Anti-leishmanial activity of Herb. and predictions of isoeleutherin and its analogues.

Leishmaniasis is caused by protozoa of the genus , classified as tegumentary and visceral. The disease treatment is still a serious problem, due to the toxic effects of available drugs, the costly treatment and reports of parasitic resistance, making the search for therapeutic alternatives urgent. This study assessed the anti-leishmanial potential of the extract, fractions, and isoeleutherin from , as well as the interactions of isoeleutherin and its analogs with Trypanothione Reductase (TR), in addition to predicting pharmacokinetic parameters.

Aggressive behavior and performance in the Tegu lizard Tupinambis merianae.

Aggression is an important component of behavior in many animals and may be crucial to providing individuals with a competitive advantage when resources are limited. Although much is known about the effects of catecholamines and hormones on aggression, relatively few studies have examined the effects of physical performance on aggression. Here we use a large, sexually dimorphic teiid lizard to test whether individuals that show high levels of physical performance (bite force) are also more aggressive toward a potential threat (i.