Structural analysis of the SAM domain of the Arabidopsis mitochondrial tRNA import receptor.

Mitochondria are membrane-bound organelles of endosymbiotic origin with limited protein-coding capacity. The import of nuclear-encoded proteins and nucleic acids is required and essential for maintaining organelle mass, number, and activity. As plant mitochondria do not encode all the necessary tRNA types required, the import of cytosolic tRNA is vital for organelle maintenance.

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in the Shadows: Uncovering their Function in Non-Coding Region of Esophageal Cancer.

Esophageal cancer is a complex disease influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in non-coding regions of the genome have emerged as crucial contributors to esophageal cancer susceptibility. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the role of SNPs in non-coding regions and their association with esophageal cancer.

Dissecting genomic regions and underlying sheath blight resistance traits in rice ( L.) using a genome-wide association study.

The productivity of rice is greatly affected by the infection of the plant pathogenic fungus , which causes a significant grain yield reduction globally. There exist a limited number of rice accessions that are available to develop sheath blight resistance (ShB). Our objective was to identify a good source of the ShB resistance, understand the heritability, and trait interactions, and identify the genomic regions for ShB resistance traits by genome-wide association studies (GWAS).

Multi-environment evaluation of rice genotypes: impact of weather and culm biochemical parameters against sheath blight infection.

Introduction: Sheath blight caused by is one of the major diseases of rice, causing widespread crop losses. The use of semi-dwarf rice varieties in the ongoing nutrient-intensive rice cultivation system has further accentuated the incidence of the disease. An ideal solution to this problem would be identifying a stable sheath blight-tolerant genotype.

Do past and present adverse experiences impact the mental health of children? A study among children in the Juvenile Justice System in India.

Background: Children in the Juvenile Justice System (JJS) in India include children who may have engaged in criminal acts and children who cannot be cared for by their families of origin for various reasons. Given the nature of the children in such circumstances, they face multiple challenges growing up. Few studies from India have systematically explored interpersonal experiences, including adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) or bullying experiences, and their effects on these children's mental health.

Isoliensinine augments the therapeutic potential of paclitaxel in multidrug-resistant colon cancer stem cells and induced mitochondria-mediated cell death.

Previously we have reported the isoliensinine (ISO) potentates the therapeutic potential of cisplatin in cisplatin resistant colorectal cancer stem cells. The present study evaluates the chemo-sensitizing potential of the combinatorial regimen of ISO and Paclitaxcel (PTX) on multidrug-resistant (MDR)-HCT-15 cells to reduce the dose requirement of both ISO and PTX. The results of the present study suggest that treatment with the combinatorial regimen of ISO and PTX enhanced the cytotoxic effect with resultant increase in apoptosis in MDR-HCT-15 cells as evident from the altered cellular morphology, G2/M cell cycle arrest, propidium iodide uptake, Annexin V, increased intracellular Ca accumulation, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, diminished ATP production, PARP-1 cleavage, altered expression of ERK1/2, and apoptotic proteins.

Long-term impact of pulses crop rotation on soil fungal diversity in aerobic and wetland rice cultivation.

Pulse crop rotation in rice cultivation is a widely accepted agronomic practice. Depending upon the water regime, rice cultivation has been classified into wetland and aerobic practices. However, no studies have been conducted so far to understand the impact of pulse crop rotation and rice mono-cropping on fungal diversity, particularly in aerobic soil.

Role of therapeutic plasma exchange in rat killer (yellow phosphorous) poisoning.

Context: Yellow phosphorus (YP) 3% is one of the rodenticides available, which is a potent hepatotoxin and it is fatal. Management of YP poisoning is difficult since there is no antidote available; only definitive management is liver transplantation. Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) helps the YP poisoning patients by removing the poison or its metabolite or the inflammatory mediators released in the body in response to toxin.

Common adverse events of electronic cigarettes compared with traditional nicotine replacement therapies: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Issues: Established literature suggests that electronic cigarettes (EC) are more effective than traditional nicotine replacement therapies (NRT) as a smoking cessation aid, but the factors that mediate this difference remain poorly understood. We examine how adverse events (AE) associated with EC use relative to NRTs differ, with the view that differences in AEs experienced may drive differences in use and compliance.

Approach: Papers for inclusion were identified via a three-tiered search strategy.

Genome-Wide Urea Response in Rice Genotypes Contrasting for Nitrogen Use Efficiency.

Rice is an ideal crop for improvement of nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), especially with urea, its predominant fertilizer. There is a paucity of studies on rice genotypes contrasting for NUE. We compared low urea-responsive transcriptomes of contrasting rice genotypes, namely Nidhi (low NUE) and Panvel1 (high NUE).

