Crowder Chain Length Variability and Excluded Volume Effect on the Phase Separation Behavior of Mucin.

Phase separation within cellular membranes, a critical process underpinning diverse cellular functions, is significantly influenced by transmembrane proteins. Therefore, elucidating the behavior of a transmembrane protein in its phase-separated state is of utmost importance. Our study explores mucin behavior in the cellular milieu, aiming to determine the role of crowder chain length and excluded volume in phase separation.

Porokeratotic Variant of Lichen Planus.

A 44-year-old woman presented with mildly itchy, brownish-black plaques for the last 2 years. The lesions first appeared on the upper back, followed by involvement of the face and upper arms within 4-5 months. Individual lesions began as small papules that gradually evolved into small, annular, and barely palpable plaques.

A comparative evaluation of therapeutic response in warts to intralesional vitamin D3 versus intralesional measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine.

The infection of keratinocytes by human papilloma virus (HPV) causes warts. These are of different types based on morphological and anatomical grounds. This has led to the development of strategies involved in the treatment of warts by induction of delayed hypersensitivity reactions.

Nanofinishing of BK7 glass using a magnetorheological solid rotating core tool.

Surface finishing is a promising method to improve the optical characteristics of crown glass. BK7 finds its applications in transmissive optics, i.e.

Bioconjugated graphene oxide-based Raman probe for selective identification of SKBR3 breast cancer cells.

In this article, we demonstrate the use of bio-conjugated 2D graphene oxide (bio-GO) nanostructure to probe breast cancer cell (SKBR3) with excellent discrimination over other types of circulating tumor cells. We distinctly observed that bio-GO nanostructure targets and bind SKBR3 cell selectively in the cell mixture. Longer incubation of SKBR3 cell with bio-GO causes Raman signal "turn off" when excited with 532 nm laser.

Does magnetic resonance imaging appearance of supraspinatus muscle atrophy change after repairing rotator cuff tears?

Background: This study was conducted to determine whether supraspinatus muscle atrophy appearance changes after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair and to quantify the change in appearance on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), if any, based on age and tendon retraction.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients who underwent arthroscopic rotator cuff repair and considered only 209 patients who had both preoperative and immediate postoperative MRI. Patients were grouped by age <60 years and >60 years.

Alizarin Dye based ultrasensitive plasmonic SERS probe for trace level Cadmium detection in drinking water.

Alizarin functionalized on plasmonic gold nanoparticle displays strong surface enhanced Raman scattering from the various Raman modes of Alizarin, which can be exploited in multiple ways for heavy metal sensing purposes. The present article reports a surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) probe for trace level Cadmium in water samples. Alizarin, a highly Raman active dye was functionalized on plasmonic gold surface as a Raman reporter, and then 3-mercaptopropionic acid, 2,6-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid at pH 8.

Multifunctional hybrid graphene oxide for label-free detection of malignant melanoma from infected blood.

This communication reports for the first time the development of multifunctional graphene oxide for the ultra-sensitive and label-free detection of malignant melanoma from an infected blood sample.

Sensitive and selective detection of trivalent chromium using Hyper Rayleigh Scattering with 5,5'-dithio--(2-nitrobenzoic acid)-modified gold nanoparticles.

Hyper Rayleigh Scattering (HRS) and absorption spectral assays using surface-modified gold nanoparticles (AuNP) have been developed for sensitive and selective detection of trivalent chromium (Cr) from other metal ions including hexavalent chromium (as CrO). Gold nanoparticles of 13 nm, covalently attached with 5,5'-dithio--(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (AuNP-DTNBA), is used as a probe for both the absorption and HRS assays. AuNP-DTNBA is able to detect Cr at 20 ppb level at pH 6.

Enhancing targeted tumor treatment by near IR light-activatable photodynamic-photothermal synergistic therapy.

For several decades, cancer has been one of the most life-threatening diseases. For enhancing anticancer efficiency with minimum side effects, combination therapy is envisioned. The current manuscript reports for the first time the development of a methylene blue (MB) bound nanoplatform, which is capable of delivering targeted diagnostic and combined synergistic photothermal and photodynamic treatment of cancer.

Popcorn-shaped magnetic core-plasmonic shell multifunctional nanoparticles for the targeted magnetic separation and enrichment, label-free SERS imaging, and photothermal destruction of multidrug-resistant bacteria.

Over the last few years, one of the most important and complex problems facing our society is treating infectious diseases caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDRB), by using current market-existing antibiotics. Driven by this need, we report for the first time the development of the multifunctional popcorn-shaped iron magnetic core-gold plasmonic shell nanotechnology-driven approach for targeted magnetic separation and enrichment, label-free surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) detection, and the selective photothermal destruction of MDR Salmonella DT104. Due to the presence of the "lightning-rod effect", the core-shell popcorn-shaped gold-nanoparticle tips provided a huge field of SERS enhancement.

A surface enhanced Raman scattering probe for highly selective and ultra sensitive detection of iodide in water and salt samples.

