were compared between the DNA finger printing from the patients and their corresponding normal cervical tissues. Results revealed 7 arbitrary primers provided DNA alteration patterns.

Efficient hepatitis C antigen immunohistological staining in sections of normal, cirrhotic and tumoral liver using a new monoclonal antibody directed against serum-derived HCV E2 glycoproteins.

Detection and localization of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) in liver tissue is useful for diagnostic purposes as well as to elucidate the mechanisms by which the virus participates in hepatocarcinogenesis. However, so far, a sensitive method for HCV detection at the cellular level is lacking. We describe here the application of a novel antibody, D4.