Global prevalence of heated tobacco product use, 2015-22: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background And Aims: Heated tobacco products (HTPs) are electronic devices that heat process tobacco to release an aerosol containing nicotine and other chemicals. Limited data exist on world-wide HTP use prevalence. This meta-analytic review estimated the prevalence of HTP use by country, World Health Organization (WHO) region, year, sex/gender and age.

Non-medical use of pharmaceutical opioids with and without other illicit substance use: Trends from two repeated nationally representative Australian surveys.

Background: Due to concerns over the public health impact of increasing opioid use, Australia up-scheduled codeine in 2018, requiring codeine-containing pharmaceuticals to be prescription-only. We examined pre-post changes in the prevalence and correlates of non-medical use of pharmaceutical opioids (NMUPO) and other illicit substance use (ISU).

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 45,463 participants aged 14 or above in the Australian National Drug Strategy Household Surveys (NDSHS) 2016 and 2019.

Assessment of noncompliance in self-disclosure of deferrable risk behaviors among blood donors.

Background: Blood transfusion services work to ensure universal accessibility of safe and effective blood products for transfusion to recipients. Failure of blood donors to disclose complete truthful information before blood donation is termed as noncompliance. Noncompliance in disclosing high-risk behaviors could compromise blood safety.

Deciphering environmental factors and defense response of rice genotypes against sheath blight disease.

Sheath blight (ShB) is one of the most serious diseases in rice, leading to severe yield losses globally. In our study, we evaluated a total of 63 rice genotypes for resistance against sheath blight disease by artificial inoculation over two seasons under field conditions and studied the weather parameters associated with disease incidence. Based on two years of testing, 23 genotypes were found moderately resistant, 38 were moderately susceptible, and 2 exhibited a susceptible reaction to sheath blight disease.

Isolated superior mesenteric artery traumatic injury following body height fall across a log.

This case outlines a 71-year-old male falling from body height horizontally across a log with isolated superior mesenteric artery vascular injury, a rarity in minor blunt force trauma. A computed tomography abdomen and pelvis with contrast was ordered revealing active contrast blush arising from a major mesenteric vessel consistent with active arterial bleeding. Bowels and solid intra-abdominal organs were spared from any injuries.

Chronic mesenteric ischemia: Diagnosis & management.

Background: With rising rates of atherosclerotic disease and obesity worldwide, the prevalence of chronic mesenteric ischemia (CMI) has been progressively rising. Prompt diagnosis and early intervention are crucial to avoid bowel loss and mortality in optimising long-term outcomes for patients and achieving symptom relief.

Objectives: This article aims to summarise relevant literature on CMI, enabling primary care physicians to make a timely diagnosis and intervention, improving outcomes of patients with CMI.

Novel small molecules that increase the susceptibility of Neisseria gonorrhoeae to cationic antimicrobial peptides by inhibiting lipid A phosphoethanolamine transferase.

Objectives: Neisseria gonorrhoeae is an exclusively human pathogen that commonly infects the urogenital tract resulting in gonorrhoea. Empirical treatment of gonorrhoea with antibiotics has led to multidrug resistance and the need for new therapeutics. Inactivation of lipooligosaccharide phosphoethanolamine transferase A (EptA), which attaches phosphoethanolamine to lipid A, results in attenuation of the pathogen in infection models.

Disparities in Treatment Satisfaction and Supportive Care Receipt for Young Adult Oncology Patients on the Basis of Residential Location.

Purpose: Adolescent and young adult oncology programs are critical but exist primarily in academic centers, prompting potential disparities in care on the basis of patient residence. We studied the impact of residential location on supportive care receipt and treatment satisfaction in young adults (YAs) with cancer age 19-39 years treated at the University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center (UWCCC).

Methods: YA patients with cancer age 19-39 years seen at UWCCC from March 30, 2019, to March 29, 2020, were sent a survey assessing supportive care receipt and satisfaction.

Unlocking the Nexus between Leaf-Level Water Use Efficiency and Root Traits Together with Gas Exchange Measurements in Rice ( L.).

Drought stress severely affects plant growth and development, causing significant yield loss in rice. This study demonstrates the relevance of water use efficiency with deeper rooting along with other root traits and gas exchange parameters. Forty-nine rice genotypes were evaluated in the basket method to examine leaf-level water use efficiency (WUEi) variation and its relation to root traits.

Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Isolates Identifies the Differentially Expressed Proteins with Roles in Virulence.

Sheath blight of rice is a destructive disease that could be calamitous to rice cultivation. The significant objective of this study is to contemplate the proteomic analysis of the high virulent and less virulent isolate of using a quantitative LC-MS/MS-based proteomic approach to identify the differentially expressed proteins promoting higher virulence. Across several rice-growing regions in Odisha, Eastern India, 58 isolates were obtained.