Does Previous Breast Reduction Affect the Outcome of Gender-Affirming Subcutaneous Mastectomy?

Introduction: Despite the rising popularity of subcutaneous mastectomy (top surgery) in patients born female and identifying as male or nonbinary, there are limited studies on how prior breast surgeries affect subcutaneous mastectomy. This study evaluates if previous breast reduction affected subcutaneous mastectomy in this patient population.

Methods: The case series consists of 5 patients who, having had prior breast reductions, elected to have subcutaneous mastectomy.

World's First Baby Born Through Natural Insemination by Father With Total Phalloplasty Reconstruction.

Techniques for neophallus reconstruction have become increasingly refined, fulfilling more criteria for what is considered to be the ideal penis reconstruction. For both trauma and transgender populations, the radial forearm free flap remains the gold standard, although the pedicled or free anterolateral thigh flap is becoming a favored alternative. Despite the remarkably high rates of sexual activity reported by patients having benefited from these techniques, sexual function remains a significant challenge due to frequent complications including autologous and prosthetic stiffener failure, fistula formation, and inadequate erogenous sensation.

In vivo evaluation of a novel mesh suture design for abdominal wall closure.

Background: The authors present a novel mesh suture design aimed at minimizing the early laparotomy dehiscence that drives ventral hernia formation. The authors hypothesized that modulation of the suture-tissue interface through use of a macroporous structure and increased aspect ratio (width-to-height ratio) would decrease the suture pull-through that leads to laparotomy dehiscence.

Methods: Incisional hernias were produced in 30 rats according to an established hernia model.

Evaluating the effects of subclinical, cyclic ischemia-reperfusion injury on wound healing using a novel device in the rabbit ear.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of cyclic ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury on wound healing using a novel rabbit ear model.

Materials And Methods: A lightweight clamp apparatus was developed for reversible occlusion of the central ear artery. Ventral ear wounds were analyzed postoperatively for epithelialization and granulation as well as gene expression after 3 consecutive days of IR cycling.

Understanding the host inflammatory response to wound infection: an in vivo study of Klebsiella pneumoniae in a rabbit ear wound model.

Wound infection development is critically dependent on the complex interactions between bacteria and host. Klebsiella pneumoniae has become an increasingly common wound pathogen, but its natural history within wounds has never been studied. Using a validated, in vivo rabbit ear model, wounds were inoculated with K.

Treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm-infected wounds with clinical wound care strategies: a quantitative study using an in vivo rabbit ear model.

Background: Bacterial biofilm is recognized as a major detriment to wound healing. The efficacy of traditional wound care against biofilm has never been studied. The authors evaluated the effect of clinical strategies against biofilm-infected wounds in a quantitative, in vivo model.

The role of the epidermis and the mechanism of action of occlusive dressings in scarring.

The problem of cutaneous scarring has conventionally been approached as a pathology of the dermis. Multiple lines of evidence from the clinic, in vitro experiments, and in vivo animal and human studies, however, increasingly suggest that the epidermis plays a major role in the control of underlying dermal scar. Building on the demonstrated efficacy of silicone gel occlusion, in this paper we review the evidence for epidermal regulation of scar, and propose the novel hypothesis that dermal fibrosis is exquisitely linked to the inflammatory state of the epidermis, which in turn is linked to hydration state as a function of epidermal barrier function.

Development of a novel, highly quantitative in vivo model for the study of biofilm-impaired cutaneous wound healing.

A growing body of evidence suggests that in addition to hypoxia, ischemia-reperfusion injury, and intrinsic host factors, bacterial biofilms represent a fourth major pillar in chronic wound pathogenesis. Given that most studies to date rely on in vitro or observational clinical data, our aim was to develop a novel, quantitative animal model enabling further investigation of the biofilm hypothesis in vivo. Dermal punch wounds were created in New Zealand rabbit ears, and used as uninfected controls, or inoculated with green fluorescent protein-labeled Staphylococcus aureus to form wounds with bacteria predominantly in the planktonic or biofilm phase.

Quantifying tissue level ischemia: hypoxia response element-luciferase transfection in a rabbit ear model.

Ischemia is a common underlying factor in a number of pathologic conditions ranging from cardiac dysfunction to delayed wound healing. Previous efforts have shown the resulting hypoxia activates the hypoxia inducible factor, a transcription factor with signaling effects through an intranuclear hypoxia response element (HRE). We hypothesized that ischemic conditions should activate these hypoxic signaling pathways in a measurable manner.

Age-dependent response of primary human dermal fibroblasts to oxidative stress: cell survival, pro-survival kinases, and entrance into cellular senescence.

A central question in cell biology is how cells become senescent. After a finite number of cell divisions, normal cultured human cells enter a state of irreversible growth arrest, termed "replicative senescence." Alternatively, oxidative stress in the form of hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) can render human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) nonproliferative and quiescent, a phenomenon known as stress-induced premature senescence (SIPS).

Cross-sectional magnetic resonance angiography is accurate in predicting degree of carotid stenosis.

Carotid stenosis is currently estimated using methods based on flow velocity or two-dimensional projection images. Manipulation of magnetic resonance (MR) images in three dimensions (3-D MR) allows for direct measurement of carotid artery cross-sectional luminal area. The objectives of this study were (1) to assess the accuracy of 3-DMR as a technique for estimating carotid artery stenosis, and (2) to compare 3-D MR results with estimates from duplex ultrasound sonography (DUS) and conventional angiography.