Iodine is a biophilic and essential trace element for all life and especially for vertebrates, which require it to produce indispensable thyroid hormones in their thyroid glands. As a result, the adequate measurement of iodine in water and food samples is crucial to lead a healthy life. Motivated by its importance, this is the first time in the literature that the highly selective and ultra sensitive (30 ppt limit) surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)-based detection of iodide ions (I(-)) from environmental and food samples has been reported.

Theranostic magnetic core-plasmonic shell star shape nanoparticle for the isolation of targeted rare tumor cells from whole blood, fluorescence imaging, and photothermal destruction of cancer.

Cancer is one of the most life-threatening diseases, which causes 7.6 million deaths and around 1 trillion dollars economic loss every year. Theranostic materials are expected to improve early detection and safe treatment through personalized medicine.

Designing distance dependent SERS assay for monitoring photothermal antibacterial activity response.

This communication reports, for the first time, the design of distance dependent SERS assay for monitoring the photothermal antibacterial activity process.

Highly efficient SERS substrate for direct detection of explosive TNT using popcorn-shaped gold nanoparticle-functionalized SWCNT hybrid.

This paper reports for the first time the development of a large-scale SERS substrate from a popcorn-shaped gold nanoparticle-functionalized single walled carbon nanotubes hybrid thin film for the selective and highly sensitive detection of explosive TNT material at a 100 femtomolar (fM) level.

Synthesis of highly fluorescent water-soluble silver nanoparticles for selective detection of Pb(II) at the parts per quadrillion (PPQ) level.

This communication reports for the first time the synthesis of water-soluble glutathione protected highly fluorescence (Φ = 0.18) silver nanoparticles for the selective and highly sensitive sensing of Pb(ii) at the parts per quadrillion (PPQ) level.

A gold nanocage-CNT hybrid for targeted imaging and photothermal destruction of cancer cells.

This communication reports the design of a novel aptamer conjugated gold nanocage decorated SWCNTs hybrid nanomaterial for targeted imaging and selective photothermal destruction of the prostate cancer cells.

Development of a long-range surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy ruler.

Optical-ruler-based distance measurements are essential for tracking biomolecular processes in a wide range of analytical biochemical applications. The normally used Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) ruler is not useful for investigating distance-dependent properties when distances are more than 10 nm. Driven by this limitation, we have developed a long-range surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) optical ruler using oval-shaped gold nanoparticles and Rh6G dye-modified rigid, variable-length double-strand DNAs.

Nanomaterials for targeted detection and photothermal killing of bacteria.

Despite the modern treatment processes, contamination of food, water and medical equipment by pathogenic bacteria is very common in this world. Since the last two decades, one of the most important and complex problems our society has been facing is that several human pathogens became resistant to most of the clinically approved antibiotics. Recent advancement in nanoscience and nanotechnology has expanded our ability to design and construct nanomaterials with targeting, therapeutic, and diagnostic functions.

Multifunctional plasmonic shell-magnetic core nanoparticles for targeted diagnostics, isolation, and photothermal destruction of tumor cells.

Cancer is the greatest challenge in human healthcare today. Cancer causes 7.6 million deaths and economic losses of around 1 trillion dollars every year.

Highly selective SERS probe for Hg(II) detection using tryptophan-protected popcorn shaped gold nanoparticles.

Contamination of the environment with toxic Hg(II) is becoming a huge concern throughout the world now. Driven by the need, this communication reports for the first time a tryptophan protected popcorn shaped gold nanomaterials based SERS probe for rapid, easy and highly selective recognition of Hg(II) ions in the 5 ppb level from aqueous solution, with high sensitivity and selectivity over competing analytes. We demonstrate that our SERS assay is capable of measuring the amount of Hg(II) in alkaline battery.

Gold nano-popcorn attached SWCNT hybrid nanomaterial for targeted diagnosis and photothermal therapy of human breast cancer cells.

Breast cancer presents greatest challenge in health care in today's world. The key to ultimately successful treatment of breast cancer disease is an early and accurate diagnosis. Current breast cancer treatments are often associated with severe side effects.

Targeted highly sensitive detection of multi-drug resistant Salmonella DT104 using gold nanoparticles.

Monoclonal antibody-conjugated popcorn-shape gold nanotechnology-driven approach to selectively detect multiple drug resistant (MDRB) Salmonella typhimurium DT104 bacteria has been developed. We demonstrate that the gold nanotechnology based assay is capable of measuring the amount of MDRB in food samples.

Long-range nanoparticle surface-energy-transfer ruler for monitoring photothermal therapy response.

A recent gold nanotechnology-driven approach opens up a new possibility for the destruction of cancer cells through photothermal therapy. Ultimately, photothermal therapy may enter into clinical therapy and, as a result, there is an urgent need for techniques to monitor the tumor response to therapy. Driven by this need, a nanoparticle surface-energy-transfer (NSET) approach to monitor the photothermal therapy process by measuring a simple fluorescence intensity change is reported.